ABSTRACT
This study ascertained the effects of soy, in the forms of textured soy protein [TSP] and soy nuts, on lipid profiles, apolipoproteins, inflammatory and prothrombotic markers, and blood pressure in elderly women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome [MetS]. This was a 12-week parallel, randomized, controlled trial conducted in rural health centers of Babol, Iran. Participants were 75 women, ages 60-70 years, who were diagnosed with MetS. Subjects were randomized to one of the following 3 groups: i] soy nut [35g/d], ii] TSP [35g/d], and iii] control. Blood biochemical markers measured at baseline and at the end of the study included: triglycerides [TG], cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, ApoB100, ApoAI, C-reactive protein [CRP], and fibrinogen. Soy nuts significantly improved LDL-C, VLDL-C, and ApoB100levels [P < 0.05], while fewer, significant improvements were observed in these variables in the TSP group compared to mean changes from baseline [P < 0.001]. Similar results were found for ApoAI in the treatment groups [P < 0.01]. Serum total cholesterol [TC] decreased significantly in the treatment groups compared with the control group [P < 0.005]. Differences from the control group in terms of TG, HDL-C, fibrinogen, CRP, and blood pressure were not significant. Both forms of soy improved lipid profiles. The group that consumed soy nuts had greater improvement than the TSP group. Therefore, moderate daily intake of soy may be a safe, inexpensive, and practical method to improve the risk of cardiovascular disease [CVD] and reduce the need for medical treatment
ABSTRACT
To ascertain the effects of soy [in the forms of Textured Soy Protein [TSP] and soy-nut] on lipid profiles, apolipoproteins, inflammatory and prothrombotic markers and blood pressure in elderly women with the metabolic syndrome. The study is a 12-week parallel randomized controlled trial that was conducted in rural health centres of Babol, Iran. The participants were 75 women 60-70 years old with the metabolic syndrome who were randomized to one of the three groups of soy-nut [35g/d], TSP [35g/d] and control. Blood pressure and blood biochemical markers were measured at baseline and at the end of the study including, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, ApoB100, ApoAI, CRP and fibrinogen. The soy-nut improved significantly LDL-C, VLDL-C and Apo B100 [P<0.05] while fewer improvements but significant were observed in these variables in the TSP group only when compared with the mean changes from the baseline [P<0.001]. Similar result was found for Apo AI in the treatment groups [P<0.01]. Serum total cholesterol decreased significantly in the treatment groups compared with control group [P<0.005]. The differences from control for triglyceride, HDL-C, fibrinogen, CRP and blood pressure were not significant. Both forms of soy while improved lipids profiles the soy-nut contribution was more to this improvement than the TSP. Therefore, moderate daily intake of soy may be a safe, cheap and practical method to improve cardiovascular disease risk and also reduce the need for medical treatment
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability and remains so in the future. The aim of this study was to detect the impact of a 6-month diet intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal Iranian women. It was a randomized controlled trial that carried out in the East Health Clinic in Ahvaz-Iran. This study started on June 2007 and was completed on May 2008. A total 64 healthy postmenopausal women recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention group (35) and control (29). Over the six months follow-up, the intervention group received five educational sessions (two face to face and three lecture discussion classes with slide demonstration) at the first month. These sessions were about menopause, cardiovascular disease and healthy diet. Every participant in the intervention group received one face to face education session at the 3rd month, and also received a telephone call at the end of each month starting with the second month to remain on the diet. Pre-intervention and post-intervention anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, blood lipids and dietary intake were assessed. Data analyzed using the SPSS version 15. Descriptive (means and SD), univariate (Paired-t test, Chi-Square and Independent T-test) and multivariate (GLM Repeated Measure) statistics were used. Participants in the diet group had significantly lower weight (-0.9 kg), body mass index (-0.4 kg/m2), and fasting blood sugar (-4.5 mg/dl). The diet group significantly increased their daily intake of fiber (+2.3 g, P = 0.05), decreased their intake of sodium (-28 mg, P = 0.04), and consumption of fruit and vegetable > or = 5 serving a day (80%, P = 0.03) compared to the control group. Post menopausal women are at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease. Healthy diet using educational intervention can be an effective means of reducing cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.