Analysis of phenotype formation mechanism of a new variety of Lonicera japonica Flos "Huajin 6" at long bud stage / 药学学报

Based on the long bud stage phenotype of a new Lonicera japonica Flos variety "Huajin 6", using "Huajin 6" and "Da Mao Hua" as materials, probing the mechanism of its phenotype formation. Detection of endogenous Jasmonic acid hormones (JAs) content; the genes related to jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis were identified by transcriptome analysis of Lonicera japonica; flower buds and flowers of "Huajin 6" and "Da Mao Hua" were collected at different periods, and the qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR) technique was used to analyze the trend of the expression of synthesis-related enzyme genes in Lonicera japonica Flos during the bud stage. The study found that the content of JAs in "Huajin 6" Lonicera japonica Flos was significantly lower than that in "Da Mao Hua"; applying exogenous methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) to "Huajin 6" can restore its flowering phenotype, making it close to wild type Lonicera japonica Flos; there are significant differences in the expression of two allene oxide synthase genes (AOS), three lipoxygenase genes (LOX), and two allene oxide cyclase genes (AOC) in the flowers and buds of "Huajin 6" and "Da Mao Hua" at different periods. It is hypothesized that the low expression of JA synthesis-related enzyme genes in " Huajin 6" leads to the blockage of JA synthesis, which causes the formation of the long bud phenotype. This study laid a certain foundation for the genetic breeding of Lonicera japonica, provided a new idea for the improvement of Lonicera japonica varieties, and provided a reference for the study of JAs in plant flower organs.

Research progress of sleep disorder assessment scale in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Sleep disorder is a common problem that damages the quality of life in the elderly.At the same time, it is also related to the occurrence and development of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and other diseases.With the progress of aging in China, the sleep problems of the elderly have attracted more and more attention.Based on the sleep characteristics of elderly and the clinical manifestations of sleep disorders, this paper expounds the current situation using sleep disorders assessment scale, and puts forward the urgent need for independent development of sleep disorder assessment scale suitable for the elderly in China.

Near-infrared targeted probe designed for intraoperative imaging of prostatic neurovascular bundles / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the imaging effect of a near-infrared fluorescent targeted probe ICG-NP41 on the neurovascular bundles (NVB) around the prostate in rats.@*METHODS@#A near-infrared fluorescent targeted probe ICG-NP41 was synthesized. An animal model for NVB imaging was established using Sprague-Dawley rats (250-400 g). Experiments were conducted using a custom-built near-infrared windowⅡ(NIR-Ⅱ) small animal in vivo imaging system, and images collected were processed using ImageJ and Origin. The fluorescence signal data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism. The signal-to-background ratio (SBR) for NVB was quantitatively calculated to explore the effective dosage and imaging time points. Finally, paraffin pathology sections and HE staining were performed on the imaging structures.@*RESULTS@#Except for rats in the control group (n=2), right-sided NVB of the rats injected with ICG-NP41 (n=2 per group) were all observed in NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence mode 2 h and 4 h after administration. At 2 h and 4 h, average SBR of cavernous nerve in 2 mg/kg group in fluorescence mode was 1.651±0.142 and 1.619±0.110, respectively, both higher than that in white light mode (1.111±0.036), with no significant difference (P>0.05); average SBR of 4 mg/kg group in fluorescence mode were 1.168±0.066 and 1.219±0.118, respectively, both higher than that in white light mode (1.081±0.040), with no significant difference (P>0.05). At 2 h and 4 h, the average SBR of 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg groups in fluorescence mode were higher than that of the control group (SBR=1), the average SBR of the 2 mg/kg group was higher than that of the 4 mg/kg group, and all the above with no significant difference (P>0.05). The average diameter of the nerve measured by full width at half maxima method was about (178±15) μm. HE staining of paraffin sections showed the right major pelvic ganglion.@*CONCLUSION@#The near-infrared fluorescent targeted probe ICG-NP41 can be used for real-time imaging of the NVB around the prostate in rats, providing a potential feasible solution for localizing NVB in real time during nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy.

Anatomy of the original short head of biceps-muscular structure / 解剖学报

Objective To analyze and describe the morphological characteristics of the proximal origin of the biceps brachii, and measure the anatomical data of its tendons, so as to provide references for related clinical applications of the biceps brachii. Methods Six adult shoulder specimens (4 on the left and 2 on the right) were dissected to observe the origin, morphology, and course of the biceps brachii tendon and its adjacent relationship with the coracobrachialis muscle, musculocutaneous nerve and other structures. And then the length, width, and thickness of the biceps tendon were measured. Results The origin of the short head of biceps consisted of muscle fibers attaching directly to the tip of the coracoid process, with a thin, tendinous aponeurosis covering its anterior surface, rather than a true tendon as previously described. The mean of length,widths and thickness of the short head of biceps were (107.7±9.6) mm,(20.0±1.5)mm and (5.8±2.0)mm. Conclusion The short head of the biceps brachii is directly from the coracoid process with muscle fibers.

Research progress of endothelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in fibrotic diseases / 中国药理学通报

Fibrosis is a repair response initiated by tissues and organs after injury, and is a self-protection mechanism of the body. It has been found that endothelium-to-interstitial transdifferentiation (EndMT) is involved in the physiological and pathological processes of various organ fibrosis, which has become a focus of the research on fibrotic diseases. In recent years, the study has found that EndMT plays an important role in many pathological processes in cardiovascular system, lungs, kidneys, liver, pancreas fibrosis, and so on. This article summarizes EndMT regulatory mechanism and its role in each organ fibrosis, as well as the related treatment progress of EndMT targets, so as to provide new targets for prevention and control of organ fibrosis.

Study on preventive and therapeutic effect of Tongbu-fangchan prescription on Ach-CaCl / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore he preventive and therapeutic effects of Tongbu-fangchan prescription on aceylcholine-calcium chloride (Ach-CaCl

Clinical and etiological characteristics of infectious vulvovaginitis in children in Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2019 / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics, common pathogens in children with vulvovaginitis. Methods: This was a retrospective cases study. A total of 3 268 children with vulvovaginitis were enrolled, who visited the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2009 to December 2019. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the age of <7, 7-<10 and 10-18 years. Patients were also divided in to 4 groups according to the season of first visit. The pathogen distribution characteristics of infective vulvovaginitis were compared between the groups. Their clinical data were collected and then analyzed by χ2 test. Results: The were 3 268 girls aged (6.2±2.5) years. There were 1 728 cases (52.9%) aged <7 years, 875 cases (26.8%) aged 7-<10 years, and 665 cases (20.3%) aged 10-18 years. Of these cases, 2 253 cases (68.9%) were bacterial vulvovaginitis, 715 cases (21.9%) were fungal vulvovaginitis and 300 cases (9.2%) were vulvovaginitis infected with other pathogens. Bacterial culture of vaginal secretions was performed in 2 287 cases, and 2 287 strains (70.0%) of pathogens were detected, of which the top 5 pathogens were Streptococcus pyogenes (745 strains, 32.6%), Haemophilus influenzae (717 strains, 31.4%), Escherichia coli (292 strains, 12.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (222 strains, 9.7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (67 strains, 2.9%). Regarding different age groups, H.influenzae was the most common in children under 7 years of age (40.3%, 509/1 263), S.pyogenes (41.9%, 356/849) was predominantly in children aged 7 to 10 years, and E.coli was predominant in children aged 10 to 18 years (26.3%, 46/175). Susceptibility results showed that S.pyogenes was susceptible to penicillin G (610/610, 100.0%), ceftriaxone (525/525, 100.0%), and vancomycin (610/610, 100.0%); the resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin were 91.9% (501/545)and 90.7% (495/546), respectively. For H.influenzae, 32.5% (161/496) produced β-elactamase, and all strains were sensitive to meropenem (489/489, 100.0%) and levofloxacin (388/388, 100.0%), while 40.5% (202/499) were resistant to ampicillin. Among E.coli, all strains were sensitive to imipenem(100%, 175/175). The resistance rates of E.coli to levofloxacin and ceftriaxone were 29.1% (43/148) and 35.1% (59/168), respectively. A total of 48 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were isolated with a proportion of 28.3% (45/159) in 3 268 patients. The results of drug susceptibility test showed that all MRSA strains were sensitive to linezolid 100.0% (40/40), vancomycin (45/45, 100.0%), and tigecycline (36/36, 100.0%); the resistance rates of MRSA to penicillin G, erythromycin and clindamycin were 100% (45/45), 95.6% (43/45) and 88.9% (40/45), respectively. All methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains were sensitive to oxacillin (114/114, 100.0%), linezolid (94/94, 100.0%), vancomycin (114/114, 100.0%), and tigecycline (84/84, 100.0%); it's resistance rates to penicillin G, erythromycin and clindamycin were 78.1% (89/114), 59.7% (68/114) and 46.5% (53/114), respectively. The drug resistance rate of MSSA to penicillin G, erythromycin and clindamycin were lower than those of MRSA (χ²=11.71,19.74,23.95, respectively, all P<0.001). Conclusions: The age of consultation for pediatric infectious vulvovaginitis is mainly around 6 years. The most common pathogens are S.pyogenes, H.influenzae and Escherichia coli. Third generation cephalosporins can be used as the first choice of empirical anti-infection drugs. However, the results of drug susceptibility should be considered for targeted treatment.

Association Analysis Between Methylation of SCARB1 Gene Promoter and Coronary Heart Disease / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the relationship between scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) gene promoter methylation and the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Methods A total of 120 patients with coronary heart disease treated in Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2018 to May 2020 were selected as the case group,while 140 gender and age matched healthy participants were randomly selected as the control group for a case-control study.The methylation status was detected by high-throughput target sequencing after bisulfite converting,and the methylation of CpG sites in the promoter region of SCARB1 gene was compared between the two groups. Results The case group showed higher methylation level of SCARB1+67 and lower methylation level of SCARB1+134 than the control group (both P<0.001),and the differences remained statistically significant in men (both P<0.001) and women (both P<0.001).The overall methylation level in the case group was lower than that in the control group [(80.27±2.14)% vs.(81.11±1.27)%;P=0.006],while this trend was statistically significant only in men (P=0.002). Conclusion The methylation of SCARB1 gene promotor is associated with the pathogenesis and may participate in the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease.

Effect of moxibustion on plaque psoriasis complicated with obesity / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion combined with coptis chinensis ointment sealing on plaque psoriasis complicated with obesity.@*METHODS@#A total of 52 patients of plaque psoriasis complicated with obesity were randomized into an observation group (26 cases) and a control group (26 cases, 2 cases dropped off). Coptis chinensis ointment sealing was adopted in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, moxibustion was applied at ashi point (area of local target lesions), Zhongwan (CV 12) and bilateral Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Quchi (LI 11), Tianshu (ST 25), Shangjuxu (ST 37) in the observation group. The treatment was given 30 min each time, once a day for 4 weeks in both groups. The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score, obesity related indexes (body mass, waist circumference, body mass index [BMI]), triglyceride, cholesterol, uric acid and plasma glucose were compared before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the PASI scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01), and the PASI score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); the body mass, waist circumference, BMI, triglyceride, cholesterol, uric acid and plasma glucose were decreased compared with those before treatment in the observation group (P<0.01, P<0.05), the triglyceride and cholesterol in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 53.8% (14/26) in the observation group, which was superior to 20.8% (5/24) in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion combined with coptis chinensis ointment sealing can effectively improve the clinical symptoms in patients of plaque psoriasis complicated with obesity.

Acupuncture at "umbilical four-acupoints" for chronic insomnia and its comorbid symptoms / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of acupuncture at "umbilical four-acupoints" on chronic insomnia and its comorbid symptoms.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 patients with chronic insomnia were randomly divided into an observation group (60 cases, 8 cases dropped off) and a control group (60 cases, 5 cases dropped off). The patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture at regular acupoints (Baihui [GV 20] and bilateral Shenmen [HT 7], Neiguan [PC 6], Anmian [Extra]) and "umbilical four-acupoints", while the patients in the control group were treated with acupuncture at regular acupoints. Acupuncture was given once a day, 6 times a week, for a total of 3 weeks in the two groups. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), insomnia severity index (ISI) scores were observed before treatment, after treatment and in follow-up of one month after treatment completion; the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), fatigue severity scale (FSS), and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores were observed before and after treatment; the sleep parameters of polysomnography (PSG), including sleep latency (SL), awake-up time (AT), sleep efficiency (SE) and total sleep time (TST), were observed before and after treatment using polysomnography monitor in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those before treatment, the PSQI and ISI scores in both groups were reduced after treatment and in follow-up (P<0.05), and the PSQI and ISI scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment and in follow-up (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the BAI, BDI, FSS and ESS scores in both groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05), and the BAI, BDI, FSS and ESS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the SL and AT in both groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05), while SE and TST were increased after treatment (P<0.05); after treatment, the SL and AT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while SE and TST in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of regular acupoint selection, acupuncture at "umbilical four-acupoints" could improve sleep quality, alleviate the severity of insomnia, and improve the comorbid symptoms i.e. anxiety, depression, fatigue and lethargy in patients with chronic insomnia.

Effective substances and mechanism of Yishen Guluo Mixture in treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis based on metabolomics and serum pharmacochemistry / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to investigate the effective substances and mechanism of Yishen Guluo Mixture in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis(CGN) based on metabolomics and serum pharmacochemistry. The rat model of CGN was induced by cationic bovine serum albumin(C-BSA). After intragastric administration of Yishen Guluo Mixture, the biochemical indexes related to renal function(24-hour urinary protein, serum urea nitrogen, and creatinine) were determined, and the efficacy evaluations such as histopathological observation were carried out. The serum biomarkers of Yishen Guluo Mixture in the treatment of CGN were screened out by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis, and the metabolic pathways were analyzed. According to the mass spectrum ion fragment information and metabolic pathway, the components absorbed into the blood(prototypes and metabolites) from Yishen Guluo Mixture were identified and analyzed by using PeakView 1.2 and MetabolitePilot 2.0.4. By integrating metabolomics and serum pharmacochemistry data, a mathematical model of correlation analysis between serum biomarkers and components absorbed into blood was constructed to screen out the potential effective substances of Yishen Guluo Mixture in the treatment of CGN. Yishen Guluo mixture significantly decreased the levels of 24-hour urinary protein, serum urea nitrogen, and creatinine in rats with CGN, and improved the pathological damage of the kidney tissue. Twenty serum biomarkers of Yishen Guluo Mixture in the treatment of CGN, such as arachidonic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine, were screened out, involving arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerol phosphatide metabolism, and other pathways. Based on the serum pharmacochemistry, 8 prototype components and 20 metabolites in the serum-containing Yishen Guluo Mixture were identified. According to the metabolomics and correlation analysis of serum pharmacochemistry, 12 compounds such as genistein absorbed into the blood from Yishen Guluo Mixture were selected as the potential effective substances for the treatment of CGN. Based on metabolomics and serum pharmacochemistry, the effective substances and mechanism of Yishen Guluo Mixture in the treatment of CGN are analyzed and explained in this study, which provides a new idea for the development of innovative traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of CGN.

The mechanism of S100A7 inducing the migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of S100A7 inducing the migration and invasion in cervical cancers. Methods: Tissue samples of 5 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and 3 cases of adenocarcinoma were collected from May 2007 to December 2007 in the Department of Gynecology of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of S100A7 in cervical carcinoma tissues. S100A7-overexpressing HeLa and C33A cells were established with lentiviral systems as the experimental group. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to observe the cell morphology. Transwell assay was taken to detect the effect of S100A7-overexpression on the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the mRNA expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin and fibronectin. The expression of extracellular S100A7 in conditioned medium of cervical cancer cell was detected by western blot. Conditioned medium was added into Transwell lower compartment to detect cell motility. Exosomes were isolated and extracted from the culture supernatant of cervical cancer cell, the expressions of S100A7, CD81 and TSG101 were detected by western blot. Transwell assay was taken to detect the effect of exosomes on the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Results: S100A7 expression was positively expressed in cervical squamous carcinoma and negative expression in adenocarcinoma. Stable S100A7-overexpressing HeLa and C33A cells were successfully constructed. C33A cells in the experimental group were spindle shaped while those in the control group tended to be polygonal epithelioid cells. The number of S100A7-overexpressed HeLa cells passing through the Transwell membrane assay was increased significantly in migration and invasion assay (152.00±39.22 vs 105.13±15.75, P<0.05; 115.38±34.57 vs 79.50±13.68, P<0.05). RT-qPCR indicated that the mRNA expressions of E-cadherin in S100A7-overexpressed HeLa and C33A cells decreased (P<0.05) while the mRNA expressions of N-cadherin and fibronectin in HeLa cells and fibronectin in C33A cells increased (P<0.05). Western blot showed that extracellular S100A7 was detected in culture supernatant of cervical cancer cells. HeLa cells of the experimental group passing through transwell membrane in migration and invasion assays were increased significantly (192.60±24.41 vs 98.80±47.24, P<0.05; 105.40±27.38 vs 84.50±13.51, P<0.05) when the conditional medium was added into the lower compartment of Transwell. Exosomes from C33A cell culture supernatant were extracted successfully, and S100A7 expression was positive. The number of transmembrane C33A cells incubated with exosomes extracted from cells of the experimental group was increased significantly (251.00±49.82 vs 143.00±30.85, P<0.05; 524.60±52.74 vs 389.00±63.23, P<0.05). Conclusion: S100A7 may promote the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transition and exosome secretion.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Five Indoles or Indazole Amide Synthetic Cannabinoids in Suspected E-Cigarette Oil by GC-MS / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To establish the GC-MS qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for the synthetic cannabinoids, its main matrix and additives in suspicious electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) oil samples.@*METHODS@#The e-cigarette oil samples were analyzed by GC-MS after diluted with methanol. Synthetic cannabinoids, its main matrix and additives in e-cigarette oil samples were qualitatively analyzed by the characteristic fragment ions and retention time. The synthetic cannabinoids were quantitatively analyzed by using the selective ion monitoring mode.@*RESULTS@#The linear range of each compound in GC-MS quantitative method was 0.025-1 mg/mL, the matrix recovery rate was 94%-103%, the intra-day precision relative standard deviations (RSD) was less than 2.5%, and inter-day precision RSD was less than 4.0%. Five indoles or indazole amide synthetic cannabinoids were detected in 25 e-cigarette samples. The main matrixes of e-cigarette samples were propylene glycol and glycerol. Additives such as N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropyl butanamide (WS-23), glycerol triacetate and nicotine were detected in some samples. The content range of synthetic cannabinoids in 25 e-cigarette samples was 0.05%-2.74%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The GC-MS method for synthesizing cannabinoid, matrix and additive in e-cigarette oil samples has good selectivity, high resolution, low detection limit, and can be used for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple components; The explored fragment ion fragmentation mechanism of the electron bombardment ion source of indole or indoxamide compounds helps to identify such substances or other compounds with similar structures in cases.

Application Progress of Objective Audiological Detection Techniques in Forensic Clinical Medicine / 法医学杂志

The qualitative, quantitative, and localization analysis of hearing loss is one of the important contents of forensic clinical research and identification. Pure-tone audiometry is the "gold standard" for hearing loss assessment, but it is affected by the subjective cooperation of the assessed person. Due to the complexity of the auditory pathway and the diversity of hearing loss, the assessment of hearing loss requires the combination of various subjective and objective audiometric techniques, along with comprehensive evaluation based on the case situation, clinical symptoms, and other examinations to ensure the scientificity, accuracy and reliability of forensic hearing impairment assessment. Objective audiometry includes acoustic impedance, otoacoustic emission, and various auditory evoked potentials. The frequency-specific auditory brainstem response (ABR), 40 Hz auditory event related potential, and auditory steady-state response are commonly used for objective hearing threshold assessment. The combined application of acoustic impedance, otoacoustic emission and ABR can be used to locate hearing loss and determine whether it is located in the middle ear, cochlea, or posterior cochlea. This article reviews the application value of objective audiometry techniques in hearing threshold assessment and hearing loss localization, aiming to provide reference for forensic identification of hearing loss.

Mechanism of Zhenwu Decoction in improving renal inflammatory injury in mice with DN of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome by regulating ROCK/IKK/NF-κB pathway / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of Zhenwu Decoction on diabetic nephropathy(DN) mice of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome based on the Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase(ROCK)/IκB kinase(IKK)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) pathway. Ninety-five 7-week-old db/db male mice and 25 7-week-old db/m male mice were fed adaptively for one week. The DN model of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was induced by Dahuang Decoction combined with hydrocortisone by gavage, and then the model was evaluated. After modeling, they were randomly divided into a model group, high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose Zhenwu Decoction groups(33.8, 16.9, and 8.45 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and an irbesartan group(25 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with at least 15 animals in each group. The intervention lasted for eight weeks. After the intervention, body weight and food intake were measured. Serum crea-tinine(Scr), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), fasting blood glucose(FBG), urinary albumin(uALb), and urine creatinine(Ucr) were determined. The uALb/Ucr ratio(ACR) and 24 h urinary protein(UTP) were calculated. Renal pathological morphology was evaluated by HE staining and Masson staining. The levels of key molecular proteins in the ROCK/IKK/NF-κB pathway were detected by Western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), interleukin-10(IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). Compared with the blank group, the model group showed increased content of BUN, uALb, and SCr, increased values of 24 h UTP and ACR, decreased content of Ucr(P<0.05), enlarged glomeruli, thickened basement membrane, mesangial matrix proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen fiber deposition. The protein expression of ROCK1, ROCK2, IKK, NF-κB, phosphorylated IKK(p-IKK), phosphorylated NF-κB(p-NF-κB), and phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κB(p-IκB) increased(P<0.05), while the protein expression of inhibitor of NF-κB(IκB) decreased(P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α increased(P<0.05), while the level of IL-10 decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the groups with drug treatment showed decreased levels of BUN, uALb, SCr, 24 h UTP, and ACR, increased level of Ucr(P<0.05), and improved renal pathological status to varying degrees. The high-and medium-dose Zhenwu Decoction groups and the irbesartan group showed reduced protein expression of ROCK1, ROCK2, IKK, NF-κB, p-IKK, p-NF-κB, and p-IκB in the kidneys(P<0.05), increased protein expression of IκB(P<0.05), decreased levels of serum inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α(P<0.05), and increased level of IL-10(P<0.05). Zhenwu Decoction can significantly improve renal function and renal pathological damage in DN mice of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome, and its specific mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory response by down-regulating the expression of key molecules in the ROCK/IKK/NF-κB pathway in the kidney.

Study on metabolism of Pulsatilla saponin in normal and ulcerative colitis model rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE technology / 药学学报

In this study, ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer-MSE (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE) combined with UNIFI analysis platform was used to rapidly analyze and identify the metabolites of hederagenins 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-arabopyranoside (Pulsatilla saponin D) and oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-arabopyranoside (Pulsatilla saponin B7) and hederagenins 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabopyranoside (Pulsatilla saponin BD) in plasma and colonic tissue of normal and ulcerative colitis (UC) rats. The database and analysis methods were established based on the precise molecular weight of compounds, retention time, neutral loss and reported data, and then the final data were obtained by comparing with the blank control group, combining with the deviation and the cracking rule of the compound. The results showed that the glucoses, hydroxylation and dehydroxylation, methylation and demethylation, dehydrogenation, decarboxylation and hydrolysis of saponin D, B7 and BD occurred in the plasma and colon tissues of normal and UC model rats. This study will clarify the metabolic transformation of Pulsatilla saponins D, B7 and BD in rats, determine the prototype components and their metabolites that enter the body, and whether colon injury will affect their metabolism in vivo, so as to explore the possible anti-colitis effective components in the prototype or metabolites of Pulsatilla saponins D, B7 and BD. This experiment was approved by Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University (approval number: Y202227).

Analysis on factors affecting recovery time of older patients undergoing gastroscopy under sedation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the factors affecting recovery time of older patients undergoing gastroscopy under sedation.Methods:A total of 266 older patients undergoing gastroscopy under sedation from August 2021 to September 2021 in Beijing Hospital were studied.Patients' basic information, combined disease, sedation depth, the operation time, sedation and analgesic drug dosage, Self-rating Anxiety scale(SAS)score, incidence of hypoxemia, vasoactive drug dosage and the total recovery time were recorded.The relationship between each variable and the total recovery time was studied by univariate linear regression analysis.The relevant factors of single-factor analysis result(all P<0.05)were analyzed by multilinear regression analysis to understand the influencing factors of the total recovery time. Results:The results of univariate linear regression analysis showed that the total recovery time after sedation was correlated with sex, depth of sedation, concomitant respiratory disease and SAS score( P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed a correlation of the total recovery time with depth of sedation( B=3.494, 95% CI: 1.255-5.734, P=0.003), concomitant respiratory disease( B=5.925, 95% CI: 1.563-10.286, P=0.008)and SAS score( B=0.322, 95% CI: 0.114-0.530, P=0.002), but not with sex.Patients with deep sedation and concomitant respiratory disease had an extended overall recovery time, and the total recovery time was positively correlated with SAS score. Conclusions:Deep sedation, concomitant respiratory disease, and higher SAS score prolong the recovery time of older patients undergoing gastroscopy under sedation.

Analysis of 53 cases of transjugular liver biopsy / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To investigate the practicability and safety of transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB). Methods: Data of 53 cases with transjugular liver biopsy from June 2015 to June 2020 were collected. LABS-100 was used in all patients who underwent transjugular liver biopsy. Among them, 45 cases and eight were biopsied via hepatic vein and intrahepatic segment of the inferior vena cava. The surgical indications, related complications, and postoperative pathological diagnosis were analyzed and summarized. Results: TJLB was successful in all patients, with an average of 2.8 punctures per case. Satisfactory liver tissue and histopathological diagnosis was obtained in all patients. Two cases developed a cervical hematoma that was improved spontaneously, and one patient developed an intrahepatic hematoma that was improved after conservative treatment. Conclusion: TJLB is a practical and safe method for patients with contraindications to percutaneous liver biopsy.

Diagnosis and treatment status of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms: a multi-center study in Hubei Province / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the incidence and treatment of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in Hubei Province. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 7 474 patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in 62 hospitals in 15 cities (state) of Hubei Province in 2019 were collected in the form of network database. There were 4 749 males and 2 725 females. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 17 to 96 years). The hemoglobin value of the first time in hospital and the first day after operation was used as the criterion of preoperative anemia and postoperative anemia. Anemia was defined as male hemoglobin <120 g/L and female hemoglobin <110.0 g/L, mild anemia as 90 to normal, moderate anemia as 60 to <90 g/L, severe anemia as <60 g/L. The t test and χ2 test were used for inter-group comparison. Results: The overall incidence of preoperative anemia was 38.60%(2 885/7 474), and the incidences of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 25.09%(1 875/7 474), 11.37%(850/7 474) and 2.14%(160/7 474), respectively. The overall incidence of postoperative anemia was 61.40%(4 589/7 474). The incidence of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 48.73%(3 642/7 474), 12.20%(912/7 474) and 0.47%(35/7 474), respectively. The proportion of preoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 26.86% (775/2 885), and the proportion of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 14.93% (685/4 589). The proportions of preoperative anemia patients in grade ⅢA, grade ⅢB, and grade ⅡA hospitals receiving treatment were 26.12% (649/2 485), 32.32% (85/263), and 29.93% (41/137), and the proportions of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment were 14.61% (592/4 052), 22.05% (73/331), and 9.71% (20/206). The proportion of intraoperative blood transfusion (16.74% (483/2 885) vs. 3.05% (140/4 589), χ²=434.555, P<0.01) and the incidence of postoperative complications (17.78% (513/2 885) vs. 14.08% (646/4 589), χ²=18.553, P<0.01) in the preoperative anemia group were higher than those in the non-anemia group, and the postoperative hospital stay in the preoperative anemia group was longer than that in the non-anemia group ((14.1±7.3) days vs. (13.3±6.2) days, t=5.202, P<0.01). Conclusions: The incidence of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms is high. Preoperative anemia can increase the demand for intraoperative blood transfusion and affect the short-term prognosis of patients. At present, the concept of standardized treatment of perioperative anemia among gastrointestinal surgeons in Hubei Province needs to be improved.

Anatomical continuity between the iliotibial tract and the fibular myofascial fascia / 解剖学报

Objective To provide evidence for the presence of the lower body fascia chain. Methods Totally 20 cases of Chinese adult femur were selected, and the anatomy was performed to observe the continuity on fascia between periosteal fascia and iliotibial tract (ITT). Judging the generic character and the degree of continuity of them. If there was a significant anatomical continuity between them, the tensile strength of the structure is tested by applying a certain tension to both. Results First, an indirect link between the iliotibial tract and the fibular myofascial fascia was found: in all anatomical lower extremity specimens, the iliotibial bundle (ITT) was structurally connected to the fascial fascia, which was almost inseparable from the fibular fascia. Second, the application of tension to the iliotibial tract (ITT) could cause local movement between the fascia of the calf and the periosteal fascia. Conclusion Iliotibial tract and fibular long muscle fascia are connected firmly. The stability of the connection suggests that it may play a role in the conduction of a certain tension.