IL-6 and TNF-α promote the differentiation of human BMSCs to TFAs by mimicry inflammatory microenvironment / 基础医学与临床

Objective To observe whether BMSCs differentiate into TAFs in inflammatory microenvironment simula-ted by IL-6 and TNF-α.Methods The experiment was divided into 9 groups:the BMSCs group,the 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL IL-6 intervention group, the 50 ng/mL,100 ng/mL TNF-α intervention group, the 50 ng/mL IL-6+50 ng/mL TNF-α intervention group,the 50 ng/mL IL-6+100 ng/mL TNF-α intervention group,the 100 ng/mL IL-6+50 ng/mL TNF-α intervention group and the 100 ng/mL IL-6+100 ng/mL TNF-α intervention group; After continuous induction for 42 days, BMSCs cell morphology and cycle, TAFs-tagged α-SMA and FAP protein were examined by phase-contrast microscope,flow cytometry and Western blot method. Results Compared with the normal control group, the 100 ng/mL IL-6+50 ng/mL TNF-α intervention group BMSC cell proliferation was significantly promoted;G1phase decreased in proportion and S phase increased;α-SMA and FAP protein expression was signifi-cantly increased (P＜0.05).Conclusions Microenvironment simulated by the 100 ng/mL IL-6+50 ng/mL TNF-α may induce the abnormal change of the BMSCs morphological and proliferative characteristics. TAFs reference mole-cule α-SMA and FAP expression is increased.

Protective effects of Angelica sinensis and Angelica sinensis polysaccharides against liver and kidney injury induced by irradiation in rats / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Angelica sinensis and Angelica sinensis polysaccharide against liver and kidney injury induced by irradiation of SD rats.Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,Angelica decoction group and Angelica sinensis polysaccharide group.After 14 days of routine feeding,the rats were treated by intragastric administration once a day for 7 days.From the 8th day,the rats received whole body X-ray irradiation for 2 days.The total absorbed dose was 6Gy,and the dose rate was 92.26cGy/min.The rats were killed and the blood were collected from the femoral artery 3 days after irradiation.The content of superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and lipid peroxide (LPO) in the liver and kidney tissues was detected by colorimetric analysis.The pathological changes of the liver and kidney were observed by HE staining under microscope.The expression of Nrf2 protein in the liver and kidney of the rats was detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with control group,the weight of the liver and kidney significantly increased,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px significantly decreased,the contents of MDA and LPO significantly increased,and the liver and kidney cells showed obvious edema,and the content of Nrf2 in the liver and kidney increased in the model group.Compared with model group,the weight of the liver and kidney decreased,SOD and GSH-Px activities significantly increased,the contents of MDA and LPO significantly decreased,edema of the liver and kidney significantly reduced,the expression of Nrf2 in the liver and kidney tissues decreased in Angelica decoction group and Angelica sinensis polysaccharides group,while there was no difference between Angelica sinensis polysaccharide group and Angelica decoction group.Conclusion Angelica sinensis and Angelica polysaccharides have a good protective effect against liver and kidney injury induced by radiation in SD rats,which is implemented mainly through influencing the expression of free radicals.The protective effect of Angelica against radiation injury is achieved mainly by Angelica polysaccharide.

Rapid analysis on phenolic compounds in Rheum palmatum based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE combined with diagnostic ions filter / 中国中药杂志

Diagnostic ions filter method was used to rapidly detect and identify the phenolic compounds in Rheum palmatum based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE). The representative authentic standards of phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (－)-epicatechin, (－)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate and procyanidin B2, were subjected to analysis by UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE system with negative ion mode. Fragmentation patterns of each standard were summarized based on assigned fragment ions. The prominent product ions were selected as diagnostic ions. Subsequently, diagnostic ions filter was employed to rapidly recognize analogous skeletons. Combined with retention time, accurate mass, characteristic fragments and previous literature data, the structures of the filtered compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. A total 63 phenolic compounds (36 phenolic acid derivatives, 8 flavonoid derivatives and 19 tennis derivatives) in R. palmatum were identified, including 6 potential new compounds. The method of diagnostic ions filter could rapidly detect and identify phenolic compounds in R. palmatum This study provides a method for rapid detection of phenolic compounds in R. palmatum and is expected to complete the material basis of rhubarb.

Clinical analysis of 24 children with plastic bronchitis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of plastic bronchitis (PB) so as to improve the awareness of the disease.Methods Twenty-four children with PB were collected from Jul.2009 to Mar.2012 in Shenzhen Children's Hospital.The clinical manifestation,bronchoscopy,histology of the cast,clinical course and outcome were reviewed retrospectively.Results Of the 24 children with PB,18 cases were male,6 cases were female,and the range of age was 1 year and 2 months to 10 years and 3 months,with the median age of 3 years and 4 months.Three patients had an underlying chronic disease,1 case had asthma,1 case had hydronephrosis,and 1 case had ventricular septal defect repair before 1 year and 8 months.All the cases had fever,cough and sputum,while 10 cases had wheeze,and 5 cases had respiratory distress.All cases were diagnosed as pneumonia or severe pneumonia,of which 14 case had atelectasis,10 cases had parapneumonic effusion,5 cases suspected of foreign body inhalation,3 cases had pneumothorax,and 3 cases had mediastinal hernia.Fourteen cases were admitted to PICU,6 patients developed respiratory failure,and 9 patients required mechanical ventilation.Flexible bronchoscopy and bronchial lavage were performed in all cases and showed bronchial cast.Histological examination of the bronchial cast revealed that fibrinous material containing large quantity of eosinophils,neutrophils,and lymphocytes in 23 patients,and no inflammatory cells in 1 patient.After a bronchial cast was removed,all patients were improved greatly,and no patient dead.Conclusions Plastic bronchitis is a rare pediatric critical disease,which has high mortality.In children with rapid and progressive respiratory distress with lung atelectasis,pleural effusion or consolidation on chest radiograph,PB should be considered.Bronchial endoscopy is the most effective method for treatment of PB.

Clinical analysis of 8 children with plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus (H1N1) infection / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical characteristics of plastic bronchitis associated with 2009 influenza A virus (H1N1) infection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A retrospective investigation of the clinical manifestation, bronchoscopy, and the histology of the cast, clinical course and outcome of 8 children with plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus (H1N1) infection during winter of 2009 and 2010 was performed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>All 8 cases were boys, the range of age was 3 to 6 years. Five cases occurred in 2009 winter, accounting for 3.3% (5/150) of hospitalized children with influenza A (H1N1) infection; 3 cases occurred in 2010 winter, accounting for 15.8% (3/19) of hospitalized children with influenza A (H1N1) infection. Two patients had an underlying chronic disease, 1 had asthma, and the other had allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. All the 8 cases had fever, cough and sputum; 2 had wheezing; 5 had respiratory distress. All 8 cases were diagnosed as influenza A virus (H1N1) infection complicated with pneumonia, of whom 5 patients had atelectasis, 2 had pneumothorax, 1 had pneumomediastinum, 1 had parapneumonic effusion, 2 patients were suspected of foreign body aspiration. Seven cases were admitted to an ICU, 5 patients developed respiratory failure, and 3 patients required mechanical ventilation. Flexible bronchoscopy and bronchial lavage was performed in all cases and showed bronchial cast. Histological examination of the bronchial cast revealed a fibrinous material containing large quantity of eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in 7 patients, fibrinous material and necrotic material without inflammatory cells in 1 patient. After the bronchial cast was removed, all patients were improved greatly, no patients died.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Plastic bronchitis is a life-threatening complication associated with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in children. In children with rapid and progressive respiratory distress with lung atelectasis or consolidation on chest radiograph, plastic bronchitis should be considered. Bronchoscopic extraction of casts should be carried out early.</p>

Clinical and prognostic characteristics of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: a retrospective analysis of 23 cases in a Chinese population / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is the most frequent type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) that primarily involves the lungs. It represents a rare entity accounting for less than 1% of all NHLs and the clinical features have yet to be clearly elucidated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinicopathological features and radiological data of 23 patients with pulmonary MALT lymphoma confirmed by biopsy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2001 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At diagnosis, there were 15 women and 8 men. The median age was 55.1 years (range, 37 - 73 years). One patient had a history of primary Sjoren's syndrome, another patient had a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and secondary Sjoren's syndrome. One patient had a history of previous hematological malignancy (lymphomatoid papulosis in complete remission). In addition, one patient had simultaneous gastric and pulmonary involvement and one patient had simultaneous parotid gland and pulmonary involvement. The other 21 patients had disease localized within the lungs at the initial diagnosis. Among them, 10 patients were asymptomatic while two had non-specific pulmonary symptoms. There were six patients with fever, four patients had low grade fever and two patients had moderate-high fever. The most common manifestations were cough (n = 10), expectoration (n = 8), exertional dyspnea (n = 8), fatigue (n = 7), body weight loss (n = 6) and crackles (n = 6). Blood tests showed low to moderate anemia in six cases, elevated erythrocyte semimentation rate (ESR) in 10 cases and only one patient had elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest revealed bilateral disease in 13 patients, air space consolidation with or without air bronchogram in 15 patients, lung nodules in 15 patients, patchy opacities in eight patients, lung mass in three patients and pleural effusion in five patients. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed multiple nodules in five patients and almost normal morphology in 18 patients. Pathological diagnosis was obtained by bronchial biopsies in three cases, by CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsies in 11 cases and by surgical biopsies in nine cases. Of the 23 patients, one remained untreated, while 22 received various combinations of treatment (surgery alone in three patients, surgery plus chemotherapy in six patients, and chemotherapy alone in 13 patients). Twenty-one patients remained alive during the median follow-up of 23 (0.25 - 84) months, while one patient died from unknown causes, one patient died from lung infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pulmonary MALT lymphoma tends to occur in old-aged females and to be limited to the lungs on the initial diagnosis and LDH's level was normal in most patients. Lung nodules, patchy opacities and air space consolidation were the main HRCT manifestations. Association with immunohistochemical studies, CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsies and surgical biopsies were helpful to the diagnosis. Prognosis for this lymphoma tends to be indolent.</p>

Characteristics of severely and critically ill children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical characteristics of severely and critically ill children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Clinical data of 150 cases with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection confirmed with the use of a real-time polymerase-chain-reaction assay on nasopharyngeal swab specimens were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Among 150 severely and critically ill children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection, 103 were male, 47 were female; the median age was 5 years, 81(55%) were 5 years of age or older; 21 (14%) had underlying chronic diseases. The most common presenting symptoms were fever (95%), cough (89%), vomiting (23%), wheezing (19%), abdominal pain (16%), lethargy (7%), seizures (6%), myalgia (6%), and diarrhea (6%). The common laboratory abnormalities were increased or decreased white blood cells counts (40%), elevated of CRP (33%), LDH (29%), CK (25%) and AST (19%). Clinical complications included pneumonia (65%), encephalopathy (12%), myocarditis (5%), encephalitis (1%) and myositis (1%). All patients had received antibiotics before admission or on admission; 73% of patients had received oseltamivir treatment, 23% of patients had received corticosteroids; 32 (21%) were admitted to an ICU, 13 patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated. Fourteen patients with dyspnea who were irresponsive to the treatment experienced bronchoalveolar lavage with flexible bronchoscopy, and the branching bronchial casts were removed in 5 patients. Totally 145 (97%) patients were discharged, five (3%) died, three previously healthy patients died from severe encephalopathy, one patient died from ARDS, one previously healthy patient died from secondary fungal meningitis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Severely and critically ill children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection may occur mainly in older children without underlying chronic disease. The clinical spectrum and laboratory abnormality of the patients can have a wide range. Neurologic complications may be common and severe encephalopathy can lead to death in previously healthy children. Early use of bronchoalveolar lavage with flexible bronchoscopy may reduce death associated with pulmonary complications.</p>

Digestive system manifestations in children infected with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the digestive system manifestations in children infected with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective study of 153 children infected with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in Shenzhen Children's Hospital from November 2009 to January 2010 was conducted. The clinical features and outcomes of 69 children with digestive system manifestations were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The children presenting with digestive system manifestations accounted for 45% (69 cases) in the 153 hospitalized children with novel influenza A (H1N1) infection. Gastrointestinal manifestations were observed in 50 cases (33%) and liver function abnormality in 19 cases (12%). The incidence rate of coma, neurological complications, increase in creative kinase level, ICU admission, and death in the patients with digestive system manifestations were significantly higher than those without digestive system manifestations (P<0.05). In the 69 patients with digestive system manifestations, 5 died from severe complications and 64 recovered fully. Gastrointestinal manifestations disappeared through 1 to 3 days and abnormal liver function recovered through 4 to 7 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Digestive system manifestations are common in children infected with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus. Neurological system involvements are more common in the patients with digestive system manifestations than those without.</p>