ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effects of Baduanjin and balancer exercise on motor and non-motor symptoms for patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From May, 2017 to September, 2018, 31 patients with PD were collected from the inpatients, outpatients and outside of our hospitals. The patients accepted Baduanjin and balancer exercise successively, three weeks for each exercise, and were assessed with Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) part I, II, III and IV, and Non-motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) before and after each exercise. Results:Four cases dropped out during Baduanjin exercise. The total score, the scores of part I, II and III of MDS-UPDRS, and NMSS score (t > 3.274, P < 0.01) decreased significantly after Baduanjin exercise. Other three cases dropped out during balancer exercise. The total score and the score of part III of MDS-UPDRS decreased significantly after balancer exercise (t > 2.763, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Baduanjin exercise can improve the motor and non-motor symptoms of mild to moderate PD, but not significant for motor complications; while balancer exercise can improve the motor symptoms, but not significant for non-motor symptoms and motor complications.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To study arboviruses carried by mosquitoes in Liaoning Province in 2002.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 4927 mosquitoes were collected from Liaoning Province in July 2002. Virus strains were isolated by inoculating BHK-21, C6/36 and Vero cells. The newly isolated strains were identified by serological (ELISA and IFA) and molecular methods (Real-Time PCR and RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two strains were isolated from mosquitoes causing cytopathogenic effect (CPE) on cells and were fatal to suckling mice. Serological tests showed that both were positive for the antibody to JEV. The PrM and E gene were cloned and sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the new isolates belonged to genotype I, JEV. Sequence analysis showed that the homology of nucleotide sequences and amino acid (AA) sequences between the two strains was 100%. Compared with the nucleotide sequences between the two strains and the standard JEV vaccine strain SA14-14-2, the difference was up to 4.11%, and the difference of AA was 0.6%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two strains of JEV were isolated and identified in Liaoning province, both belonged to genotype I JEV.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Cell Line , Chlorocebus aethiops , China , Culicidae , Virology , Encephalitis Virus, Japanese , Classification , Genetics , Phylogeny , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Vero Cells , Viral Envelope Proteins , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Mosquitoes were collected in Heilongjiang province in 2002, four virus strains were isolated by inoculation of homogenates onto BHK cell lines. The viruses were identified. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis were carried out by Clustal X (1.8) program.Amino acid (AA) analysis was carried out by GENEDOS (3.2).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Biological characters of four newly isolated strains were examined and it was found that all of them could produce cytopathogenic effect (CPE) in BHK cells, killing sucking mice. Serological tests showed that all of these stains reacted positively to JEV antibodies. PrM and E gene regions were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenic analysis showed that all the newly isolated JEV strains belong to genotype III. Using the vaccine strains (SA14-14-2) as control, analysis of the E gene of the new strains and two JEV strains (47, Ha-3) isolated previously from Heilongjiang province showed that these new strains' nucleotide sequence had a homology of up to 99.9% and the amino acid sequence homology up to 99.8%, respectively. Compared with the standard JE vaccine strain SA-14-14-2 and the four new strains, the nucleotide sequence homology was 97.3% and amino acid sequence homology was between 96.8% and 97.0%, respectively. Compared with vaccine strain, there were seven common variations in all the four newly isolated strains.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Four JE virus strains were isolated in Heilongjiang province. As compared to the vaccine strain, six variations were found in the newly isolated strains at the eight sites relevant to the virulence of the virus.</p>