ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) can show abnormal structures and shape of condyle, including thickened cortical bone and abnormal bone mineral density (BMD), which are closely associated with temporomandibular osteoarthrosis. How to identify the imaging changes of osteoarthrosis is a foundation to make correct diagnosis and treatment. However, there is still a lack of study on physiological changes of condyle in people with different ages and sexes.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the age-related changes of condyle using CBCT in poplulations with different ages and sexes.METHODS: CBCT data of 883 patients without temporomandibular osteoarthrosis were collected, and then divided into 22 groups by age (7-8, 9-10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26-27, 28-29, 30-35,36-40, 41-45), and the BMD of each point at the surface of condyle was measured using examvision software and analyzed statistically.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As age increases, the BMD of the anterior point and apex was increased and reached a peak, then kept on a stable stage, while showed a decreased tendency after 40 years old. The BMD of the posterior point was increased until a peak and then decreased, and became stable after 30 years old. The BMD of the anterior point and apex both was higher than that of the posterior point in male and female patients. The BMD of each point in females all was higher than that in males. Our results suggest that there are age-related changes in condyle BMD. The BMD on the functional surface is higher than that on the nonfunctional surface. Besides, the condyle development of in males is later than that in females, and all above findings provide reference for the diagnosis of temporomandibular osteoarthrosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the skeletal structure features of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients with sleep bruxism. Methods CBCT scanning was performed in the intercuspal position in 30 patients with sleep bruxism (sleep bruxism group) and 30 health adults (normal group). The reconstruction of TMJ images were analysed by Invivo5 software. Measurements of horizontal section include antero-posterior diameter, medial-lateral diameter and axial angel. Measurements of sagittal section include acetabulum depth, aricular eminence inclination, anterior space, superior space and posterior space. Measurements of coronal section include force angle. Results There were no significant differences in both sides of TMJ between sleep bruxism group and normal group(P>0.05). Compared with control group, there were significant differences in antero-posterior diameter, medial-lateral diameter, acetabulum depth, anterior space and force angle in sleep bruxism group (P<0.05). There were decreased antero posterior diameter, me?dial-lateral diameter and increased acetabulum depth, anterior space and force angle in sleep bruxism group than those of control group. Conclusion The bilateral bone stuctures of TMJ are basically symmetry in patients with sleep bruxism. There is no significant change in condylar position in acetabulum , but there is a trend of absorbtion of anterior space and de?crease of condyle in patients with sleep bruxism.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS) combined with portable sleep monitor (PM) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods The questionnaire of ESS was used to evaluate 156 patients with snoring,and then line PM check,monitoring apnea hypoventilation index (AHI),oxygen reduction index (ODI),the lowest oxygen saturation (LSpO2),average blood oxygen saturation (MSpO2).Results One hundred and twenty-four patients were diagnosed to be OSAHS and 32 patients be simple snore by PM in 156 patients.A total of 124 cases,including mild 42 cases,moderate 47 cases,severe 35 cases.There were significant difference in ESS score,AHI,ODI,LSpO2 and MSpO2 between OSAHS in various degrees and patients with simple snore [simple snore:(5.8 ± 2.9) scores,(3.2 ± 1.3) times/h,(3.3 ± 2.6) times,0.911 ± 0.121,0.973 ± 0.132;mild OSAHS:(9.7 ± 3.5) scores,(12.8 ± 23.3) times/h,(14.2 ± 5.7) times,0.875 ± 0.083,0.902 ± 0.095 ; moderate OSAHS:(12.9 ±4.8) scores,(27.6 ± 4.5) times/h,(25.6 ± 6.1) times,0.816 ± 0.069,0.851 ± 0.071 ;severe:(16.1 ± 5.2)scores,(43.6 ± 7.6) times/h,(38.6 ± 7.8) times,0.701 ± 0.061,0.795 ± 0.063] (P ＜ 0.05).With the severity of OSAHS increased,ESS score,AHI,ODI increased gradually,LSpO2,MSpO2 gradually declined,there were statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).ESS score was positively correlated with AHI and ODI (r =0.42,0.51,P ＜ 0.05),and negatively correlated with LSpO2 and MSpO2 (r =-3.70,-4.50,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is a good relativity between ESS score and the monitoring index of PM.Combination of ESS with PM could be used as a primary diagnostic method in patients with OSAHS,especially in primary-care hospitals.