Blood Test Patterns for Blood Donors after Nucleic Acid Detection in the Blood Center / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the blood test patterns for blood donors after nucleic acid detection in blood center.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The collected blood samples after voluntary blood donors first were detected by conventional ELISA, then 31981 negative samples were detected via HBV/HCV/HIV combined nucleic acid test of 6 mixed samples(22716 cases) or single samples(9265 cases) by means of Roche cobas s201 instrument. The combined detection method as follows: the blood samples were assayed by conventional nucleic acid test of 6 mixed samples, at same time, 6 mixed samples were treated with polyethylene glycol precipitation method to concentrate the virus, then the nucleic acid test of blood samples was performed; the single detection method as follows: firstly the conventional nucleic acid test of single sample was performed, then the positive reactive samples after re-examination were 6-fold diluted to simulate the nucleic acid test of 6-mixed samples. The positive rate of positive samples detected by combined nucleic acid test, positive samples detected by nucleic acid test of mixed virus concentration and positive samples detected by single nucleic acid test was statistically analyzed. In addition, for HBVpersons the serological test yet should be performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 22 716 samples detected by nucleic acid test of 6 mixed samples (MP-6-NAT) , 9 cases were HBV(0.40‰, 9/22716); at same time, the detection of same samples by nucleic acid test of mixed sample virus concentration showed 29 cases of HBV(1.28‰, 29/22716). In 9265 samples detected by single nucleic acid test(ID-NAT) 12 cases showed HBV(1.30‰, 12/9265), meanwhile the detection of these 12 samples with HBVby 6-fold dilution for virus concentration found only 4 samples with HBV. In serological qualified samples, ID-NAT unqualified rate was 1.28‰, which was higher than that of MP-6-NAT(0.4‰) (χ=8.11, P<0.05); but there was no statistical difference between unqualified rate of ID-NAT and MP-6-NAT(1.3‰ vs 1.28‰)(χ=0.00, P>0.05). In 41 samples with HBsAgHBV DNAdetected by ELISA, 36 samples were confirmed to be occult HBV infective(OBI) by HBsAb, HBcAb test of ELISA; out of these 41 samples, 33 samples showed HBcAb(91.66% of OBI), 5 might be HBV "window period" infective, moreover the HCV RNA and HIV RNA positive samples were not found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To avoid the missdiagnosis of donors with low level of virus, the nucleic acid test must be carried out after virus concentration of mixed samples when the blood test pattern of donors is nucleic acid test of mixed samples, otherwise the single nucleic acid test must be performed to obtain more high detected rate of virus nucleic acid. The HBcAb serologic test and physical examination of donors before blood donation must be enhanced on basis of serological test of HBsAg; for high risk people, the persuading no blood donation is simplest pattern.</p>

Quantitative analysis on EB virus DNA in peripheral white blood cell,plasma and serum in patients with hematologic diseases / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To compare the load of EB virus in peripheral white blood cell,plasma and serum in the patients with he-matologic diseases,and to discuss the feasibility of detecting EB virus load by using plasma or serum instead of peripheral white blood cell.Methods Venous blood of 125 patients with hematologic diseases were collected,and peripheral white blood cell,plasma and serum were isolated.The real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the virus load in three kinds samples with the EB virus load in peripheral blood cell as the gold standard.Results Compared to peripheral white blood,the EB virus load in plasma and ser-um showed no statistical difference(P >0.05).Conclusion Using plasma or serum instead of peripheral white blood cell for con-ducting the quantitative detection of the load of EB virus will be a reliable method.

Simultaneous Detection of Three Arboviruses Using a Triplex RT-PCR Enzyme Hybridization Assay / 中国病毒学·英文版

Arboviruses represent a serious problem to public health and agriculture worldwide.Fast,accurate identification of the viral agents of arbovirus-associated disease is essential for epidemiological surveillance and laboratory investigation.We developed a cost-effective,rapid,and highly sensitive one-step triplex RT-PCR enzyme hybridizationassay for simultaneous detections of Japanese Encephallitis virus (JEV,Flaviviridae)Getah virus (GETV,Togaviridae),and Tahyna virus (TAHV,Bunyaviridae) using three pairs of primers to amplify three target sequences in one RT-PCR reaction.The analytical sensitivity of this assay was 1 PFU/mL for JEV,10PFU/mL for GETV,and 10 PFU/mL for TAHV.This assay is significantly more rapid and less expensive than the traditional serological detection and single RT-PCR reaction methods.When “triplex RT-PCR enzyme hybridization” was applied to 29 cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)samples that were JEV-positive by normal RT-PCR assay,all samples were strongly positive for JEV,but negative for GETV and TAHV,demonstrating a good sensitivity,specificity,and performance at CSF specimen detection.

Investigation of Tahyna virus infection among unknown fever cases in Xinjiang, China / 病毒学报

To investigate the infection status and the spatial distribution of Tahyna virus infection among unknown fever cases in Xinjiang, China. Sera samples of unknown fever cases from Kashi in southern Xin-jiang and Yili in northern Xinjiang were tested against Tahyna virus by IFA. Partial positive cases were tested against Tahyna virus/Snowshoe hare virus/Inkoo virus parrelled. Finally, 742 sera samples of unknown fever cases were collected from Kashi, Southern Xinjiang in 2007-2008, the positive rate of IgM antibody against Tahyna virus was 5.3%, the positive rate of IgG antibody against Tahyna virus was 18.3%. 222 sera samples of unknown fever cases were collected from Yili, Northern Xinjiang in 2008, no positive case of IgM antibody against Tahyna was found. 10 cases showed antibody neutralization against Tahyna virus by plaque reduction neutralization test. Our results demonstrate that there is current infection and past infection of Tahyna virus among Southern Xinjiang residents.

Analysis of 32 patients with rectal adenoma undergoing transanal endoscopic microsurgery / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety and outcomes after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM)for rectal adenoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of 32 patients undergoing TEM for rectal adenoma between September 2006 and February 2010 in the Ruijin Hospital were reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The adenoma diameter ranged from 0.6 to 10.0(2.3±1.2) cm. The mean operative time was 70(range,20-180) min. The estimated blood loss was less than 10 ml. There were no conversions to transabdominal procedure. Twenty-two(68.8%) patients underwent suturing of the wound, of whom 14 had full-thickness resection. Two patients had perforation into peritoneal cavity during full-thickness resection, which were repaired by continuous suturing and no postoperative leak occurred. R0 resection was achieved in 31(96.9%) patients. Postoperative pathology showed 12 simple adenomas, 10 adenomas with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 5 adenomas with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 5 T1 focal carcinomas. Complications included rectal bleeding in 1 patient, acute urinary retention in 1 patient, and pulmonary infection in 1 patient. The postoperative stay was 4.5(3-8) days. The patients were followed-up for a period of 23 months(range, 2-43 months). There were 2 tumors recurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TEM is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgical technique for large rectal adenomas.</p>

Sequencing and analysis of the full coding sequence of Batai virus isolated in China / 病毒学报

By RT-PCR and TAIL-PCR, the full coding region of Batai virus isolated in China (YN92-4 strain)was sequenced for the first time. According to the results, the genome of the virus contained three segments S, M and L of 947, 4,371 and 6,860 nucleotides, respectively. The S segment coded a nucleoprotein of 234 amino acids and a nonstructural protein of 102 amino acids, the M and L segments coded a precursor protein of 1 ,435 amino acids and RNA polymerase of 2,239 amino acids, respectively. Compared with the full coding sequence of Batai viruses isolated out of China, the S and M segments of YN92-4 and ON-7/B/01 showed the highest homology in nucleotide and amino acid sequenes with similarity of 97.7% (100%) and 95.7% (98%), respectively. Since there was no full coding sequence information on the L segment in GenBank for the reference, the L segment of YN92-4 was compared with that of Bunyamwera virus and the homology of nucleotide and amino acid was 73.5%and 81.6%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed YN92-4 strain was clustered into one group with the prototype of Batai virus (MM2222). The results suggested that the YN92-4 strain had no occurrance of genetic reassortment (like Ngari virus) and was close to the Batai virus (ON-7/B/01 strain) isolated from cattle serum in Japan.

New type of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus isolated from mosquitoes in China / 病毒学报

0507BS3 virus was isolated from a mixed pool of Culex sp. and Anopheles sp. collected in Kashi, Xinjiang, China. 0507BS3 virus could cause cytopathic effects on C6/36 cells but not on Vero and BHK-21 cells. Viral particles had no envelope and appeared round with diameter of about 60 nm (n = 20). Viral capsid was composed of a single layer and a central core. Capsomeres on the surface of capsid were clearly visible. Electrophoresis of viral genome showed a profile of 10 double stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments. Sequencing of the tenth segment revealed the length of 964bp (GenBank ID: FJ150869). A single open reading frame (ORF) was found and encoded a protein of 275 amino acids with a molecular mass of 30.8kDa. The nucleotide sequence had no similarity with any other viral genomic sequences, but the deduced amino acid sequence significantly matched the polyhedrin genes of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) in some sections. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to compare the polyhedrin gene sequences of all CPV types in GenBank. The tree demonstrated that 0507BS3 virus was only distantly related to the other CPV types and belonged to a new CPV type.

0507JS60 virus isolated in Xinjiang was identified as Liaoning virus / 病毒学报

0507JS60 virus was isolated from a pool of Culex sp. collected in Kashi, Xinjiang, which could be propagated stably on C6/36 cells and caused cytopathic effects continuously. Viral particles had no envelope and appeared round with diameter of about 55nm (n = 10). Capsomeres on the surface of capsid were clearly visible. Electrophoresis of viral genome showed a profile of 12 double stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments. Sequencing of the twelfth segment revealed the length of 760bp (GenBank ID: FJ157354). A single open reading frame (ORF) was found and encoded a protein of 174 amino acids with a molecular mass of 18.9kD. The nucleotide sequence had similarity over 89% with that of LNV, but the deduced amino acid sequence had similarity over 91% with that of LNV. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to compare the corresponding genetic sequences in Seadornavirus. The tree demonstrated that 0507JS60 virus lied in the same branch with LNV and more closely related to LNV-NE9712. 0507JS60 virus was identified as LNV, which was firstly isolated outside the Northeast of China.

Study on the factors influencing suicidal ideation among medical students in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of personality-related health risk factors on suicidal ideation among medical students.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1204 medical students at first grade were selected in Beijing, using random cluster sampling method. Data were obtained through health risk behaviors questionnaire, personality diagnostic questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) and were analyzed by logistic regression method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 12 risk factors selected from single factor analysis, including physical fight, physical abuse, physically forced to have sexual intercourse, sexual risk behaviors, tobacco and alcohol use behaviors, loneliness, bad mood, insomnia, feeling hopeless, higher PDQ-4 score and internet abuse behaviors. Data from Unconditional logistic regression showed that the main risk factors of suicide ideation were insomnia (OR = 4.98), physical abuse (OR = 4.43), sexual risk behaviors (OR = 2.63), bad mood (OR = 2.32), feeling hopeless (OR = 1.98), higher PDQ-4 score (OR = 1.09) in male students; while fighting (OR = 7.10), loneliness (OR = 4.42), physically forced to have sexual intercourse (OR = 4.19), internet abuse behaviors( OR = 1.39) in female students.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Suicidal ideation was associated with various factors, with significant gender difference.</p>

Effects of ginsenoside-Rb on blood lipid metabolism and anti-oxidation in hyperlipidemia rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe effects of ginsenoside-Rb (G-Rb) on total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and anti-oxidation in experimental hyperlipidemia rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Hyperlipidemia rats were respectively given G-Rb 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) ig for twelve days. Total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol and lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents, prostacycline (PGI2), thromboxane (TXA2), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood viscosity were measured. Fat accumulation in liver was also observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in serum, TXA2 in plasma, LPO in serum and liver, and blood viscosity were decreased significantly. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) in serum, PGI2 in plasma and SOD in serum and liver were significantly increased by G-Rb (100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) in experimental hyperlipidemia rats. In addition, G-Rb could decrease TC/HDL-c, LDLc/HDL-c ratio, increase PGI2/TXA2 ratio and inhibit fat accumulation in liver.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>G-Rb could have anti-arteriosclerosis effect by improving cholesterol and lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism, suppressing lipid peroxidation, increasing anti-oxidase activity and PGI2/TXA2 ratio.</p>

Effect of human placental extracton the lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Aim The effect and mechanism of human placental extract(HPE) on the lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism, peroxidation and the function of platelet aggregation in hyperlipaemia rats were abserved.Methods Wistar rat with hyperlipaemia models were given each HPE 0.4 ml (100 g)-1?d-1 through lavage for 12 days.The serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C and HDL2-C in its subgroup were measured.The activies of LPO and SOD in both blood and liver tissue were determined .The effect of HPE on lipidosis of liver were abserved by fat dyeing.The levels of 6-keto-PGF1?,TXB2 in plasma and maximum platelet aggregation rate were measured by ELASA. Result The levels of HDL-C and HDL2-C were increased (P

On Harmonious Physician-Patient Relationship and Hospital Culture Construction / 中国医学伦理学

A harmonious physician-patient relationship is closely correlated with hospital culture construction.This paper explores the correlation from the perspectives of roles in building up decent fame of hospitals,promoting the construction of medical ethics,cultivating a fine humanistic medical atmosphere,strengthening the social responsibility of hospitals,and further clarifies the important function of hospital culture construction in constructing a harmonious physician-patient relationship.