ABSTRACT
Some fruit peels have an overall healthy effect on lipid metabolism. Where, they decrease serum TC, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c levels and maintaining healthy liver morphology in the experimental animals. Therefore, these .fruit peels powders are recommended .to prevent the development of hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart diseases. The present work was carried out to study the effect of some fruit peels on body weight, hyperlipidemia, and kidney and liver functions of experimental rats. The effect of navel orange, apple and grape peels on food intake, body weight gain , relative organs weight of liver and kidney to body weight, lipid profile , glucose and liver enzymes [AST and ALT], kidney functions [creatinine] in the serum of rats feeding hyperlipidemia diet . The fruit peels were added to biscuits at 3 percentage S, 1 and I0 %, then the biscuits were subjected to sensory evaluation the best percentage were S and 7% of wheat flour. From the results it was concluded that, the best results of peels were recorded for the groups which were contained [navel orange peel 10%] followed by, apple peel and grape peel 10% because these peels led to significant increase in consumed food and decrease in body weight gain and relative liver and kidney weight, while realized the highest decrease in serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, AST, ALT and creatinine and increase HDL-C., while group positive control group was reversal decreased in HDL-C, and increased in alt the same parameters above. In conclusion, the present study proved that taking· fruit peels powder [, navel orange, apple and grape peels] are suited for treatment both hyperlipidemia and obesity
ABSTRACT
heat germ as one of by-products in milling of wheat cereal were chosen because, it has many important purposes such as a protein supplement when mixed with infant and children foods. Levels of 10 and 20% r V wheat germ for substitute wheat flour [72% extraction] used to prepare two types of cakes. The cake samples which had the best acceptance of sensory properties were chosen for chemically rheological and biologically evaluation. Thirty male albino rats were divided randomly into two main groups, the first group was 6 rats saved as normal group and fed on basal diet. The other groups [n= 24 rats] were fed on basal diet containing 2% casein for three weeks to induce protein malnutrition. One group [6 rats] left as control [+], while the other 3 groups fed on basal diet supplemented by wheat germ 20%, wheat germ cake 20% and control cake 20%. Obtained of organolyptical evaluation showed that, cake supplemented with 20% wheat germ had the highest score for most sensory attributes. Farinograph and extensograph rheological data revealed that, water absorption percent and dough weakening were high with increasing the ratio of wheat germ substitution. On the other hand, extensibility and dough energy were increased, while resistance to extension decreased as a result of added. Chemical evaluation showed that, cakes supplemented with 20% wheat germ had the highest value of protein [11.77%] and total lipid [23.62%] compared to the control cakes, containing the highest levels of essential amino acids. Lysine, tryptophane, alanine and leucine in the obtained cakes were increased compared to the control cake. Concerning the biological examinations the effect of wheat germ 20%, wheat germ cake 20% [added as 20% of rats diet] and control cake 20% of rats diets on be Jy weight gain, food efficient ratio, relative organs weight were studied. Also the biochemical analysis as serum proteins, lipid profiles, urea and creatinine and serum minerals as [zinc and iron] was studied of protein malnourished rats. Biological examinations cleared that, the group's supplemented diets with wheat germ 20% and wheat germ cake 20% had a significant increment effect on consumed food, body weight gain, food efficient ratio and the relative weight of brain, liver, kidney, spleen, heart and lung as compared to other experimental groups. The biochemical analysis showed that, the highest increment in serum proteins, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and urea and serum minerals as zinc and iron levels, while data recorded a significant decreased in serum triglyceride, vLDL-c and creatinine, while the control positive group were reversed in all the same parameters. In conclusion, it is a necessary to supplement infant and children diets and formulas with wheat germ and protein malnourished children and patients, which known by kwashiorkor?