Negative correlation between serum S100B and leptin levels in schizophrenic patients during treatment with clozapine and risperidone: preliminary evidence

Recently, extensive efforts have been made to understand the rate of energy expenditure and the weight gain associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment, including identification of markers of obesity risk. In recent years, leptin, an adipocyte hormone, has gained significant interest in psychiatric disorders. S100B has been considered as a surrogate marker for astrocyte-specific damage in neurologic disorders. Also, S100B has been detected in adipose with concentration as high as nervous tissue as a second release source. In this study we evaluated the relationship between S100B and leptin in schizophrenic patients under treatment with clozapine and risperidone. This study included 19 patients meeting the DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, having body mass index [BMI] of 16- 25 kg/m[2] and suffering schizophrenia for more than 3 years and from this study. Twenty five healthy controls were group matched for age and gender whose BMI was 16-25 kg/m[2]. Serum S100B and leptin levels and positive and negative symptom scale [PANSS] were assessed at admission and after six weeks. During the study, S100B showed a strong and negative correlation with leptin [r = -0.5, P = 0.01]. Also, there were negative correlation between serum S100B level and PANSS negative subscale after 6 weeks of treatment [r = -0.048, P = 0.8]. Positive correlation between leptin level and PANSS suggested a potential role for leptin which can mediate the link between antipsychotic induced weight gain and therapeutic response in schizophrenia

Role of capitonage and fibrin sealant in reducing seroma formation after breast conservation surgery: a randomized clinical trial

Seroma formation is a common complication after breast cancer surgery. Several techniques such as tube drainage, fibrin sealant and suturing methods have been employed to prevent or reduce seroma formation. Capitonnage, a suturing method widely used following hydatid cyst removal, has been used after breast surgery in limited studies. Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of tube drainage, fibrin sealant and capitonnage to prevent early complications. Eligible patients with breast cancer who were candidate for breast conserving surgery were enrolled and randomized into three different groups [tube drainage, capitonnage, capitonnage plus fibrin sealant]. Patients were visited on 5[th],12[th] and 19[th] days after surgery and were assessed for any probable complications. A total of 90 patients were enrolled. One patient developed seroma in tube drainage and capitonnage group, while no participant from capitonnage plus fibrin sealant group experienced the mentioned complication. Three patients developed skin necrosis, all of them were treated with capitonnage plus fibrin sealant protocol. Based on our observations, it seems that capitonnage alone or in combination with fibrin sealant do not lead to significant differences in frequency of complications after breast cancer surgery such as hematoma, seroma and surgical site infection

Effect of elective percutaneous coronary intervention on left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity across the world. Its treatment includes medical treatment, coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] and percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PCI on echocardiographic findings of left ventricular [LV] systolic and diastolic function. 115 patients with coronary artery disease candidate for PCI were enrolled to our study. Echocardiography was done before PCI, the day after and 3-6 months later. LV systolic and diastolic function were measured and recorded. Echocardiographic finding compared with repeated measurement analysis. Mean age of the patients was 57.8 +/- 8.38 years. The mean Ejection Fraction [EF] was [%40.52 +/- 6.36] before, [%41.83 +/- 7.14] the day after, and [%44.0 +/- 7.89] 3-6 months after PCI. Diastolic dysfunction were mild to moderate before PCI, which in%74 [86 patients] were improved to mild dysfunction the day after PCI but not changed 3-6 months later [P<0.0001]. PCI improved LV ejection fraction, and LV diastolic function in our patient's population

Comparison of the efficacy of nifedipine and hydralazine in hypertensive crisis in pregnancy

Intravenous hydralazine is a commonly administered arteriolar vasodilator that is effective for hypertensive emergencies associated with pregnancy. Oral nifedipine is an alternative in management of these patients. In this study the efficacy of nifedipine and hydralazine in pregnancy was compared in a group of Iranian patients. Fifty hypertensive pregnant women were enrolled in the study. A randomized clinical trial was performed, in which patients in two groups received intravenus hydralazine or oral nifedipine to achieve target blood pressure reduction. The primary outcomes measured were the time and doses required for desired blood pressure achievement. Secondary measures included urinary output and maternal and neonatal side effects. The time required for reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was shorter for oral nifedipine group [24.0 +/- 10.0 min] than intravenus Hydralazine group [34.8 +/- 18.8 min] [P