ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Athletic injuries are common in badminton, and the knee joint is the most affected. This type of injury can reduce the athlete's career, and poor treatment can cause secondary injuries during the rehabilitation period, requiring a thorough study of the causes and treatment methods. Objective: Study the causes and rehabilitation methods of knee joint injuries in badminton players. Methods: Junior badminton students and professional players from a university volunteered for a study on the causes of their knee joint injuries and the various types of rehabilitation training they were allocated to. The control group was treated with traditional physical therapy, and the experimental group was treated with slow recovery training under the guidance of doctors and teachers. The experiment lasted 6 weeks, and pain recovery and joint stability index were the main indicators. Results: Knee joint injuries in athletes often occur when performing intense or unfamiliar movements. The scores of the experimental group evolved rapidly during the 6 weeks of rehabilitation. The total stability index before training was 6.3432 ± 0.4647 versus 5.7190 ± 0.3747 after the experiment. Conclusion: Training in the physical rehabilitation of knee joint injuries in athletes has a good effect on pain relief and gain in joint stability, proving to be superior to acupuncture and traditional physiotherapy. Therefore, adding this restorative training protocol to knee joint rehabilitation in athletes is recommended. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: As lesões atléticas são comuns na prática de badminton, sendo a articulação do joelho a mais afetada. Esse tipo de lesão pode reduzir a carreira do atleta e um tratamento precário pode ocasionar lesões secundárias durante o período de reabilitação, exigindo um estudo minucioso das causas e métodos de tratamento. Objetivo: Estudar as causas e os métodos de reabilitação sobre as lesões articulares do joelho em jogadores de badminton. Métodos: Estudantes de badminton júnior e profissionais de badminton de uma universidade foram voluntários de um estudo sobre as causas de suas lesões articulares do joelho e os diversos tipos de treinamento de reabilitação a que foram alocados. O grupo de controle foi tratado com fisioterapia tradicional, e o experimental foi tratado com treinamento de recuperação lenta sob a orientação de médicos e professores. O experimento durou 6 semanas, a recuperação da dor e o índice de estabilidade articular foram os indicadores principais. Resultados: As lesões articulares no joelho dos atletas ocorrem frequentemente ao realizar movimentos intensos ou não familiares. A pontuação do grupo experimental evoluiu rapidamente durante as 6 semanas de reabilitação. O índice de estabilidade total antes do treinamento foi de 6,3432 ± 0,4647 contra 5,7190 ± 0,3747, após o experimento. Conclusão: O treinamento na reabilitação física das lesões articulares nos joelhos dos atletas tem um bom efeito no alívio da dor e ganho na estabilidade articular, revelando-se superior à acupuntura e à fisioterapia tradicional. Portanto, é recomendada a adição deste protocolo de treinamento restaurador à reabilitação na articulação do joelho em atletas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: Las lesiones atléticas son frecuentes en la práctica del bádminton, siendo la articulación de la rodilla la más afectada. Este tipo de lesión puede reducir la carrera del deportista y un tratamiento deficiente puede provocar lesiones secundarias durante el periodo de rehabilitación, lo que exige un estudio exhaustivo de las causas y de los métodos de tratamiento. Objetivo: Estudiar las causas y los métodos de rehabilitación de las lesiones de la articulación de la rodilla en jugadores de bádminton. Métodos: Estudiantes de bádminton junior y profesional de una universidad se ofrecieron como voluntarios para un estudio sobre las causas de sus lesiones articulares de rodilla y los distintos tipos de entrenamiento de rehabilitación a los que fueron asignados. El grupo de control fue tratado con fisioterapia tradicional, y el grupo experimental fue tratado con entrenamiento de recuperación lenta bajo la dirección de médicos y profesores. El experimento duró 6 semanas, y los principales indicadores fueron la recuperación del dolor y el índice de estabilidad articular. Resultados: Las lesiones de la articulación de la rodilla en los deportistas suelen producirse al realizar movimientos intensos o desconocidos. Las puntuaciones del grupo experimental evolucionaron rápidamente durante las 6 semanas de rehabilitación. El índice de estabilidad total antes del entrenamiento era de 6,3432 ± 0,4647 frente a 5,7190 ± 0,3747 después del experimento. Conclusión: El entrenamiento en la rehabilitación física de lesiones articulares de rodilla en atletas tiene un buen efecto en el alivio del dolor y la ganancia de estabilidad articular, demostrando ser superior a la acupuntura y la fisioterapia tradicional. Por lo tanto, se recomienda añadir este protocolo de entrenamiento restaurativo a la rehabilitación de la articulación de la rodilla en atletas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
ABSTRACT
In order to study the resistance of Neisseria (N.) gonorrhoeae to the fluoroquinolone and detect mutation patterns of quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of clinical isolates in Shanghai,China,a total of 80 clinical isolates of N.gonorrhoeae were consecutively collected from Shanghai.The MIC of fluoroquinolone for the isolates was examined by using the agar dilution method and the mutation profiles of the QRDRs of gyrA and parC were analyzed by sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).Chi-square test was used for comparison of the mutation patterns.The results showed that:(1) High percentages of the 8 isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (95.0%),ofloxacin (95.0%) and lomefloxacin (97.5%),only one strain was susceptible to the ciprofloxacin.(2) Sensitive strains had a substitute of Asp95→Ala in the gyrA,and all isolates that were resistant or intermediated to the ciprofloxacin,had a double mutation in the gyrA (Set91,Ala 92 and Asp95).Some strains also had a mutation in the parC.(3) The MICs of these isolates were significantly associated with the mutation patterns in the gyrA and parC.A double mutation of gyrA combined with parC87 mutation was a predominant pattern in Shanghai and could mediate high level resistance to ciprofloxacin.It suggests that mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC .may be re-sponsible for the fluoroquinolone resistance.And fluoroquinolone could not be used as the first line antibiotics for gonorrhea treatment any more in Shanghai,China.