ABSTRACT
Background: Central Nervous System [CNS] tumors include brain and spinal cord tumors, where as metastatic tumors are extradural usually
Objective: To know the histopathological pattern of central nervous system tumors reported in Pathology Department Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Pakistan
Methodology: Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Pathology department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Pakistan. Duration: Six years, study from 1[st] January, 2008 to 31[st] December, 2012. Sample Technique: Convenient [non-probability] sampling. Central Nervous System [CNS] biopsy specimen were received in 10% formalin, labeled, gross performed, sections processed in alcohol, xyelen, wax, block prepared, freezed, microtome sections taken and processed for H and E staining, mounted and reported by Histopathologist. The inclusion criteria was any sufficient CNS biopsy specimen of any age, where as the exclusion criteria was insufficient and autolysed biopsy specimen. A minimum of three and maximum of eight 5 micron thick sections were taken from each specimen. Data was entered in SPSS version 15 and analyzed
Results: A total of 106 biopsy specimens were received in pathology laboratory with age range of 09 to 70 years, mean age was 37 +/- 15.18 years. Male to female ratio was 1.55:1. Astrocytoma was the commonest tumor 49 [48%] cases followed by meningioma 22 [21.%] cases and oligodendroglioma 6 [5.6%] cases. Amongst the 49 cases of Astrocytoma the age range was 10 to 66 years with mean age of 37 + 15.93. Male to female ratio was 1.72: 1. Grade I,II,III and IV were 7[14.2%],15[30.3%], 9[19.5%] and were 18 [36.6%] respectively. Amongst the 22 cases of meningiomas age range was 22 to 65 years, 20 [90.9%] cases were grade I meningionas and 2[9.9%] cases were of atypical meningiomas
Conclusion: Astrocytoma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system followed by meningioma and oligodendroglioma
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Tertiary Care Centers , Astrocytoma , Oligodendroglioma , Meningioma , MedulloblastomaABSTRACT
Objective: to determine the frequency and compare the culture yield of bacterial isolation by conventional and blood culture BACTEC bottle techniques in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis [SBP]
Study Design: cross-sectional comparative study
Place and Duration of Study: pathology Department, Bannu Medical College, Bannu, KPK, from January 2012 to December 2013
Methodology: paracentesis of 20 ml of ascitic fluid tapped from cirrhotic patients with SBP was carried out by a single technologist. The analysis included differential leukocyte count [DLC], while 5 ml each of the fluid was inoculated into conventional culture media and BACTEC blood culture bottle. All the data were analysed on [SPSS] version 16 to determine frequencies with percentages and mean values with standard deviation. Chi-square test was used for comparing the yield of conventional and blood culture bottle methods. P-value was considered significant if < 0.05
Results: in 105 cases of ascitic fluid analyses, 27 [25.72%] had positive ascitic fluid culture whereas 78 [74.28%] had negative ascitic fluid culture. Ascitic fluid culture was positive in 6 cases by conventional culture media and in 27 cases by BACTEC culture bottle media [p < 0.001]. Bacterial isolation was obtained by both culture methods in 6 cases [p < 0.001]
Conclusion: direct bedside inoculation of ascitic fluid by BACTEC culture bottle method has better yield as compared to conventional culture method
ABSTRACT
To find out changes in peripheral blood of patients suffering from malaria. Descriptive case series. The study was conducted at Shah Noor Medical Laboratory, Bannu Khyber Pakhtoon khawa from 1[st] May 2014 to 31[st] August 2014. In this study 160 cases of malaria patients were selected by non probability random sampling technique with informed consent of the patients. These patients were subjected to complete blood counts performed by Hematology analyzer Sysmex 21 and manual method using Neubaur's chamber and thick and thin films stained with Giemsa stain to confirm malarial parasite. The data was recorded in preformed designed proforma and was analysed by using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] version 16 for percentages, means and standered deviation. Out of 160 patients 93 [58%] were males and 67 [41.87%] females. Most 59 [36.8%] were in the age range of 1-10 years. Plasmodium vivax found in 135 [84.3%] and Plasmodium falciparum in 25[15.6%] cases. Minimum total leukocyte count [TLC] was 1300/cmm and maximum was 19500/cmm, Low Hemoglobin level was 4.50 g/dl and high value was 15.20 g/dl. Platelets minimum count was 35000/cmm and maximum was 590000/cmm. Anemia was present in 103 [64.37%], thrombocytopenia was present in 65 [40.62%], leucopenia was present in 34 [21.25%], bicytopenia was present in 24 [15%] and Pancytopenia was found in 5 [3.12%] of cases, where as high TLC was encountered in 6 [3.75%] cases. This study shows that person suffering from malaria have significant changes in blood morphology especially cytopenias causing morbidity and mrtality needs special attention regarding accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment to avoid the complications
ABSTRACT
Background: Endometrial curettage is one of the commonest invasive gynecological procedure in reproductive as well as post reproductive age in abnormal uterine bleeding
Objective: To determine the histological types of endometrial lesions in curettage specimens, of women having abnormal uterine bleeding
Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in Bannu Medical College from 1[st] March 2011 to 31[st] May 2014. A total of 170 endometrial curettings were included in the study. The inclusion criteria was sufficient endometrial specimen from women of any age with abnormal uterine bleeding, where as the exclusion criteria was insufficient curetting specimen. A minimum of one sections and a maximum of three sections were taken from the endometrial specimen. Sections 5 micron thick were prepared and stained with H and E and reported by histopathologist. The data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 17
Results: A total of 170 endometrial specimens were included in this study with age range from 21 to 73 years. The most common age group encountered was 31-40 years, in which 67[39%] cases of endometrial specimen were noted. The common histological lesion were secretory phase endometrium 54 [31.7%] followed by proliferative phase 47 [27.6%], retained product of conception 16 [9.41%], endometritis 13 [7.64%] and endometrial polyp 12 [7.05%]
Conclusion: This study showed that that endometrial curettage is a significant diagnostic tool in identification of the lesion leading to abnormal uterine bleeding in any age patients