ABSTRACT
Introduction: Upper end of tibia is the component of knee joint. Accurate morphometric anatomical data of theupper end of tibia and morphometric differences according to gender are very important to make design of totalknee joint replacement prosthesis. Knee prosthesis made based on morphometric data of components of knee(femur and tibia) and according to gender difference will give better results after surgery in early mobility ofpatients as well as fewer post-operative complications.Aim: Present study was done to find out sexual dimorphism in upper end of tibia as well as differences inmorphometric data of upper end of tibia between other populations across the world and within India.Materials and Methods: For the present study the material consisted of 120 dry tibia of known gender were used.Out of them 60 were of male tibia (30 of right side and 30 of left side) and 60 were of female tibia (30 of right sideand 30 of left side). We have selected five metrical parameters 1. Bicondylar width (BCW), 2. Medial condylarantero-posterior distance of superior articular surface (MCAPD), 3. Lateral condylar antero-posterior distanceof superior articular surface (LCAPD), 4. Medial condylar transverse distance of superior articular surface(MCTD) and 5. Lateral condylar transverse distance of superior articular surface (LCTD) for the present studybased on which the tibial component of prosthesis for knee joint replacement surgery is made.Results: All five parameters which are chosen are found significantly larger in male than females. The findingsare smaller than Caucasian population and population of North India and found larger than population of SouthIndia.Conclusion: Present study provides data of measurement of upper end of tibia by direct observation which will beuseful to select correct sized knee prosthesis according to measurements. We have also provided data genderwise and on right and left side which will improve the longitivity of knee prosthesis, increased mobility of patientand improve the lifestyle after knee replacement surgery.
ABSTRACT
Background & Objectives: will be useful for anatomists, anthropologists, aneasthetist, orthopedics and experts in the field of forensic medicine. The aim of the study was to examine the different morphometric variations of the human mandibles and comparing between dentate and edentulous mandibles is done. Methods: This study included only bone who exhibited no obvious bone pathology. All measurements were done bilaterally, performed with a stainless steel metric digital calliper with 0.01 mm precision. The relative position of the Mental foramena (MF)as analyzed with measurements made from nferior wall of mandible to the mandibular base, from anterior wall of mandible to the mandibular skeletal midline, from his posterior wall to the posterior mandibular rim. To determine this relation, the standard horizontal plane defined by Morrant was used. Briefly, the mandible was placed on a horizontal surface, to which the lower border of the mandible comes into greatest contact when vertical pressure is applied to the second molar teeth. Results: The most common location for the MF is a position aligned between second premolar and first molar (Rt. side 30% & Lt. Side 31%). Comparison of measurements of dentate and edentulous mandible is significnat on both sides. Conclusion: The knowledge of the distances from surgically encountered anatomical landmarks in the present study provide valuable information to dental surgeons that will facilitate effective localization of the neurovascular bundle passing through mental foramen thus avoiding complications from local anesthetic, surgical and other invasive procedures.