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@#Introduction: Ageing is commonly linked with physical inactivity. This review was performed to identify the factors associated with participation in physical activity among older adults in Malaysia. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using five databases; Pubmed, Sagepub, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Science Direct. Observational and intervention studies published between January 2010 and December 2020 were included, with Malaysian older adults aged 55 years and older being the main subject. Results: A total of 9 articles were included in the review. Analysis was guided by the Social Ecological Model for Health Promotion. The review had successfully identified gender, age, education level, health reasons, ethnicity and attitude as intrapersonal factors, social support (friend) and marital status as interpersonal factors, and locality as well as availability of facilities as environmental factors. Conclusions: Physical activity participation among Malaysian older adults were mainly determined by intrapersonal factors, particularly gender, health condition and educational level.
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Objective@#To investigate the health-related quality of life and its influencing factors among urban adults in Hangzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for formulation and assessment of health policy. @*Methods@#A total of 1 800 permanent residents at ages of 18 to 64 years were sampled from Gongshu and Xihu districts, Hangzhou City using a stratified cluster random sampling method from May to August 2022. The health-related quality of life was measured with the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), and factors affecting health-related quality of life were identified with a Tobit regression model.@*Results@#A total of 1 624 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a response rate of 90.22%, and the respondents included 693 men (42.67%) and 931 women (57.33%). The proportions of difficulty in mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression were 1.23%, 0.43%, 0.74%, 11.15% and 8.56%, and the median (interquartile range) of health state utility value and EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) score were 1 (0) and 90 (15) points, respectively. Female (β=-0.050), age of 45 to 64 years (β=-0.067) and development of chronic disease (one chronic disease: β=-0.036; two and more chronic diseases: β=-0.090) were factor affecting of health state utility values, and age of 35 to 44 years (β=-1.945) and 45 to 64 years (β=-3.459), unemployment (β=-1.913), development of chronic disease (one chronic disease: β=-3.444; two and more chronic diseases: β=-8.529), high-level physical activity (β=2.355) and overweight/obesity (β=-1.456) were factors affecting the EQ-VAS score. @*Conclusions @#The overall health related quality of life is relatively good among urban adults in Hangzhou City. Gender, age, employment, physical activity, presence of chronic diseases and overweight/obesity may be associated with health-related quality of life among urban adults in Hangzhou City.
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Objective@#To investigate the relationship between daily outdoor activity time both on and off campus and respiratory symptoms of junior middle school students, then to provide evidence for the prevention of respiratory diseases in adolescents.@*Methods@#In 2016, two middle schools were selected in Wuhan，in which a total of 860 eighth grade students were surveyed, generalized linear analysis was conducted by SAS 9.4 software. @*Results@#Average outdoor activity time out of campus during weekdays in boys and was (1.84±2.30) hours, which was higher than in girls (1.51±1.99) hours (t=2.19, P<0.05). Average outdoor activity time in campus in boys was (1.74±1.50) hours, which was significantly higher than that of girls (1.49±1.20) hours (t=2.68, P<0.05). According to the results of generalized linear analysis, after controlled for gender, age and self-perceived physical condition, the longer the time adolescents spent outside the classroom during weekday, the less likely they were to have symptoms of throat and nasal cavity(estimated value=-0.06,-0.07, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Adolescents who spend more time outside the classroom during weekday can effectively prevent the occurrence of respiratory related diseases.
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Objective:To analyze the pathogenesis, clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of the malakoplakia for the purpose of avoiding misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Methods:Clinicopathological features of four malakoplakia patients admit-ted to the Shanxi Cancer Hospital from March 2007 to March 2017 were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and spe-cific stain technology, combining with a review of literature. Results:The onset age of the 4 patients (two males and two females) ranged 56-76 years (median:63 years). Two patients had malakoplakia in bladder;one patient had malakoplakia in bilateral ureters;and one case had malakoplakia in right pelvic. One patient has a history of systematic lupus erythematosis and diabetes. Malakoplakia is characterized by the accumulation of foam cells and concentrically-layered basophilic inclusions called Michaelis-Gutmann (M-G) bodies. The foam cells were positive for CD68 and PGM-1 by immunohistochemistry, indicating its derivation from the histocyte. M-G bodies were positive for periodic acid-Schiff reaction, iron, and calcium by specific staining technology. Conclusion:Malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory condition and a common urinary tract disease, but it may involve any organ with non-specific symptoms and can form tumor-like nodules that clinically simulate malignancy in various organs. Clinicopathological features can be used as diagnostic markers in malakoplakia diagnosis through specific stain technology.
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Objective To compare the efficacy and comfort of oral polyethylene glycol at different time for painless colonoscopy preparation. Methods According to time of oral compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder, 173 painless colonoscopy patients were divided into group A, group B and group C. Patients in group A took 4 boxes of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for colonic preparation at 22:00 on day 1 before the check, the time of painless colonoscopy is 8:30 ~ 10:30. Group B patients took 1 box of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for colonic preparation at 20:00 on day 1 before the check and took 3 boxes at 5:00 am on check day, the time of painless colonoscopy is 10:30 ~ 12:30. Group C patients took 1 box of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for colonic preparation at 20:00 on day 1 before the check and took 3 boxes at 7:00 am on check day, the time of painless colonoscopy is 13:30 ~ 15:30. At last, we compare the colon cleanliness and comfort of patients among the three groups. Results There was no significant difference in instetinal cleanliness among the 3 groups (P > 0.05), but there was greatly significant difference in subjective tolerance among 3 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The 3 methods of having boxes of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte power all have the satisfying effect for colonic preparation, but fractionated dose polyethylene glycol electrolyte power provides a better tolerance for bowel preparation of painless colonscopy.
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Objective:To analyze the pathogenesis, clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of the malakoplakia for the purpose of avoiding misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Methods:Clinicopathological features of four malakoplakia patients admit-ted to the Shanxi Cancer Hospital from March 2007 to March 2017 were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and spe-cific stain technology, combining with a review of literature. Results:The onset age of the 4 patients (two males and two females) ranged 56-76 years (median:63 years). Two patients had malakoplakia in bladder;one patient had malakoplakia in bilateral ureters;and one case had malakoplakia in right pelvic. One patient has a history of systematic lupus erythematosis and diabetes. Malakoplakia is characterized by the accumulation of foam cells and concentrically-layered basophilic inclusions called Michaelis-Gutmann (M-G) bodies. The foam cells were positive for CD68 and PGM-1 by immunohistochemistry, indicating its derivation from the histocyte. M-G bodies were positive for periodic acid-Schiff reaction, iron, and calcium by specific staining technology. Conclusion:Malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory condition and a common urinary tract disease, but it may involve any organ with non-specific symptoms and can form tumor-like nodules that clinically simulate malignancy in various organs. Clinicopathological features can be used as diagnostic markers in malakoplakia diagnosis through specific stain technology.
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Objective To compare the efficacy and comfort of oral polyethylene glycol at different time for painless colonoscopy preparation. Methods According to time of oral compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder, 173 painless colonoscopy patients were divided into group A, group B and group C. Patients in group A took 4 boxes of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for colonic preparation at 22:00 on day 1 before the check, the time of painless colonoscopy is 8:30 ~ 10:30. Group B patients took 1 box of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for colonic preparation at 20:00 on day 1 before the check and took 3 boxes at 5:00 am on check day, the time of painless colonoscopy is 10:30 ~ 12:30. Group C patients took 1 box of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for colonic preparation at 20:00 on day 1 before the check and took 3 boxes at 7:00 am on check day, the time of painless colonoscopy is 13:30 ~ 15:30. At last, we compare the colon cleanliness and comfort of patients among the three groups. Results There was no significant difference in instetinal cleanliness among the 3 groups (P > 0.05), but there was greatly significant difference in subjective tolerance among 3 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The 3 methods of having boxes of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte power all have the satisfying effect for colonic preparation, but fractionated dose polyethylene glycol electrolyte power provides a better tolerance for bowel preparation of painless colonscopy.