ABSTRACT
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the transition state between normal aging and AD. There are better detection and treatment methods to screen a population of patients with MCI. Through intervention, the probability of MCI conversion to AD can be significantly reduced. This paper first introduces the concept of cost-effectiveness analysis, reconsiders the concept of cost for the particularity of MCI, and uses QALY to evaluate the health effects of the quality of life. Then measure the health quality of life of elderly MCI population, and use Markov model to study the cost of intervention with traditional Chinese medicine-effectiveness analysis. Finally, according to the QALY measure and CEA results, we draw the conclusion that it's helpful to get early intervention in MCI.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alzheimer Disease , Drug Therapy , Economics , Cognitive Dysfunction , Drug Therapy , Economics , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Economics , Therapeutic Uses , Markov Chains , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , EconomicsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the therapeutic effect of single or combined use of jasminoidin and cholalic acid on focal cerebral ischemia rat with magnetic resonance-diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) technique, ultra-microscopy, and neuro-behavior scoring.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by string method. Three hours after reperfusion, MR-DWI was applied with ultra-microscopy and neuro-behavior test to give evaluation on cerebral ischemic rats, and pathologic, ultramicroscopic observation of tissue were taken as adjuvant measures to comprehensively evaluate the pharmacological effect on ischemia-reperfusion rats and delimit the efficacy of the two different components and their combination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the model group, ADC and DCavg values of the foci in all the treated groups had the incrensing trend. There was significant difference arund the foci in the group of combined use of jasminoidin and cholalic acid (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined use of jasminoidin and cholalic acid had protective effects on nerve and brain. MR-DWI technique accompanied with ultramicroscopic observation of tissues and neuro-behavior test is an effective method for evaluating the effect of neuro-protective agent.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Brain Ischemia , Drug Therapy , Cholic Acids , Therapeutic Uses , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methods , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Gardenia , Chemistry , Iridoids , Therapeutic Uses , Neuroprotective Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , Pyrans , Therapeutic Uses , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reperfusion Injury , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the therapeutic effect and the influence on PI3K-Akt-PKB-BAD-CREB-PCREB pathway in focal cerebral ischemia rat responses before and after treatment with baicalin and jasminoidin given alone or in combination.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rat model of ischemia reperfusion was established with thread. Generally accepted methods were used, including TTC staining, behavior test, as well as micro and ultra microscopy which can dynamically and accurately monitor pathological and physiological changes after cerebral ischemia on earlier period, to evaluate the brain injury induced by ischemia and the attenuations by the drugs. The difference of PI3K-Akt-PKB-BAD-CREB-PCREB expression was detected by western-blot technology.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>The combination of baicalin and jasminoidin composition can be potential neuroprotective agent. TTC staining technology combined with behavior grade and ultrmicro-structure observation on brain tissue is effective method to evaluate protective agent, which is related to signal transduction PI3K-Akt-PKB-BAD-CREB-PCREB pathway. The results provide benofical basis for revealing the complex of therapeutic mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine Qingkai Ling (QKL).</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Behavior, Animal , Brain , Pathology , Brain Ischemia , Metabolism , Pathology , CREB-Binding Protein , Metabolism , Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein , Metabolism , Drug Combinations , Flavonoids , Pharmacology , Gardenia , Chemistry , Injections , Iridoids , Pharmacology , Neuroprotective Agents , Pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt , Metabolism , Pyrans , Pharmacology , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reperfusion Injury , Metabolism , Pathology , Scutellaria , Chemistry , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the pharmacologic mechanism of gardenin in treating cerebral ischemia, by studying its effect on gene expression profile in brain of rats with focal cerebral ischemia (FCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total RNAs were isolated from rats with FCI and those treated with gardenin. The mRNAs were reversely transcribed to cDNA with incorporation of fluorescent Cy5- or Cy3-dUTP to prepare hybridization probes. The PCR products of 4096 genes were spotted on the chip after a serial treatment. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray. Axon Genepix 4000B and GenePixPro 3.0 software were used to scan and analyze the fluorescent signals.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the group treated with gardenin, there were 70 genes had expression profiles different to that in the model group in the focal cerebral ischemic brain tissue, in which 68 were up-regulated and 2 down-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gardenin has regulatory effect on the gene expression in rats with focal cerebral ischemia, which elucidates part of the pharmacologic mechanism of Qingkailing in molecular level.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Brain Ischemia , Genetics , Metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation , Pyridines , Pharmacology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the difference of genes expression profiles between focal cerebral ischemia tissue and that treated with Baicalin using cDNA microarray.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The total RNAs were isolated from rat brains of sham-operation, vehicle (focal cerebral ischemia of rat brain) and baicalin-treated groups. mRNAs were reversely transcribed to cDNA with incorporation of fluorescent dUTP (Cy5 or Cy3 dUTP) to prepare hybridization probes. The PCR products of 4096 genes were spotted on the chip after a serial of treatment. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray. Axon Genepix 4000B and GenePixPro 3.0 software were used to scan and analyze the fluorescent signals.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The expressions of 199 and 12 genes were found up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, in the vehicle group compared with the sham-operation one. But the numbers of genes whose expressions were up-regulated and down-regulated were 89 and 88, respectively, when comparing the gene expression in the Baicalin-treated rat brain with that in the vehicle group. Moreover, one down-regulated and three up-regulated genes in the vehicle group were up-regulated and down-regulated in the Baicalin-treated group, respectively. Expressions of three up-regulated genes in the vehicle group were further reinforced in the Baicalin-treatment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Multiple pathways and nodes may be involved in the pharmacological effect of Baicalin on brain ischemia.</p>