ABSTRACT
The CRISPR-Cas9 system is composed of a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and its associated proteins, which are widely present in bacteria and archaea, serving as a specific immune protection against viral and phage secondary infections. CRISPR-Cas9 technology is the third generation of targeted genome editing technologies following zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs). The CRISPR-Cas9 technology is now widely used in various fields. Firstly, this article introduces the generation, working mechanism and advantages of CRISPR-Cas9 technology; secondly, it reviews the applications of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in gene knockout, gene knock-in, gene regulation and genome in breeding and domestication of important food crops such as rice, wheat, maize, soybean and potato. Finally, the article summarizes the current problems and challenges encountered by CRISPR-Cas9 technology and prospects future development and application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology.
Subject(s)
Gene Editing , CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics , Plant Breeding , Crops, Agricultural/genetics , TechnologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from Oenanthe stolonifera against myocardial ischemia and ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.METHODS:Acute myocardial ischemia and ischemical reperfusion injury models were prepared by suture-occluded method.5 min before the onset of ischemia,the rats were injected with ethyl acetate extract from O.stolonifera,then the dynamic ECG change of rats was observed,and the arrhythmia caused by myocardial ischemia and the myocardial infraction size,the arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in plasma were determined.RESULTS:Ethyl acetate extract from O.stolonifera significantly inhibited myocardial ischemia-induced arrhythmia and decreased the myocardial infarction size,significantly inhibited arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion,enhanced SOD activity and decreased the content of MDA in plasma.CONCLUSION:The protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from O.stolonifera against myocardial ischemia and ischemical reperfusion injury in rats is possibly associated to its anti-peroxidation effect.