ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of video-assisted mini-thoracoscopy(VAMT) for radical resection of lung cancer.Methods From April 2002 to December 2008,radical resection of lung cancer was performed on 39 patients by VMAT in our hospital.A 1.5-cm and a 7-to 10-cm incision were made during the operation.Both standard surgical instruments and thoracoscopic set were used to treat the pulmonary vessels,perform lobectomy,and remove the lymph nodes in the mediastinum and pulmonary portal.Results The operation was completed in all of the cases.No peri-operative death occurred.The patients received chest drainage for 4 to 7 days after the operation(mean,4.5 days).Post-operative pathological examination showed primary non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in 37 cases,metastatic cancer in 1,and carcinoid in 1.In the 37 patients with NSCLC,9 were stage Ⅰa,13 were Ⅰb,5 were Ⅱa,7 were Ⅱb,2 were Ⅲa,and 1 was Ⅲb.Follow-up was available in 35 patients for up to 2 to 12 months in 4,13 to 24 months in 15,25 to 36 months in 8,37 to 48 months in 6,and 49 to 60 months in 2 cases.Among the 35 cases,totally 4 patients died of tumor recurrence or metastasis,1 patient survived with tumor,and the other 30 survived without tumor.The 1-and 3-year survival rate of stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 100%(21/21) and 91%(10/11) respectively.All of the 3 stage Ⅲ patients died of recurrence or metastasis in 19,11,and 14 months respectively after the surgery.Conclusions VAMT is effective for radical resection of lung cancer in a short term.Combination of traditional procedure and VAMT is safe and reliable for the disease.
ABSTRACT
Purpose The aim is to evaluate the effects of rhIL-11 made in China on hematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in cynomolgus monkeys.Methods Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression of cynomolgus monkeys was made by china iv cyclophosphamide ( 30 mg/kg, qd ) for 5 days, then animals were divided 6 groups(n=4), by sc rhIL-11( 50, 100, 200 μg/kg), or Neumega (GI rhIL-11 control, 100 μg/kg) for 14 days, another normal control and model control. Blood was taken before chemothery and then at day 3, 6,9,12,15,18,21 for blood cell counts and platelet congregate test. Bone marrow was aspirated day 0, 12 and 21 for evaluation of the megakaryocyte ploidy distribution.Results Recovery of blood platelets was accelerated and reached normal levels by day 12, and was higher than normal day 18, day 21 sc rhIL-11 in cynomolgus moneys. Blood platelet congregated rate were 71.4%～74.6% by day 21 and higher than model control . megakaryocytes in bone marrow increased.Conclusion rhIL-11 could accelerate the recovery of peripheral blood platelets in monkeys. The function of increased platelets was normal. The results supported the clinical use of rhIL-11 as a platelet restorative agent to prevent severe thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy.
ABSTRACT
Fifty two adult male rats were selected for the investigation the adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of rat heart by means of histochemical demonstration of catecholamine fluorescence and acetylcholinesterase (ACHE). Consecutive method was employed on the same section to demonstration the relation between the distribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in various parts of rat heart, e. g. atrium, ventricular myocardium, valves, epicardium, endocardium, atrioventricular node and coronary arteries. Adrenergic and cholinergic terminals innervated all parts dually. By comparing the photographs demonstrating the fluorescence CA and AChE on the same section treated by the consecutive method, we found that the location, the density and morphology of both types of nerve terminals were more like. In other words, under light microscopy the localization of both terminals can hardly be distinguished from each other. Such kind of morphological relation may strongly support the results of interaction between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in physiological and pharmacological experiments of heart.In the cardiac ganglia there are some small intense fluorescence ceils (SIF-cells) lying besides the postganglionic cholinergic cells of the parasympathetic nervous system. Both kinds of cells were shown in close contact with each other in the same section with consecutive method. This morphological relation provided an evidence that catecholamine containing SIF-cells may control and regulate the neurotransmission of parasympathetic cholinergic neurons.
ABSTRACT
The stretched preparation of subcutanous tissue of 120 male rats were observed by means of histochemical methods for separate and consecutive demonstration of norepinephrine and cholinesterase (ChE). In addition to adrenergic nerves, there are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) containing nerves surrounding the small arteries and arterioles. AChE is recongnized as a marker of cholinergic nerves in rat subcutanous tissue. After sympathetic gangliectomy, all adrenergic and most of cholinergic nerves disappeared, we suggested that both of them are terminals of sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers. Using the method for the consecutive demonstration of norepinephrine (NE) and AChE, it showed a dual innervation at the same site of an arteriole, most of them are superimposed each other, their distribution were just the same; but the other one third were not. The latter is a separate sympathetic cholinergic system. Whether these superimposed terminals were coming from different neurons and travelling in the Schwann cell or they contained two kinds of neurotransmitters in the same neuron terminal were discussed.By the small arteries and arterioles of rat subcutanous tissue, there were many ChE-positive nerves, which were sensitive to iso-OMPA inhibition. Such thin unmyelineted nerve fibers are mainly non-cholinergic. They showed a variety of free nerve endings in the martrix of connective tissue, and they can be traced, in association with the whole course, to the small spinal nerve trunk that travelling in subcutanous tissue. We consider that these ChE-positive nerves and their terminals are sensory components of cerebrospinal fibers. It has been observed that some of free nerve endings are superimposed with adrenergic paravascular plexus by means of consecutive method.