Long-read sequencing revealed alterations of microbial relationship between tongue coating and gastric mucosa in patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia / 数字中医药（英文）

Objective@#To explore the microbial correlation between oral tongue coating (TC) and gastric mucosa (GM) in patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM).@*Methods@#The present study recruited 1360 volunteers for upper gastrointestinal cancer screening. The microbiota in TC and GM were profiled by long-read sequencing of full-length 16S rRNA gene. The microbial diversity, community structure, and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) were analyzed by the software Visual Genomics. SparCC correlation analysis was used to construct the commensal network and the graphical display was conducted by R software.@*Results@#The population included 44 patients with precancerous GIM, and 28 matched controls with negative rapid urease test (RUT) and non-symptomatic chronic superficial gastritis (CSG). No significant difference in diversity was observed between GIM patients and controls in TC or GM microbiota (P > 0.05). Patients had a higher percentage of 41 – 60 co-occurring operational taxonomic units (OTUs) between TC and GM than controls (34.1% vs. 25.0%) (P < 0.05). The LEfSe showed that TC Prevotella melaninogenica and three gastric Helicobacter species (i.e., Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori XZ274, and Helicobacter pylori 83) were enriched in patients with GIM. Furthermore, GIM patients with positive RUT had a lower percentage of co-occurring OTUs over 20 (P < 0.05), and lower abundances of gastric Veillonella, Pseudonocardia, and Mesorhizobium than those with negative RUT (P < 0.05). The commensal network between TC and GM was more complex in GIM patients than in controls. GIM patients with positive RUT demonstrated more bacterial correlations between TC and GM than those with negative RUT. Finally, the serum ratio of PG-I/II was negatively correlated with three gastric Helicobacter species (Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori XZ274, and Helicobacter pylori 83) in patients with negative RUT (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with two TC species (Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum and Campylobacter showae) in patients with positive RUT (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#The development of GIM potentiated the commensal network between oral TC and GM, providing microbial evidence of the correlation between TC and the stomach.

Spatial-temporal clustering analysis of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of influenza in Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2021, so as to provide insights into prevention and control of influenza. Methods Data of influenza in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The software ArcGIS 10.8 was employed for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and SaTScan 10.1 was employed for spatio-temporal scanning to analyze the temporal and spatial clustering characteristics of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District. @*Methods@#Data of influenza in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The software ArcGIS 10.8 was employed for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and SaTScan 10.1 was employed for spatio-temporal scanning to analyze the temporal and spatial clustering characteristics of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District.@*Results@#Totally 60 543 influenza cases were reported in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021, with an incidence of 0.76%. The incidence of influenza peaked in December 2019 (9.35%) and January 2020 (9.28%) during the period between 2017 and 2021. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a positive spatial correlation of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District from 2018 to 2021 (all P<0.05), and a high clustering in 2019 and 2021. Zhonghe Street showed a low-high clustering from 2017 to 2020; Jiangshan Town showed a low-high clustering in 2017 and 2020, and a high-high clustering in 2019 and 2021; Shounan Street showed a high-high clustering from 2018 to 2020; Yunlong Street showed a high-high clustering in 2021. Spatio-temporal scanning analysis showed that the class Ⅰ clusters were located in the central region which centered in Dongqianhu Town, with aggregation time in August 2017, in the northwest region with aggregation time in December and January from 2018 to 2020, and in the west region with aggregation time in August 2021.@* Conclusion @#The incidence of influenza in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 showed a spatio-temporal clustering in the northwestern region in winter and summer.

Glycemic control and adipokines after periodontal therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis

Abstract: The mechanism by which chronic periodontitis (CP) affects type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of periodontal therapy (PT) on the glycemic control and adipokines of patients with T2DM and CP with the purpose of elucidating the possible mechanisms by which CP influences T2DM. Forty-four patients with T2DM and CP were randomly divided into two groups according to whether they underwent PT. Periodontal status, blood glucose, and the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), adiponectin (APN), and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) were measured at baseline and after 3 months. The results revealed that the probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) were significantly improved, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, and APN and FGF-21 exhibited substantial increases in the intervention group after 3 months (p < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in both groups decreased significantly after 3 months compared with baseline (p < 0.05), but the intervention group exhibited a significantly greater change (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PT may relieve periodontal inflammation, which causes a reduction of insulin-antagonizing adipokines and an increase in insulin-sensitizing adipokines, thereby eliciting an improvement in glycemic control.

Autotoxicity in Pogostemon cablin and their allelochemicals

Abstract The effects of allelochemicals and aqueous extracts from different Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth., Lamiaceae, parts and rhizosphere soil on growth parameters, leaf membrane peroxidation and leaf antioxidant enzymes were investigated in patchouli. P. cablin seedlings were incubated in solutions containing allelochemicals and aqueous extracts from different patchouli parts and its rhizosphere soil at several concentrations. Firstly, the growth parameters were significantly reduced by the highest concentration of leaves, roots and stems extracts (p < 0.05). As compared to the control, plant height was reduced by 99.8% in the treatment with leaves extracts (1:10). The malondialdehyde content increased greatly when patchouli seedlings were subject to different concentrations of leaves, roots and stems extracts; meanwhile, the superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities showed an increase trend at the low concentration, followed by a decline phase at the high concentration of roots and leaves extracts (1:10). What's more, leaves and roots extracts had a more negative effect on patchouli growth than stems extracts at the same concentrations. Secondly, the total fresh mass, root length and plant height were greatly reduced by the highest strength of soil extracts. Their decrements were 22.7, 74.9, and 33.1%, respectively. Thirdly, growth parameters and enzymatic activities varied considerably with the kinds of allelochemicals and with the different concentrations. Plant height, root length and total fresh weight of patchouli were greatly reduced by p-hydroxybenzoic acid (200 μM), and their decrements were 77.0, 42.0 and 70.0%, respectively. Finally, three useful measures on reducing the autotoxicity during the sustainable patchouli production were proposed.

Dynamic accumulation of sesquiterpenes in essential oil of Pogostemon cablin

Sesquiterpenes Essential oil produced by patchouli was one of the most important naturally occurring base materials used in the perfume industry, containing various sesquiterpenes. Three different parts (leaves, stems and roots) of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth., Lamiaceae, were profiled in relation to different maturation phases in this paper, evaluating the variations in content of the major sesquiterpenes in the essential oil. Twelve sesquiterpenes were analyzed by GC-MS throughout the maturity of P. cablin. Patchouli alcohol (37.54%-51.02% in leaves, 28.24%-41.96% in stems and 14.55%-35.12% in roots) was the major sesquiterpene during the maturation of the plant. The average content of several other sesquiterpenes (α-bulnesene, α-guaiene, seychellene, β-humulene and caryophyllene) were higher than 3% among leaves, stems and roots. The content of essential oil, patchouli alcohol, α-bulnesene and several other compounds were highly accumulated at 210 days of maturation after cultivation of P. cablin. Thus, this period was the best moment to exploit the maximum level of these high value-added compounds in P. cablin. Furthermore, our results indicated that the essential oil extracted from leaves of P. cablin has the highest potential to be used in the perfume industry.

Observation on short-term and long-term therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture at Houxi (SI 3) on acute lumbar sprain / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture at Houxi (SI 3) and medicine on acute lumbar sprain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred cases of acute lumbar sprain were randomly divided into two groups, a electroacupuncture (EA) group and a medication group, 150 cases in each group. The EA group were treated with EA at Houxi (SI 3), once each day, 3 sessions constituting one course, and the medication group with Mobike, once daily, 7. 5 mg each time. Their therapeutic effects were evaluated after treatment for 7 days and one month respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the short-term therapeutic effect, the effective rate was 97. 3% in the EA group and 89. 2% in the medication group with a very significant difference between the two groups (P<0. 01); for the long-term therapeutic effect, the effective rate was 99. 3% in the EA group and 93. 2% in the medication group with a very significant difference between the two groups (P<0. 01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both the short-term and the long-term therapeutic effects of EA at Houxi (SI 3) on acute lumbar sprain are better than those in the medication group.</p>