ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical pathological features and imaging findings of primary pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma. Methods Fifteen patients with a pathologically verified primary pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively. Fourteen patients had CT examinations and I0 of them had contrast-enhanced CT scan. Nine patients had chest plain films. Results Of 15 patients, 14 were peripheral and 1 was central, diameters ranging from 2.5 cm to 9.5 cm. Five located in the upper, 3 in the middle and 4 in the lower lobe of the right lung. The other 3 located in the upper left lobe. All cases presented with a spheroid solid lung mass on chest plain film and CT examinations. Three had irregular eccentric cavities. Six were well demarcated, 2 were ill defined, 4 were lobulated and 3 were speculated. The central case had obstructive pneumonia and showed ill defined. Ten showed irregular peripheral heterogeneous contrast enhancement. The center part of the tumor showed no enhancement or inhomogeneous enhancement. Seven had thoracic wall or pleural invasion, 4 had hilar or mediastinal lymphopathy and 2 had metastasis. Histopathologically, 8 were pleomorphic carcinoma, 2 were spindle cell carcinoma, 3 were giant cell carcinoma and 3 were pulmonary blastomas. Conclusion The X-ray and CT findings of the primary pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma are not specific. The clinicopathologic features were the evidence of diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To improve the recognition and diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). Methods Six subjects (2 males and 4 females, ranged in age from 12 to 66 years ) with XLH of 3 generations in one family were investigated and studied. All cases were proved by clinical biochemistry tests. Plain film of skull, hands and wrist joints, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, pelvis, knee joints and tibiofibulae were performed in 2 selected patients.Results The clinical features were characterized by short stature, bowing deformity of the lower extremity, pain in bone and article and hypophosphatemia. The pathognomonic X-ray finding were: (1) limb deformity bow tibia, gonyectyposis or gonycrotesis with "O" shaped or "X" shaped legs; (2) enlargement of bone end, articular surface hazy with cytic degeneration; (3) Looser zone and bony septum in lower limbs; (4) flared metaphysis with brush change; (5) signs of bone turn over; (6)coarse or reticulated trabecula of cancellous bone; (7) spongy transformation of cortical bone; (8) double-framed vertebral body and cotton wool appendage signs; (9) rarefied zone beneath epiphysis in ilium; (10) brush appearance of symphysis pubis and sacroiliac joint; (11) flat or triangle shaped pelvic outlet; (12) multiple teeth droped. Conclusion The diagnosis of XLH can be established by close combination of radiologic findings and clinical manifestations.