ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical features of placental thrombosis complicated with fetal growth restriction(FGR),and to analyze its diagnosis and treatment methods. Methods:Combined with reviewing the relevant literatures, the clinical data of a case of placental thrombosis complicated with FGR was retrospectively analyzed. The patient with 32 1/7 weeks of gestation was hospitalized due to placental blood sinus found one month ago;at the same time FGR was found by ultrasound examination. The patient was intravenously given nutritional support treatment such as amino acid and glucose.At the same time, the patient was continuously given low-flow oxygen. Results:The patient received cesarean section at 35 2/7 weeks of gestation and a baby girl with 1 280 g weight and 32 cm length was gained;many blood sinus in the maternal surface of placenta were seen with the largest diameter of 3-4cm;the placenta was hypertrophic, weighted 540 g .After operation,the newborn was transferred to Department of Neonatology and followed up for 1 month.1 month later, the infant could eat by herself, other physical examinations were finished without any obvious abnormal findings and the newbron discharged from hospital after recovery. Conclusion:Placental thrombosis complicated with FGR is very common in clinic and this disease severely endangers the neonatal health. Early diagnosis and reasonable treatment can improve the pregnancy outcomes.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the rate of lymph node metastases in women with endometrial carci-noma and to compare the pattern of lymphatic spread of endometrial carcinoma with that of cervical carcino-ma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the lymphatic spread in 104 patients with endometrial carcinoma and 253 patients with cervical carcinoma. All of the patients underwent a complete pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy from caudal to the median circumflex to the level of renal vessels. Results: The incidence of lymphatic metastases in the endometrial carcinoma group was higher than that in the cervical carcinoma group (22.1% vs 16.2 %). The pathologic grade (G_1: 12.1%; G_2: 21.4%; G_3: 34.5%) and depth of myometrial in-vasion (≤1/2: 11.9%; >1/2: 29%) were correlated with lymph node metastasis. The rates of para-aortic node involvement, pelvic lymph node involvement and involvement of both were 4.3%, 34.8% and 60.9% in the en-dometrial carcinoma group and 0%, 68.3% and 31.7% in the cervical carcinoma group. The rates of obturator node involvement were 73.9% and 70.7%, respectively; the rates of suprainguinal node involvement were 8.7% and 7.3%, respectively. Compared with cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma showed higher rate of para-aortic and sacral node involvement (65.2% vs 31.7%, and 21.7% vs 17.1%) and lower rate of extamal iliac node involvement (17.4% vs 41.5%). Conclusion: Compared with cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcino-ma has a distinct lymphatic spread pattern and can directly metastasize to both pelvic lymph nodes and pa-ra-aortic lymph nodes with pelvic lymph node metastases being dominant. Positive lymph nodes are common-ly seen in cases of all pathological grades.