ABSTRACT
Objective@#To understand cognitive flexibility among college students with childhood neglected experience, and to provide a thoretical basis and data reference for the study of cognitive characteristics of neglected people and its intervention.@*Methods@#A total of 719 college students were surveyed using the Childhood Neglect Scale, and were screened through Childhood Neglect Scale. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Verbal Fluency Test(VFT)were adminstered among those with childhood neglect to understand the responding flexibility and spontaneous flexibility.@*Results@#The proportion of subjects with neglect experience was 43.74%. Boys,non-only children,students in rural areas neglect experience were higher(P<0.05). The neglect experience of childhood affects the individual’s response flexibility(t=2.22, P<0.05), as well as spontaneous flexibility(t=-2.17, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Childhood neglect experience has a negative impact on cognitive flexibility.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the colorectal cancer incidence among compliers and non-compliers in the population of colorectal cancer screening area, and to provide scientific basis for health economic evaluation of cancer screening.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By screening different years build queue, to retrospectively compare the data of colorectal cancer screening from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2013 and the data of cancer registration, and to analyze the colorectal cancer incidence rates among screening compliers and non-compliers, and to compare the average intervals between the end of screening and clinical cancer diagnosis using SPSS 19 statistical software. Mantel-Haenszel test was performed with a statistical significance level of α = 0.05.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The non-compliance rate was 38.24% among males and 28.49% among females (P < 0.001). The non-compliance rate was highest in the 40-44 and 70-74 years age groups and lowest in the 50-59 years age group. The compliers of the screening were followed up for 476,049 person-years, and there were 51 cases of colorectal cancer, with an incidence rate of 10.71/100,000. The non-compliers of the screening were followed up for 259 183 person-years, and there were 66 cases of colorectal cancer, with an incidence rate of 25.46/100,000, which was 1.38 times higher than that of the compliance group (χ2 = 21.699, P < 0.001). The incidence rate of colorectal cancer among subjects who were positive in initial screening but refused to receive an electronic colonoscopy was as high as 164.40/100,000, and the average delay time was 20.8 ± 16.8 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The colorectal cancer screening adherence among women is better than among men, and that of 50-54 years and 55-59 years age groups is better than in other age groups. The subsequent incidence rate of colorectal cancer in the non-compliance group is significantly higher than that of the compliance population.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Factors , China , Epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Colonoscopy , Colorectal Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Early Detection of Cancer , Incidence , Mass Screening , Patient Compliance , Retrospective Studies , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
Summary: The purpose of this study was to construct expression vectors of idiotype (Id) Smlg in patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia and to express them in E.coli to obtain recombinant Id,and to investigate the effect of the protein on the proliferation and secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. Light chain gene and Fd fragment of heavy chain gene were inserted into fd-tet-DOG2 vector to construct fd-tet-DOG2-Fab. Fab gene was further cloned into expression vector pHEN2 to construct the soluble expression vector pHEN2-Fab. After induction by IPTG, Fab protein was purified by Ni-NTA-chromatography. MTT was used to determine the effects of purified protein on the proliferation of stimulated PBMC in vitro and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the culture supernatants were detected by ELISA. The results showed that recombinant pHEN2-Fab expression vector was constructed successfully. Fab protein was expressed in positive clone after induced by 1PTG and two specific bands at 24-25 kD position were observed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Proliferation of PBMC could be induced by purified Fab and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ, in culture supernatants were increased significantly after induction. It was suggested that the expression vector of SmIg Fab fragment was constructed successfully, and expressed and secreted from E. Coli. The Fab protein could induce proliferation of PBMC and promote secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ.