Simultaneous Determination of Pyrrolidine Alkaloids and Their Nitrogen Oxides in Farfarae Flos by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

<b>Objective::To establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of 15 pyrrolidine alkaloids (PAs) and their nitrogen oxides, and determine the content of the 15 PAs in the 15 batches of Farfarae Flos samples obtained from different sources, in order to understand the distribution status of these 15 PAs in Farfarae Flos from different sources, and provide relevant references for the safe and rational use of this medicinal materials. <b>Method::The method was achieved by Agilent Eclipse Plus C₁₈ column (3.0 mm×150 mm, 1.8 μm) using a mobile phase made up of 0.05%formic acid and 2.5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate in water (A)-0.05%formic acid and 2.5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate in methanol(B). The flow rate and the injection volume were 0.4 mL·min^-1 and 2 μL, respectively. The column temperature was 40 ℃. The instrument was Agilent 1290-6470 QQQ ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quaternary bar mass spectrometer. The components were detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode by mass spectrometry with ionizationmode of ESI⁺. The content of the components measured in the samples was calculated by using the external standard method, and the difference between samples was analyzed based on RSD of different components. <b>Result::The established method had a high sensitivity and good separation degree. The results of methodological investigation met the requirements. The results showed that all of the 15 batches of Farfarae Flos contained PAs and their nitrogen oxides. These PAs had almost the same types of structure. There were significant differences in the content and distribution of PAs in Farfarae Flos obtained from different sources. <b>Conclusion::In general, Farfarae Flos contains pyrrolidine alkaloids and their nitrogen oxides. Senkirkine with a significant hepatotoxicity is the main compound. The content determination of PAs will provide scientific fundaments for the safe and effective use of Farfarae Flos.

Investigation and research of fatigue due to military operation in the recruits during training period / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the occurrence of fatigue as a result of military operation and sleep quality of recruits during period of training. Methods The Modified Fatigue Rating Scale (MFIS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to conduct the survey of over 500 recruits undergoing basic military training. The aim of the survey was to analyze the relationship between their sleep quality and the occurrence of military fatigue. Results The mean fatigue score of the 500 recruits was 23.55. The physical fatigue score was 12.52, which was obviously higher than that of mental fatigue, which was 11.02 (P<0.05). MFIS-13 (always feeling muscle weakness), MFIS-21 (more frequent or longer rest necessary), and MFIS- 10 (difficult to keep physical strength for a long period) ranked highest in the 21 items of the MFIS, and all of them indicated physical fatigue. Among the recruits, mild symptoms of fatigue accounted for 51% (255/500), which was the highest percentage. The incidence of moderate fatigue was 4.6% (23/500), and no severe fatigue was reported. Among the participants, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was higher than 7 in 190 recruits (38%) and it was reflected as prolonged sleep latency and poor quality of sleep. A positive correlation between score of sheep quality and fatigue scores (P<0.05) was found. Conclusions Poor sleep quality of the recruits may be one of causes of fatigue occurrence, and the aggravation of fatigue can affect sleep quality. Therefore, the management and regulation of sleep quality of the recruits should be emphasized in order to reduce military fatigue.