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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the 8 main quality characteristic indexes of fruit-using Chaenomeles speciosa and C. sinensis fruits produced in Chongqing and explore the comprehensive assessment for the fresh eating-quality of the samples based on the theory of fuzzy comprehensive.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The total sugar content, titratable acid content, ascorbic acid content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of fresh samples were determined, and the oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, total flavones and total saponins content of dried sample were determined by HPLC and colorimetry method. The fuzzy probability method was used to comprehensively evaluate their fresh eating-quality of the fruit-using C. speciosa and C. sinensis fruits produced in Chongqing.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The mean SOD activity of C. speciosa and C. sinensis fresh fruits separately was 15.99 U x mg(-1) and 27.40 U x mg(-1), respectively. And the fresh fruit titratable acid content, total sugar content, ascorbic acid content separately was 0.357 g x L(-1), 0.854 mg x L(-1), 1.118 mg x L(-1) and 0.252 g x L(-1), 0.845 mg x L(-1), 1.260 mg x L(-1), respectively. The oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, total flavones and total saponins content was 0.320%, 0.461%, 43.90 mg x g(-1), 23.11 mg x g(-1) and 0.255%, 0.176%, 41.24 mg x g(-1), 15.01 mg x g(-1), respectively. The Chaenomeles speciosa and C. sinensis sample quality mean comprehensive evaluation value was 0.599 and 0.367 based on the fuzzy probability method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The edible quality of fruit-using C. speciosa fruits are better than C. sinensis fruits produced in Chongqing. And the fuzzy probability method could be used to quality comprehensive evaluation of samples containing many trait paramaters.</p>
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid , China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Colorimetry , Fruit , Chemistry , Rosaceae , Chemistry , Superoxide Dismutase , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the infection situation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as well as the mycorrhizal structures of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and the main types and quantities of AMF spores in rhizosphere soil.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The arbuscular mycorrhizal of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were detected by Phillips and Hayman staining. At the same time, some AMF spores were accessed by Gendemann's Wet-screening method and identified by their morphological characteristics.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could infect the roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and formed arbuscular mycorrhizal. Infection rate was from 35.3% to 98.6%, indicating that infection strength was strong. From 10 soil samples collected in Yunnan, 11 Acaulospor species, 7 Glomus species, 3 Gigaspora species and 3 Scutellospora species were isolated and identified, including Acaulospora appendicola, A. brieticulata, A. excavata, A. foveata, A. lacunosa, A. laevis, A. koskei, A. myriocarpa, A. polonica, A. rehmii, A. scrobiculata, Glomus albidum, G. ambisporum, G. deserticola, G. fragarioides, G. luteum, G. microaggregatum, G. multiforum, Gigaspora albida, G. margarita, G. ramisporophora, Scutellospora calospora, S. pellucida and S. gilmorei. Among them, Acaulospora brieticulata was advantage species.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AMF may be a potent biological resource which can stimulate the growth of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.</p>
Subject(s)
Fungi , Physiology , Magnoliopsida , Microbiology , Mycorrhizae , Physiology , Plant Roots , Microbiology , Soil MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Objective To establish the chromatographic fingerprint of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae(RAM) from GAP base at Youyang by HPLC for the quality control.Methods With Symmetry C_(18) colunm(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m),gradient elution was performed by mobile phase containing MeOH-H_2O(65%—100%).The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min and detection wavelength was 254 nm.Eleven batches of RAM from various producing areas were comparatively analyzed to establish a fingerprint.Results(Eleven) Mutual peaks were selected in chromatography.Among the obtained fingerprint,the most of the detected peaks were separated effectively.The accuracy,repeatability,and stability of this method were satisfied.The RSD of relative retention time of mutual peaks which existed in all samples was less than 1%.The results of peak area were in accordance with the request of fingerprint.Conclusion The esta-(blished) fingerprint can be used for the quality control and species identifying of RAM.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of Artemisia annua L. samples planted in different site condition in Chongqing Wulong county and to provide a fast and convenient assaying of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. samples in the industrial development of this Chinese herbal medicine. METHODS: The Artemisia annua L. planted in different site condition in Chongqing Wulong county were sampled during harvesting time, which were subjected to many processing steps such as drying by baking, crushing, microwave extraction and color reaction etc. Then the absorbance of the test liquid was detected by UV-spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 290 nm. Finally Artemisinin content was computed based on the regression curve of standard solution and the quality of the Artemisia annua L. samples was evaluated. RESULTS: The liner concentration range of Artemisinin was 8～40 mg?mL-1 (r=0.999 8) with an average recovery rate of 99.98% (RSD=1.48%, n=9).CONCLUSION: The results showed that site condition did have effect on the quality of Artemisia annua L. to some degree. UV-Vis method is simple, rapid and reproducible, and suitable for the quality control of Artemisia annua L. samples.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Kouyanqing chewable tablet.METHODS: Flos Lonicerae Japonicae, Radix Scrophulariae and Radix Et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae in the tablet were identified by TLC. The content of Chlorogenic acid was determined by HPLC. The chromatographic separation was performed on Hypersil ODS column (150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with mobile phase consistd of methanol-0.8%phosphoric acid solution(19∶81) with a flow rate of 0.8 mL?min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 327 nm. RESULTS: The TLC spots were clear and concentrated. There was a good linear relationship for Chlorogenic acid within the range of 11.3～101.7 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 1). The average recovery was 99.04%(RSD=1.31%,n=9). CONCLUSION: This method is sensitive, accurate, reproducible and specific, and it can be used for the quality control of Kouyanqing chewable tablet.