Teorias subjetivas da convivência escolar: o que os pais dizem? / Teorías subjetivas de la convivencia escolar: ¿qué dicen los padres / Subjective theories about school coexistence: what do parent say?

El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir e interpretar las TS de la convivencia escolar, de un grupo de padres y madres de una escuela de educación primaria chilena. Se utilizó un muestreo teórico y se aplicaron grupos de discusión y entrevistas episódicas a 16 padres y madres de una escuela de educación primaria. Los datos se analizaron mediante la técnica de la teoría fundamentada, encontrando (a) teorías subjetivas simples, pero que disponen a los padres a educar a sus hijos en convivencia; (b) factores asociados a la CE y propuestas para su mejora, (c) además de un rol parental educativo que se organiza en tres niveles para enseñar a sus hijos a convivir en la escuela. En la discusión se analiza la implicancia de estas teorías subjetivas en la convivencia escolar y el rol parental.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e interpretar as teorias subjetivas (TS) da convivência escolar (CE), de um grupo de pais e mães de uma escola de educação primária chilena. Uma amostragem teórica foi utilizada e se aplicaram grupos de discussão e entrevistas episódicas em 16 pais e mães de uma escola de educação primária. Os dados foram analisados através da técnica da teoria fundamentada (Grounded Theory), encontrando: (a) teorias subjetivas simples, mas que proporcionam aos pais educar seus filhos na convivência; (b) fatores associados à CE e propostas de melhoria; (c) além de um papel educativo dos pais que se organiza em três níveis para ensinar seus filhos a conviver na escola. Na discussão é analisada a implicação das teorias subjetivas na convivência escolar e no papel parental.

The aim of this work was to describe and to interpret subjective theories about school coexistence in a group of parents from a Chilean primary school. A theoretical sample was used, group discussions and episodic interviews were conducted to 16 parents from a primary school. Data was analyzed through grounded theory, finding (a) simple subjective theories lead parents to raise their children on an environment-based approach; (b) associated factors with school coexistence environment and emerging proposals to improve them; (c) as well as a schooling parental role that it organizes around three levels of climate schooling teaching. In the discussion section, we analyze implications of these subjective theories into schooling environment and parental role.

COVID-19 y comportamiento psicológico: revisión sistemática de los efectos psicológicos de las pandemias del siglo XXI

The aim of this work was to conduct a systematic review on psychological behavior in the context of pandemic scenarios during the twenty-first century. We focused on empirical works and brief case reports of H1N1 flu and COVID-19. Our review included 32 papers published both in English or Spanish. We built a set of tables that allowed us to classify the information in four main categories, namely the psychological impact of the pandemic, whether people follow or not official measures to protect themselves against the pandemic, psychological adherence considerations implied as mediators to respect official strategies, and relevant methodological characteristics of the pandemic research. Results show that there are significant impacts on the psychological behavior of people, social groups and organizations in several dimensions, namely emotion, cognition, behavior, mental health, organization and psychosocial factors. In addition, we found that certain social groups experienced a critical psychosocial impact likely due to the pandemic. Psychosocial factors affecting adherence were also identified, which allow us to better understand how health strategies are followed by the population. Different psychosocial suggestions, which emerged from the papers reviewed, were systematized and should be considered as possible pandemic strategies to be implemented.

Bone scan positivity in non-metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer: external validation study

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tables predicting the probability of a positive bone scan in men with non-metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer have recently been reported. We performed an external validation study of these bone scan positivity tables. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients seen at a tertiary care medical center (1996-2012) to select patients with non-metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Abstracted data included demographic, anthropometric, and disease-specific data such as patient race, BMI, PSA kinetics, and primary treatment. Primary outcome was metastasis on bone scan. Multivariable logistic regression was performed using generalized estimating equations to adjust for repeated measures. Risk table performance was assessed using ROC curves. Results: We identified 6.509 patients with prostate cancer who had received hormonal therapy with a post-hormonal therapy PSA ≥2ng/mL, 363 of whom had non-metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Of these, 187 patients (356 bone scans) had calculable PSA kinetics and ≥1 bone scan. Median follow-up after castrate-resistant prostate cancer diagnosis was 32 months (IQR: 19-48). There were 227 (64%) negative and 129 (36%) positive bone scans. On multivariable analysis, higher PSA at castrate-resistant prostate cancer (4.67 vs. 4.4ng/mL, OR=0.57, P=0.02), shorter time from castrate-resistant prostate cancer to scan (7.9 vs. 14.6 months, OR=0.97, P=0.006) and higher PSA at scan (OR=2.91, P <0.0001) were significantly predictive of bone scan positivity. The AUC of the previously published risk tables for predicting scan positivity was 0.72. Conclusion: Previously published risk tables predicted bone scan positivity in men with non-metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer with reasonable accuracy.

Frecuencia de posiciones de terceros molares impactados en pacientes atendidos en la IPS CES-Sabaneta - Antioquia / Frequency of impacted third molar positions in patients treated in the IPS CES-Sabaneta-Antioquia / Frequência de posições de terceiros molares impactos em pacientes atendidos no IPS CES-Sabaneta - Antioquia

Resumen Introducción y Objetivo: La impactación de terceros molares es una situación clínica muy común en la población mundial; Pell & Gregory han sugerido una clasificación para la impactación basados en la posición horizontal y vertical. Identificar la frecuencia de posiciones de terceros molares impactados en pacientes atendidos en la clínica CES-Sabaneta entre los años 2006-2016. Materiales y métodos: De acuerdo a la base de datos del servicio de cirugía oral, dos examinadores durante 3 meses revisaron 626 historias clínicas en pacientes entre 17 a 28 años de edad que tuvieran formula dental completa, con radiografía panorámica y que fueron remitidos por motivos ortodónticos, restaurativos o quirúrgicos. Resultados: Un total de 515 terceros molares fueron evaluados, el tercer molar más impactado fue el 28 (25,6%), seguido del 18 (25,4%), el 48 con 24,6% y el 38 con 24,2%. Prevaleció el género femenino con 58,6%, el diente más impactado fue el 28 (87.8%), a nivel vertical la posición C fue la que más se impactó, mientras que en los hombres el diente más impactado es el 18 con un 79.7%, la posición B fue la más impactada y a nivel horizontal la clase II fue la más común en ambos sexos. Conclusión: A nivel vertical la posición B, fue la más frecuente en los terceros molares del género femenino, sin embargo, en el género masculino hubo una variación, en el maxilar predomino la posición C; a nivel horizontal la clase II fue las posiciones más frecuentes en ambos géneros.

Abstract Introduction and objective: The Impaction of third molars is a very common clinical situation in the world population; Pell & Gregory have suggested a classification for impaction based on horizontal and vertical position. To identify the frequency of impacted third molar positions in patients treated at the CES-Sabaneta clinic between the years 2006-2016. Materials and methods: According to the oral surgery service database, two examiners during 3 months reviewed 626 clinical histories in patients between 17 and 28 years of ages who had complete dental formula, with panoramic radiography and who were remitted for reasons orthodontic, restorative or surgical. Results: A total of 515 third molars were evaluated, the third most impacted molar was 28 (25.6%), followed by 18 (25.4%), 48 with 24.6% and 38 with 24.2%. %. The female gender prevailed with 58.6%. The most impacted tooth was 28 (87.8%). At the vertical level, position C was the most impacted, while in men the most impacted tooth is 18 with a 79.7. %, position B was the most impacted and at the horizontal level class II was the most common in both sex. Conclusions: At the vertical level, position B was the most frequent in the third molars of the female gender, however in the male gender there was a variation, in the maxillary the position C predominated; A horizontal level class II was the most frequent positions in both sex.

Sumário Introdução e Objetivo: O impacto dos terceiros molares é uma situação clínica muito comum na população mundial; Pell & Gregory sugeriram uma classificação para o impacto com base na posição horizontal e vertical. Identifique a frequência de comprometimento das posições dos terceiros molares em pacientes tratados na clínica CES-Sabaneta entre 2006-2016. Materiais e métodos: Segundo o banco de dados do serviço de cirurgia oral, dois examinadores, durante 3 meses, revisaram 626 prontuários em pacientes entre 17 e 28 anos de idade que possuíam fórmula dental completa, com radiografia panorâmica e foram encaminhados por motivos ortodôntico, restaurador ou cirúrgico. Resultados: Foram avaliados 515 terceiros molares, o terceiro molar mais impactado foi 28 (25,6%), seguido por 18 (25,4%), 48 com 24,6% e 38 com 24,2 % O sexo feminino prevaleceu com 58,6%, o dente mais impactado foi 28 (87,8%), no nível vertical a posição C foi a mais impactada, enquanto nos homens o dente mais impactado é 18 com 79,7%. %, posição B foi a mais impactada e horizontalmente a classe II foi a mais comum em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: No nível vertical, a posição B foi a mais frequente nos terceiros molares do sexo feminino, no entanto, no sexo masculino houve variação, na posição maxilar C predominou; horizontalmente, a classe II foi a posição mais frequente em ambos os sexos.

Predictores de identidad profesional en estudiantes de psicología: un estudio de análisis de senderos / Predictors of Professional Identity in Psychology Students: a Path Analysis Study

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre identidad profesional, identidad estudiantil universitaria, autoeficacia académica, autoeficacia profesional, créditos cursados y dificultad percibida ante la carrera, en estudiantes de psicología tradicionales y no tradicionales. Se utilizó un diseño transversal y un muestreo no probabilístico de 136 estudiantes de psicología de una universidad pública del norte chileno. Se aplicaron cuatro escalas y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, análisis de correlación de Pearson, análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y análisis de senderos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la autoeficacia académica y profesional de estudiantes tradicionales y no tradicionales, y un modelo que predice la identidad profesional a partir de las variables identidad estudiantil universitaria, autoeficacia académica, autoeficacia profesional, créditos cursados y dificultad percibida ante la carrera (R 2 = .24). Los resultados se discuten en función de la literatura existente.

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between professional identity, university student identity, academic self-efficacy, professional self-efficacy, credits taken and difficulty perceived in the career, in traditional and non-traditional psychology students. We used a cross-sectional design and a non-probabilistic sample of 136 psychology students from a public university in the north of Chile. Four scales and a sociodemographic survey were used. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and path analysis were performed. Results showed significant differences in the academic and professional self-efficacy grouped into traditional and non-traditional students and a model that predicts professional identity based on the variables of university student identity, academic self-efficacy, professional self-efficacy, credits taken and perceived difficulty in the career (R 2 = .24). Outcomes are discussed according to the existing literature.

Influencia de variables organizacionales en la calidad de vida laboral de funcionarios del sector público de salud en el extremo norte de Chile / Influence of Organizational Variables in Quality of Working Life of Officials Public Health Sector in the Far North of Chile

En el presente estudio se describe la calidad de vida laboral y su relación con el clima organizacional, la satisfacción laboral y el engagement en funcionarios de organizaciones públicas de salud de la ciudad de Arica, Chile. Participaron 142 sujetos de ambos sexos. Se utilizaron el Inventario de Calidad de Vida Laboral, el Inventario de Clima Organizacional, el Cuestionario de Satisfacción Laboral S21/26 y el Cuestionario de Engagement. Los resultados muestran una relación significativa entre la calidad de vida laboral y las variables organizacionales medidas, observando la presencia de diferencias significativas en función del estamento administrativo de los funcionarios. Conjuntamente, se encontró que la variable engagement modula la relación entre la calidad de vida laboral, clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral. Estos resultados evidencian la asociación entre las variables organizacionales e interpersonales que confluyen en el ámbito laboral con las valoraciones subjetivas que los sujetos construyen sobre las características de su entorno de trabajo, modulando su implicación y productividad.

We describe the Quality of Working Life and its relationship with the Organizational Climate, Job Satisfaction and Engagement in officials of public health organization in the city of Arica, Chile. 142 adult subjects of both sexes. We used the Inventory of Quality of Work Life, Organizational Climate Inventory, Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S21/26, and Engagement Questionnaire. The results show a significant relationship between the quality of working life and organizational variables measures, noting the presence of significant differences in the Quality of Working Life in terms of establishment of civil administration. Jointly, we found that the variable Engagement modulates the relation between Quality of Working Life, organizational climate and job satisfaction. These results demonstrate the association between organizational and interpersonal variables that come together in the workplace, with subjective assessments that subjects build on the characteristics of their work environment, modulating their involvement and productivity.

Hidrodinámica aplicada a la gestión y la conservación de ecosistemas marinos y costeros: Isla Gorgona, Océano Pacífico Colombiano / Hydrodynamics applied to the management and conservation of marine and coastal ecosystems: Gorgona Island, Colombian Pacific Ocean

Palmeras (Gorgona National Park) is one of the most important sites for sea turtle nesting in South and Central America. Because of the morphological processes affecting the beach, the turtle nests are increasingly exposed to the impact of waves and tides, threatening conservation. A study was made to determine the hydrodynamical processes of the zone adjacent to Playa Palmeras, which affects directly the morphodynamical behavior of the beach and thus the preservation of the nests. Field measurements and numerical modeling were used to obtain the general circulation patterns and thermohaline structure behavior in the area in order to determine the spatial and temporal variability of waves and its effects on the beach. A marked seasonality was found, both in the waves and the currents, influenced mainly by the meridional displacement of the ITCZ (Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone) and an interannual variability of the waves, associated with ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation). The flooding levels of the beach were determined and flooding probability maps were made, where safer sites to locate the turtle nests could be identified. These maps serve the officials responsible of monitoring the turtles as a tool to take decisions on moving the nests, since they have flood risk information for any point on the beach. The results show that the middle zone north of the beach is the one with the lowest risk of flooding, therefore the most appropriate zone to relocate nests that are in high risk areas. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (Suppl. 1): 133-147. Epub 2014 February 01.

Playa Palmeras (En el Parque Nacional Isla Gorgona) es uno de los sitios más importantes para la anidación de tortugas marinas en América del Sur y Centroamérica. Debido a procesos morfológicos que afectan la playa, los nidos de las tortugas se han visto cada vez más expuestos al impacto del oleaje y la marea, poniendo en riesgo la conservación de éstas especies. Se llevó a cabo un estudio para conocer los procesos hidrodinámicos de la zona costera en Playa Palmeras, de los cuales depende el comportamiento morfodinámico de la playa y la preservación de los nidos. Se usó modelación numérica y mediciones en campo para conocer la variabilidad espacio-temporal del oleaje y obtener los patrones generales de circulación y la estructura termohalina de la zona. Se encontró un marcado ciclo anual, tanto en el oleaje como en las corrientes, influenciado por la Zona de Convergencia Intertropical (ZCIT) y una variabilidad interanual del oleaje, asociada a El Niño Oscilación del Sur (ENSO). Se estimó la cota de inundación de la playa y se crearon mapas de probabilidad de inundación, identificando los sitios potencialmente más seguros para la anidación. Los resultados muestran que hacia el norte de la playa está la zona de menor riesgo.