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Objective To investigate the insecticide resistance levels of adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus to four common insecticides in Guiyang City.Methods Larvae of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus were collected from 8 areas of Guiyang City by larval scoop method from August to September 2015,and raised in the laboratory to adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus.Contact tube method was used to determine the insecticide resistance levels of adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus to four common insecticides,and knockdown rate of 1 h and mortality rate of 24 h recovery were calculated.The resistance level was judged according to the mortality rate:＜ 90％ was in the resistant group (R);90％-＜ 98％ was in the potential resistant group (M);and ≥98％ was in the sensitive group (S).Results The adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus were exposed to 7.70 g/L dichlorvos,3.30 g/L propoxur,0.25 g/L beta-cypermethrin and 0.20 g/L dehamethrin,knockdown rates of 1 h were 57.78％ (52/90)-91.11％ (82/90),86.67％ (78/90)-100.00％ (90/90),23.33％ (21/90)-77.78％ (70/90) and 27.78％ (25/90)-88.89％ (80/90),respectively;and mortality rates of 24 h recovery were 61.11％ (55/90)-94.44％ (85/90),90.00％ (81/90)-97.78％ (88/90),23.33％ (21/90)-73.33％ (66/90) and 21.11％ (19/90)-72.22％ (65/90),respectively.Conclusion Adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in Guiyang City have developed some resistance to four common insecticides,in which the mosquito has a higher resistance to pyrethroid insecticides such as beta-cypermethrin and deltamethrin.
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Objective To get the experience of surgical treatment for diabetic foot (DF) ulcer.Methods Clinical data of 85 patiems (108 limbs in total) admitted in Department of Bum and Plastic Surgery in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan 2010 to Dec 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Wound culture results of the 85 patients were:bacteria in 142 limbs,and fungi in 7 limbs.The main bacteria cultured were staphylococcus aureus,escherichia coli,coagulase negative staphylococcus,enterococcus,pseudomonas aeruginosa,and acinetobacter baumannii.DF healing and Wagner classification was negatively correlated:the higher the class,the less the primary healing rate.The higher amputation rate were found in the higher class patients.The more delayed healing,and the longer the healing time and average hospital stay were also found in the higher class patients.85 patients underwent surgery:skin grafting in 45 cases (52.9％),flap in 8 cases (9.4％),skin repair + flap grafting in 7 cases,toe (limb) amputation in 28 cases,2 cases were sutured after debridement.All cases were cured after one or multiple surgeries.No recurrence was found during the follow-up of 10 days to 2 months.No delayed infection occurred to the repairments.The shape and weight bearing walking function were good.Conclusions The treatment of DF need to follow the principle of multidisciplinary cooperation,professional treatmem,systemic and local treatment.We need to pay attention to the etiology and prevention of the disease,focus on wound bed preparation,choose the best treatment.Early operation can significandy fascilitate wound healing.
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Objective To observe the effects of CD4~+ CD25~+ regulatory T cells ( CD4~+ CD25~+ Treg) on the airway inflammation of asthmatic rats. Methods CD4~+ CD25~+ Treg of OVA- immune tolerance rats were transferred to asthmatic rats. Then bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and cytology study was conducted. The IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ and OVA-specific serum IgE level in BALF were determined by ELISA. The lung tissue was obtained, and histologieal analysis was done through H. E. Results Total cells number, the percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils in BALF, the IL-4 and IL-5 BALF levels and the OVA-specific serum IgE level of adoptive transfer group were decreased ( P < 0.05 ) , and the percentage of eosinophils ( Eos) was significantly lower than that of asthma group ( P < 0.01) , while its BALF IFN-γ level was higher than that of asthma group( P <0. 05). Compared with that of asthma group, peribronchiole inflammatory of treated group was alleviated. Conclusion CD4 ~+ CD25~+ Treg of OVA- immune tolerance rats transferred to asthmatic rats can significantly alleviate the airway inflammation of asthmatic rats.
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Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of extracellular matrixes, including fi-bronectin(FN), and collagen Ⅰ (ColⅠ ) on the immunologic function of human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) passively sensitized with asthmatic serum, and the role of phosphoinosifide 3-kinase (PI3K). Methods Primarily cultured HASMCs were inoculated on the blank plates or on the plates coated with difference matrix proteins, added 10% asthmatic serum to passively sensitized non-asthmatic HASMCs and 10% non-asthmatic serum treated HASMCs as control, cell pretreated with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 for 30 min. The expressions of RANTES, Eotaxin, TGF-β1 mRNA were observed by RT-PCR and RANTES, Eotaxin, TGF-β1 protein in the ceil culture supernatunts was detected by enzyme-linked immtmosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with the control serum group, the expressions of RANTES, Eotaxin, TGF-β1 mRNA of HASMCs and those protein in HASMCs culture supematants were significantly increased in the asthmatic serum group and the control serum + FN group and the control serum + Col Ⅰ group ( P < 0.05 ). The expressions of RANTES, Eotaxin, TGF-β1 mRNA of HASMCs and protein in HASMCs culture superna-tants were significantly increased in the asthmatic serum + FN group and the asthmatic serum + Col Ⅰ group. 50 μmoL/L LY294002 could significantly inhibit the expressions of RANTES, Eotaxin, TGF-β1 mRNA of HASMCs and protein in HASMCs culture supematants(P < 0.05). Conclusion These results suggest ex-tracellular matrixe may regulate immunomodulatory function of HASMCs passively sensitized with asthmatic serum and PI3K signaling pathway may play an important role in the process.
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Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of inhibitory effect of Danshen injection on allergic airway inflamma-tion of asthma. Methods 30 SD rats were random divided into control group, asthma group and Danshen injection group. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and cytology study was conducted. The lung tissue was obtained and pathologic analysis was done through HE staining, lnterleukin-13 (IL-13) and Eotaxin in lung tissue were measured by RT - PCR and immunohistochemistry SP method. Results Compared with the asthma group, less infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissues was observed in the Danshen injection group. Total cell number, the percentage of lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils (Eos) in BALF of Danshen injection group were lower than that of asthma group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The expression of IL-13 and eotaxin in lung tissue of asthma group was higher than that of control group and Danshen injection group (P<0.05). The expression of IL-13 was negatively correlated with eotaxin (r=0.90, P< 0.05). Conclusion Danshen injection could suppress airway inflammation of asthmatic rats, which probably be through decreasing the ex-pression of IL-13 and eotaxin in the lung tissue of asthmatic rats.
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Objective:To explore the sexual behavior of high school students of Beijing and its relationship to parent and peer attachment.Methods:847 students of two high schools in Beijing were investigated with self-designed inventory on sexual behavior and Inventory of Parental and Peer Attachment.Results:The age of first menstruation among girl was 12.7,that of first semen loss of boys was 13.2.3.3% students had sex intercourse(in boys 16/350,in girls 12/497),the average age of them was 16.0.39.1% students had dating experience.The source of sex information came mainly from friends(38.8%),books and newspaper(24.5%),and school education(15.8%).Boys had more positive attitude to sex behavior of peers than girls.Students with safe attachment to parents were more conservative to sex behavior than those with unsafe attachment to parents.They also had less sexual behaviors.Conclusion:Sex behavior and attitude of high school students in Beijing have week association with attachment pattern.