Application of morcellator in transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic anatomical enucleation of the prostate / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the safety and therapeutic effect of morcellator in transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic anatomical enucleation (TUPKAEP) of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 47 patients with BPH receiving TUPKAEP between January and July, 2015 were analyzed. During the operation, morcellator was used to smash the enucleated BPH which was aspirated with subatmospheric pressure in 29 cases, and the tissue was smashed with bipolar electrosurgical loop slicing from top to bottom and aspirated by ellic suction in 18 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>s The procedures were completed successfully in all the 47 cases. The time used for adenoma dissociation was 2.24∓1.09 with morcellator at the speed of 18.43∓6.01 g/min, and was 17.19∓11.74 min with bipolar electrosurgical loop at the speed of 1.91∓0.65 g/min; the mean total operation time was significantly shorter in morcellator group (28.13∓14.71 vs 43.22∓25.39 min). The 2 groups showed no significant difference in postoperative continuous bladder irrigation time, postoperative indwelling time of urinary catheter or postoperative hospital stay.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>s Morcellator is safe and feasible for application in TUPKAEP and helps to shorten the operation time.</p>

Effect of DNA single strand breaks and 8-OHd G production on cadmium-induced toxicity on human embryonic kidney epithelial cells / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of cadmium chloride( CdCl_2) on DNA single strand breaks and the production of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine( 8-OHdG) in human embryonic kidney epithelial cells( HEK cells). METHODS: HEK cells in logarithm growth phase were divided into 5 groups and incubated with the different concentrations of CdCl_2( 0. 0,2. 5,5. 0,10. 0 and 20. 0 μmol/L) for 24,48 and 72 hours in vitro. After harvesting the cells,DNA single strand breaks was tested by single cell gel electrophoresis,and the level of 8-OHdG was measured using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The Olive tail moment was statistically significant in the main effect of CdCl_2 exposed HEK cells( P < 0. 01). Among them,when HEK cells were exposed to 5. 0 μmol / L of CdCl_2,the Olive tail moment began to have a statistical significant increasing trend compared with the 0. 0 μmol / L group( P < 0. 05); when CdCl_2 concentration was 2. 5-10. 0 μmol / L,the Olive tail moment lengthened with the increasing dose of cadmium exposure,showing a doseeffect relationship( P < 0. 05). The tail DNA% was statistically significant in the interaction between exposure treatment and exposure time in HEK cells( P < 0. 01). Among them,when CdCl_2 concentration was at 2. 5-10. 0 μmol / L at 24 hours time point and 5. 0-20. 0 μmol / L at 48 hours time point,the tail DNA% raised with the increasing dose of cadmium exposure,showing a dose-effect relationship( P < 0. 05). The tail DNA% at 3 time points of 24,48 and 72 hours after exposure to 20. 0 μmol / L of CdCl_2 in HEK cells increased with the increasing time of cadmium exposure,showing a timeeffect relationship( P < 0. 05). The level of 8-OHdG had statistical significance in the main effect of CdCl_2 exposure treatment in HEK cells( P < 0. 05). Among them,the level of 8-OHdG was first significantly increased only after exposure to 10. 0 μmol / L CdCl_2 compared with the 0. 0 μmol / L group( P < 0. 05). After treatment with Ca Cl2,there was no doseeffect relationship and time-effect relationship found between the cadmium chloride exposure and tail length as well as the tail / head length ratio and 8-OHdG level. CONCLUSION: To a certain extent,CdCl_2 exposure may cause both DNA single strand breaks and 8-OHdG production in HEK cells. Compared with 8-OHdG,the DNA single strand breaks show more significant change with a lower dose of cadmium treatment,which may be related to its higher sensitivity to cadmium toxicity than 8-OHdG.

Value of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a predictive marker of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the value of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in predicting symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (sPDA) in preterm infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Preterm infants born at a gestational age (GA) of ≤ 32 weeks and diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by echocardiography within 48 hours after birth between June 2014 and April 2015 were selected as subjects. Their clinical manifestations were observed, and serum NT-proBNP levels were measured and echocardiography was performed at 3 and 5 days after birth. The infants were divided into sPDA group and asymptomatic PDA (asPDA) group based on their clinical manifestations and the results of echocardiography. The correlations between serum NT-proBNP level and echocardiographic indices were analyzed. Serum NT-proBNP levels were compared between the two groups. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to determine the sensitivity and specificity of serum NT-proBNP in the prediction of sPDA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 69 preterm infants were enrolled in this study, with 13 infants in the sPDA group and 56 infants in the asPDA group. Serum NT-proBNP level was positively correlated with the diameter of the arterial duct (r=0.856; P<0.05)and the ratio of left atrial diameter to aortic root diameter (LA/AO) (r=0.713; P<0.05). At 3 and 5 days after birth, the serum NT-proBNP levels in the sPDA group were significantly higher than those in the asPDA group (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the prediction of sPDA by NT-proBNP levels at 3 days after birth was 0.949 (95% CI: 0.892-1.000; P<0.001), with a cut-off value of 27 035 pg/mL (sensitivity: 92.3%; specificity: 94.6%); the AUC for the prediction of sPDA by NT-proBNP levels at 5 days after birth was 0.924 (95% CI: 0.848-1.000; P<0.001), with a cut-off value of 6 411 pg/mL (sensitivity: 92.3%; specificity: 92.9%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NT-proBNP may be a quantitative index for shunt volume. The measurement of serum NT-proBNP levels on 3 and 5 days after birth may be useful to predict sPDA in preterm infants.</p>

Effects of fluoride on Fas signal pathway in rat incisor cells / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of fluoride on Fas expression, caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity and apoptosis in rat incisor cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly and provided with distilled water containing NaF at the doses of 0, 10, 50 and 100 mg/L respectively. Each group had 10 animals. Five animals were sacrificed at 60 and 90 days respectively. Fas expression was measured with immunohistochemistry, and colorimetric assay was used to examine caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity with enzyme-labelled meter. The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry in mandibular incisor cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NaF at the doses of 10, 50 and 100 mg/L for 60 d and 90 d caused Fas overexpression, promoted activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8, increased apoptosis rate in mandibular incisor cells. At 60 days, the value of Fas expression was 0.1819 ± 0.0025 for control, 0.2120 ± 0.0084 for 10 mg/L NaF group, 0.2283 ± 0.0183 for 50 mg/L NaF group, 0.2818 ± 0.0233 for 100 mg/L NaF group. At 90 days, the value of Fas expression was 0.2077 ± 0.0289 for control, 0.2216 ± 0.0105 for 10 mg/L NaF group, 0.2377 ± 0.0059 for 50 mg/L NaF group, 0.2775 ± 0.0088 for 100 mg/L NaF group. Statistics analysis yielded close relationship between the dose of NaF in water and the Fas expression, and also between the dose of NaF in water and caspase-3 activities, and the relative coefficient was 0.9728 (60 d, P < 0.01) and 0.9889 (90 d, P < 0.01) for Fas expression, 0.9533 (60 d, P < 0.01) and 0.9849 (90 d, P < 0.01) for caspase-3 activity respectively. Apoptosis rate and caspase-8 activity also had close relationship with the NaF doses, and the relative coefficient was 0.9733 (90 d, P < 0.01) for apoptosis, 0.9928 (90 d, P < 0.01) for caspase-8. At the doses of 10, 50 and 100 mg/L NaF for 60 d and 90 d, obvious relationship was found between Fas expression and caspase-3 activity, and the relative coefficient was 0.9619 (60 d, P < 0.01) and 0.9912 (90 d, P < 0.01). Obvious relationship between Fas expression and apoptosis, between Fas expression and caspase-8 activity was found in groups for 90 d, and the relative coefficient was 0.9841 (P < 0.01) for apoptosis, 0.9767 (P < 0.01) for caspase-8.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fluoride could induce Fas overexpression and mediate caspase activation and apoptosis at the doses of 10, 50 and 100 mg/L for 60 d and 90 d in rat mandibular incisor cells.</p>

Problems and Measures on the Opening of Laboratories / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The opening of laboratories in universities is one of important parts in teaching reform and it is necessary for bringing up high-qualified students.Combined with the practical teaching,we have a primary discussion with the problems of the laborato- ry opening and put forward some suggestions and measures.