Influences of three surgical approaches to urethral stricture on the erectile function of the patients / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the impacts of three different surgical approaches to urethral stricture on the erectile function of the patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study included 126 male patients with urethral stricture, 35 treated by substitution urethroplasty (group A), 52 by anastomotic urethroplasty (group B), and 39 by internal urethroplasty (group C). We evaluated the pre- and postoperative erectile function of the patients using IIEF-5 scores by telephone calls and interviews. We also monitored their nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IIEF-5 scores in groups A, B and C were 13.5 +/- 4.5, 11.1 +/- 4.8 and 14.5 +/- 4.41 respectively after surgery, all significantly decreased as compared with 17.1 +/- 2.6, 17.1 +/- 3.0 and 17.6 +/- 2.2 preoperatively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All the three surgical approaches can reduce IIEF-5 scores in patients with urethral stricture, but anastomotic urethroplasty may induce a higher incidence of erectile dysfunction than the other two approaches.</p>

Expression of PIAS2 in testis tissues of patients with different pathological types of azoospermia / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the expression of PIAS2 in the testis tissues of patients with different spermatogenic functions. Methods: Eighty testicular biopsy samples from patients with azoospermia were subjected to pathological diagnosis and were divided into the following groups according to the pathological findings: normal or basically normal spermatogenesis group (n = 40), hypo-spermatogenesis group (HS, n = 20), and sertoli cell-only syndrome group (SCOS, n = 20). Immunohistochemical method (SP) was used to examine the expression of PIAS2 in the testis tissues with different spermatogenic functions. Results: PIAS2 was strongly positive (dark brown) in the spermatogenic cells of different functions. It was weakly positive or absent in the Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. Conclusion: The status of PIAS2 in the testicular tissues is associated with the spermatogenic functions, and it may serve as a potential parameter for predicting of spermatogenic function.

Common failure reasons and improvement ways in treatment of gallstones by choledochoscope in operation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze common problems, failing causes and improvement ways for curing gallstones by choledochoscope in operation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To analyze a case group of 762 individual patients who had undergone choledochoscope operations in the period of Jan, 1995 approximately Sep, 2005.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>136 cases are found with residual stones in the bile duct after the operations. Residual stone rate amounts to 17.8%. 55 patients are known that bile duct stones could not be remove completely during operations. 81 patients are proved that stones still remain in their bile ducts by T-tube cholangiography and choledochoscope after operations. Among them, 29 patients complicate with narrow in intrahepatic bile ducts and debouch of bile ducts, 39 patients complicate with stones of intrahepatic bile and variation of bile duct, 13 patients complicate with stones and narrow at the inferior segment of choledochus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is important to pay attention for bile duct variation and debouch of affection bile duct or inferior segment of choledochus stenosis. B-ultrasound is useful to reduce residual stones in operations. The surgeon should check different lengths of the duct methodically, and use the endoscope to explore the bile duct in order not to omit any stones.</p>