Histological, biomechanical and radiological evaluation of bone repair with human platelet rich plasma in rabbit model

This study was carried out to evaluation the effect of human platelet rich plasma [hPRP] on the bone repair process in rabbit model which could be used in many procedures of orthopedic or maxillofacial bone and implant reconstructive surgery. This study is a prospective experimental study on animal model. A critical size defect [10 mm] was created in the radial diaphysis of 24 rabbit and then supplied with human PRP [treatment group] or the defect left empty [control group]. Radiographs of each forelimb was taken postoperatively on 1st day and at the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks post injury to evaluate bone formation, union and remodeling of the defect. The operated radii were removed on 56th postoperative day and were evaluated for biomechanical properties and histopathological criteria. The results indicate that human PRP [as a xenogenic PRP] in treatment group significantly promote bone regeneration in critical size defects compared with control group [p<0.05]. This study showed that hPRP has a high regenerative capacity in critical size bone defects in rabbit model after 8 weeks

[Adamantane and neuraminidase resistant influenza A/H3N2 isolated in iran from 2005 to 2013]

Influenza viruses are one of the most important etiological agents of respiratory disease in humans and cause epidemics and pandemics with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination and antiviral treatments are the sole and essential way for the prevention and control of influenza infection. During an influenza epidemic before the production of effective vaccine, antiviral treatments are the first step for the prevention and treatment of influenza infection. Adamantanes and neuraminidase inhibitors are influenza antiviral drugs. Because of the increase of drug resistant viruses, the aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiviral drug resistance in influenza A/H3N2 viruses from 2005-2013 in Iran. In this study 50 influenza A/H3N2 viruses isolated in cell culture were tested. All samples were subjected to M and NA gene sequencing at the National Influenza Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. RNA was extracted from 200 ml of cell culture supernatants using the Roche high pure viral nucleic acid kit. RT-PCR with the Qiagen one step RT-PCR kit was done. The expected size of the PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis using 1% agarose gels. The PCR products were sequenced for finding the drug resistant mutants. All influenza A/H3N2 viruses except four viruses circulating during 2005-2006 had Ser31Asn mutation at M2 channel protein. In the analysis of neuraminidase gene none of the A/H3N2 viruses had K292R, E119V and N294S mutations responsible for drug resistant strains. This study showed circulating A/H3N2 viruses was resistant to adamantanes but susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors. The national data analyzed in this research may help increase knowledge about influenza virus antiviral drug resistance, which is a global public health concern. The authors suggested continuing this study and also the investigation of antiviral drug resistance of influenza A/H1N1 and B viruses

Effectiveness of massage therapy on the mood of patients after open-heart surgery

Cardiovascular diseases have the highest death rates in human society. Coronary artery disease is among the most important of these diseases. No treatment of cardiovascular disease has as much impact on the quality of life of the patients as the heart surgery. The recovery from heart surgery is associated with symptoms of pain and psychological distress. In the early recovery period, the patients will face moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression. In this regard, various measures of nursing, as complementary therapy practices have been performed to help the patients for overcoming the physical and psychological needs. One of these methods, in recent years has been the use of complementary and alternative therapies, particularly massage therapy, after heart surgery. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of massage therapy on the mood of patients after open-heart surgery in Isfahan Chamran Hospital during 2010-11. In this study 72 patients, who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, were selected. They were randomly assigned to the two case and control groups. The patients of the case group [n = 36] received Swedish massage for 20 minutes in 4 sessions in 4 consecutive days, 3 to 6 days after the open-heart surgery. The patients in the control group received only the routine care. The mood questionnaire [POMS] which was used in this study has been completed the day before the start of the study and intervention and again after the last day of the intervention. SPSS software version 12 and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used for data analysis. The comparison of study results showed that massage decreased the overall rating of the patients' mood after the surgery. The use of massage therapy as an effective nursing intervention can improve the patients' mood after openheart surgery. Due to the low cost and simplicity of this method, it can perhaps be used as a complement to drug therapy and postoperative interventions used in these patients.