ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes and significance of early immune response in specific T cell with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) patients. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from whole blood of 8 cases of healthy individuals (healthy group) and 24 cases of IPA patients (IPA group, including 6 cases of pathological diagnosis, 9 cases of clinical diagnosis and 9 cases of tentative diagnosis), and the heat-inactivated Aspergillus fumigatus spores (Conidia) was used as an antigen to stimulate PBMCs produce Aspergillus-specific T lymphocytes. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secreation, type and ratio of cytokine synthesis was examined. Results In IPA group, dot enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISPOT) showed that the positive rate of IFN-γin pathological diagnosis patients and clinical diagnosis patients (5/6,7/9) was higher than that in tentative diagnosis patients (3/9). The positive rate of IFN-γin IPA group was 62.5%(15/24), in healthy group was 0 (0/8), and there was significant difference (P<0.05). The levels of CD4+T and CD4+T/CD8+T in IPA group were 0.202 0±0.085 6 and 1.01±0.34, in healthy group were 0.3853±0.1265 and 1.55±0.41. The levels of CD4+T and CD4+T/CD8+T in IPA group were significantly lower than those in healthy group ( P<0.05 or<0.01). The level of CD 8+T in IPA group was 0.298 5±0.069 1, and in healthy group was 0.257 6±0.102 6. The level of CD8+T in IPA group was 05). Conclusion Conidia as antigen can induce the specific Th1-type immune response of IPA, and display the immune status of the IPA patients, and can provide new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and assessment of the disease.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), as one of anticoagulant drugs, has been used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with prethrombotic state, but the specific use time is unclear. The aim of the study is to observe the effect of LMWH at two different periods of prethrombotic state in COPD in rats and to find the optimal time to use LMWH.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control, raised for 55 days without any treatment; COPD control without LMWH, cigarette inhalation plus intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide and hypodermic injection of normal saline once a day for 10 days; COPD control given LMWH 150 U/kg subcutaneous injection, once a day for 10 days starting day 15 (LMWH-d15); COPD control given LMWH 150 U/kg subcutaneous injection, once a day for 10 days starting day 29 (LMWH-d29).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparing LMWH-d15 with LMWH-d29, plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity, von Willebrand factor, serum fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and fibrin D-dimer were each significantly reduced; but thrombin plasminogen activator increased significantly whilst arterial PO2 and PCO2 improved significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The better time to use LMWH is the time when coagulation and fibrinolytic indices begin to change in COPD.</p>