ABSTRACT
Objective: HbA1c shows the diabetic control of previous 3 months but its levels are affected by iron deficiency anemia. We performed our study in woman of child bearing age group that are mostly iron deficient and endeavorto examine effect of different categories of iron deficiency anemia on HbA1c levels
Material and Method: Three hundred and thirty non-diabetic, anemic female subjects were recruited from the Pathology departments of Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur and Sheikh Zyed Hospital Rahimyar Khan who visited department for their annual fitness. 120 subjects who fulfilled inclusion criteria were compared with age matched female for hemoglobin, ferritin, fasting and postprandial glucose levels and HbA1c measurement. The data of 100 females was then divided on the basis of Hb level into mild, moderate and severe anemia [HbA, HbB and HbC]. The Pearson correlation was analyzed between three categories of anemia and their HbA1c levels
Results: The Hb levels among the IDA patients were significantly low [9.9 +/- 5.4 g/dl] as compared to control group. The mean HbA1c [7.4 +/- 0.43%] level in iron deficient females was higher than that in the control. Statistical analysis provided significant negative association between HbB and HbA1cB measurements [r= -0.79] while strong negative relationship existed as degree of anemia became severe [r=-0.86]
Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia may raise HbA1c results upward depending on degree of anemia. So, iron status of female of reproductive age group should be improved before using HbA1c results for diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring of its long-term complication
ABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to determine the mean change in selected chemical analytes with and without application of tourniquet. Blood samples were collected from all persons irrespective of age and gender visiting pathology laboratory, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur. The study was a Quasi experimental study. The study was carried out in Pathology Laboratory, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur on Selectra XL and Easy lyte. October 2011 to April 2012. Blood samples were taken from both arms of 265 volunteer with one difference that standardized external pressure of 60 mm Hg was applied by using a sphygmomanometer for one minute on one arm and on other arm blood sample was collected without application of tourniquet. Samples with tourniquet application showed statistically significant mean increase in serum concentration of protein [p =0.001], cholesterol [p=0.03], calcium [p =0.007] and potassium [p=0.0001]. The mean concentration of serum sodium and chloride showed no statistically significant change after one minute of tourniquet application. The tourniquet application of one minute influence certain laboratory parameters, so its use should be kept to a minimum
ABSTRACT
To compare outcome of patients with supracondylar fractures of humerus treated by cross k wires and lateral entry k wires in children. Randomized controlled trial study. January 2012 to December 2012 at Department of Orthopedics, Nawaz Sharif Social Security hospital, Lahore. Two hundred patients, meeting the selection criteria were identified. These patients were divided into group A and group B randomly. In group A cross k wire fixation and in group B lateral entry k wire fixation was performed. Loss of reduction was assessed and recorded in the immediate postoperative period and three weeks later at the time of removal of k wires. Range of motion of the elbow, in the form of excellent outcome was assessed at the end of 12 weeks postoperatively. A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Loss of reduction was found in thirty patients [30%] in group A and in forty one patients [41%] in group B. In group A, seventy two patients [72%] had excellent outcome while twenty eight patients [28%] did not gain the desired range of motion at elbow. In group B, sixty five patients [65%] had excellent outcome while in thirty five patients [35%], the desired range of motion at elbow was not achieved. No neurological injury occurred with both configurations. Lateral entry k wire fixation is as effective as cross k wire in the treatment of displaced supracondylerfracture of humerus in children
ABSTRACT
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRCP in diagnosing obstructive jaundice taking endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP] as gold standard. Cross sectional survey. This study was conducted Radiology and Gastroenterology Departments, Sheikh Zayed Post graduate medical Institute, Lahore for a period of Six months from August 2012 to January 2013. A total of 90 patients having history and clinical suspicion of obstructive jaundice were enrolled in this study. MRCP was obtained in all cases followed by ERCP was performed. All this information was recorded on proforma and results were evaluated. A total of 90 patients were included in the study. 40 [44.4%] were male and 50 [55.6%] were female. The age ranged from 15-80 years. Mean age of patients was 46.66 +/- 16.33 years. In our study the sensitivity of MRCP in diagnosing obstructive jaundice was found to be 86.0%, specificity 70%, positive predictive value 96.0% and negative predictive value was found to be 39.0% and diagnostic accuracy was 84.0%. The outcome of this study was that MRCP is reasonably good in diagnosing obstructive jaundice but is relatively less accurate as compared to ERCP
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance , Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of positive findings on Percutaneous Transpedicular biopsy via fluoroscopic guidance in clinically identifiable cases of vertebral pathologies. Descriptive case series study. This study was conducted at department of Orthopedics, Nawaz Sharif Social Security Hospital, Lahore for a period of 06 months from 20[th] February 2012 to 20[th] August 2012. 55 patients fulfilling the selection criteria were identified. Radiographs and MRI of spine were carried out on the basis of clinical examination, to document the site and type of pathology. Transpedicular biopsy was taken. Results were evaluated on the basis of biopsy report. A total of 55 patients were included in the study. 37 [67.3%] were male and 18 [32.7%] were female. The age ranged from 18-80 years. Mean age of patients was 53.54 +/- 16.99 years. Positive diagnosis was obtained in 38 [69.1%] patients. Percutaneous Transpedicular biopsy is a safe procedure without significant operative morbidity, with good diagnostic accuracy