Transcriptional Regulation between CCAT2 and AR in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

AR (androgen receptor) and CCAT2 are two prostate cancer (PCa)-related genes whereas their relationship is not yet reported. AR is the classical major functional gene in PCa progression. CCAT2, a non-coding gene, was identified based on big-data GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) in the year of 2013. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is usually used to treat PCa in the early stage. After persistent androgen deprivation, PCa would generally lead to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), whereas the mechanism is yet unclear. Here we explore the function of AR and CCAT2 in PCa progression, especially their relation in androgen sensitive and insensitive cell model LNCap and DU145. We found a loop between AR and CCAT2 transcription by over-expression and knock-down strategies. In DU145 cells, G-CCAT2 activated AR mRNA level 2. 6 times, while T-CCAT2 inhibited it to 0. 2 times (P<0. 05). In LNCaP cells, G-CCAT2 could activate AR mRNA levels 1. 5 times, and TCCAT2 had no significant effect (P<0. 05). Under overexpression of AR in DU145 cells, the expression of CCAT2 increased 2. 9 times (P < 0. 05). The abundance of CCAT2 decreased to 0. 48 (P < 0. 05) in LNCaP cells by AR knock-down. Reporter gene analysis showed that CCAT2 could function on the AR promoter. We then performed CCK8 assays and AR protein level detection as supplement for the new gene CCAT2 studies. Finally we primarily studied some target genes that are related to AR and CCAT2 . The results showed that the G-CCAT2 transcript could activate AR expression in LNCap cells while UCCAT2 had no significant effect. In DU145 cells, G-CCAT2 exhibited a more relative stronger activation effect on AR, and U-CCAT2 could inhibit AR transcription. AR activates the transcriptional activity of CCAT2 in both cell lines, suggesting a feedback regulation between them. Our data showed that there would be a feedback loop between CCAT2 and AR, which may indicate a new method for PCa treatment.

Association of surfactant protein D gene polymorphisms at rs3088308 and rs721917 with susceptibility to silicosis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of surfactant protein D (rs3088308 and rs721917) and the susceptibility to silicosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This case-control study included 125 silicosis patients and 125 individuals exposed to industrial dust but without silicosis (control group), who were strictly matched with the case group for age, gender, work type and cumulative length of dust exposure. The rs3088308 and rs721917 polymorphisms of surfactant protein-D were detected in all the participants using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of T/T, T/A and A/A genotypes of surfactant protein-D rs3088308 locus were 22.2%, 71.2% and 5.6% in the case group, significantly different from the frequencies of 17.6%, 58.4% and 24.0% in the control group, respectively (P<0.05). The frequencies of C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes of rs721917 locus were 17.6%, 56.8% and 25.6% in the case group, similar to the frequencies of 15.2%, 60.0% and 24.8% in the control group, respectively (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surfactant protein-D rs3088308 polymorphism is significantly associated with silicosis, and the T allele may be a risk factor for silicosis in individuals exposed to industrial dust.</p>

Comparison of three methods of protein extraction from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus for two-dimensional electrophoresis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore an effective method of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus protein extraction suitable for two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were prepared with Coca's solution, lysis buffer of 2-DE, and Trizol reagent, respectively. Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay was used to determine the total protein concentration of the samples. The efficiency of different protein extraction methods were evaluated with 2-DE analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concentrations of extracted protein by methods of Coca's solution, lysis buffer, and Trizol reagent were 0.63 g/L, 0.90 g/L, and 0.80 g/L, respectively. The 2-DE analysis results showed that some protein spots in low molecular weight (LMW) range could be detected with the Coca's solution method. With the lysis buffer of 2-DE method, more protein spots in LMW range could be detected, while the medium molecular weight (MMW) protein spots were absent. Several MMW protein spots (174-178 kD and 133 kD) and more LMW protein spots were detected with Trizol reagent method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Among Coca's solution, lysis buffer of 2-DE, and Trizol reagent, the concentration of extracted protein of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus by lysis buffer of 2-DE is the highest. However, most protein components of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus purified mite bodies can be extracted by Trizol reagent, which may generally reflect the whole profile of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergens.</p>

Distribution of mast cells and its role in the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung disease / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution of mast cells (MC) in colon tissue of Hirschsprung disease (HD) and explore the role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of HD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-one cases of HD (male 23, female 18), age from 2 months to 15 years, and eight age-matched normal cases were enrolled in this study. The distribution of MC in all layers of colon was examined by immunohistochemistry with mouse antihuman mast cell tryptase monoclonal antibody.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The count of MC in all layers of colon aganglionic segments of HD was significantly higher as compared with colon ganglionic segments of HD and normal controls (21.47+/-3.59 vs 3.18+/-0.87, 2.75+/-0.51). The average optical density values(A) of MC in aganglionic and ganglionic segments significantly decreased as compared to normal control (0.38+/-0.10,0.31+/-0.11 vs 0.51+/-0.08).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mast cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HD.</p>

Effect of SiO2 on expression of MMP-9/TIMP-1 in human alveolar macrophages in vitro / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of SiO2 on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in human silicotic alveolar macrophages (AM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human alveolar macrophages were collected from a silicotic patient by bronchoalveolar lavage and exposed to silicon dioxide for 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, 24 h and 36 h. The expression of the MMP-9 in the AM were detected with zymography and immunological method and the expression of the TIMP-1 in the AM with immunological method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of MMP-9 in the AM increased clearly along with the time, reached peak at 24 h when detected with zymography (average optical density: 3.061+/-0.153 vs 2.851+/-0.164, P<0.05); and reached peak at 18h when detected with immunological method (average optical density: 0.386+/-0.037 vs 0.322+/-0.034, P<0.05). The expression of the TIMP-1 in the AM did not vary when detected with immunological method (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SiO2 may affect the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-9 activity in the cultured AM.</p>

Clinicopathologic study of distal 2 cm rectal carcinoma intramural spread over dentate line / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the extent of distal intramural spread of distal 2 cm rectal carcinoma over the dentate line, and to improve quality of life for these patients through providing pathological evidence of operation mode choice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Specimens of thirty patients with rectal carcinoma, operated with ISR(intersphincter resection) or Miles procedure from May 2005 to July 2007, were collected, and their large and histology pathologic slices were examined. Specimens were dissected distally to the dentate line per 2 mm within 1cm and per 5 mm exceed 1cm. The length of distal intramural spread to rectal carcinoma was measured under light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 30 specimens, distal intramural spread over the dentate line was observed only on one case and the invasion length over the dentate line was more than 2 cm, the invasion lengths of the other 29 cases were within the dentate lines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Distal 2 cm rectal carcinomas seldom spread over dentate lines. Anus discomfortableness of these patients and other complications could be reduced through reserving more skin over the dentate line, which are important for the improving of quality of life in these patient.</p>