ABSTRACT
Lao-Xiang-Huang (LXH) of Chaozhou is the processed product of Fructus Citri sarcodactylis.LXH from different producing areas were used as research objects in the study for the establishment of HPLC fingerprints of LXH.Contents of hesperidin and 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin were also determined to provide scientific basis for the establishment of quality standard of LXH.Samples were separated by an Agilent Eclipse XDB C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm) using acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid with water gradient system as a mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 mL· min-1.The injection volume was 20 μL.The detection wavelength was at 283 nm.The results showed that HPLC fingerprint of LXH was established with good separation and repeatability.The similarity evaluation on 27 batches samples of LXH showed that there was a certain similarity on the HPLC fingerprints of LXH.However,there was a certain difference as a whole.Contents of hesperidin and 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin in LXH were simultaneously determined.It was concluded that the established HPLC fingerprint of LXH and content determination of hesperidin and 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin method were accurate,sensitive and repeatable.It provided scientific evidence for the quality control standard of LXH of Chaozhou.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the value of high frequency ultrasound in predicting spontaneous closure of patent duct arteriosus (PDA) in premature neonates. Methods One hundred and seventy premature neonates aged less than 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled. They were all admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Jinhua People′ s Hospital within 24 hours after birth. Echocardiographic examinations was conducted using GE′s Vivid I Portable color Doppler ultrasonography with routine cardiac probe (frequency 1.7-3.4 MHz) and high-frequency transducer (frequency 7.5 MHz). Up to the 7th day, the echocardiography was carried out every day after birth until the closure of PDA .They were divided to two groups according to whether spontaneous closure of PDA took place with in 7 days after birth (the control group) or not (the PDA group). There were 16 premature neonates in PDA group, including 6 male and 10 female. The mean gestational week at birth was (35.3±1.4) weeks. The mean birth weight was (2 330.9±325.5) g. Thirty-two premature neonates were included incontrol group, including 13 male and 19 female. The mean gestational week at birth was (35.0±1.3) weeks. The mean birth weight was (2 337.5±287.8) g. The clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters were compared between the two groups. Results The detection rates of high-frequency ultrasound and routine echocardiography were all 100%. The spontaneous closure rate of PDA in preterm infants at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours were 18.8%(32/170), 61.2%(104/170), 78.8%(134/170) respectively. Within 7 days after birth, the closure rate was 90.6%(154/170), therefore the incidence of PDA in premature neonates was about 9.4%(16/170) in our study. The display rate of entire duct arteriosus using high frequency ultrasound was signiifcantly higher than that using routine ultrasound [82%(39/48) vs 46%(22/48), P0.05). To predict the spontaneous closure of PDA in preterm neonates within 7 days after birth by high frequency ultrasound, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 87.5%, 90.6% and 66.5% respectively using the cutoff point of 1.55 mm. While the sensitivity, speciifcity and accuracy were 75%, 93.7%, 44.15%by routine echocardiography with the cutoff point of 2.36 mm. Conclusions High-frequency ultrasound can conifrm the diagnosis of PDA in preterm infants and it is better than routine echocardiography in depicting the structure of arterial duct. The larger PDA diameter was suggestive of the lower possibility of spontaneous close.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore clinical significance of constriction of fetal ductus arteriosus diagnosed by echocardiography.Methods Seventy-one cases with constriction of fetal ductus arteriosus (DA) and one fetus with premature closure of DA were detected by fetal echocardiography among 2380 singleton fetuses.The echocardiographic characteristics and clinical outcomes were reviewed and analyzed.Results Of 71 cases with constriction of fetal DA,58 cases were found with right heart enlargement,12 cases with tricuspid regurgitation,8 cases with arrhythmia and 1 case with pericardial effusion.The echocardiographic characteristics showed narrowed diameter of DA,dilatation of pulmonary artery and descending aorta was also noted,DA was markedly curved.The peak systolic velocity(PSV) and enddiastolic velocity(EDV) in the ductus arteriosus measured by pulsed Doppler echocardiography increased (PSV≥ 180 cm/s,EDV≥35 cm/s).All cases were confirmed normal by neonate echocardiography.Conclusions Prenatal echocardiography plays important role in diagnosis of constriction of fetal DA.Early diagnosis and intimate follow-up can direct clinician to offer suitable consultation for parents and management for fetuses.
ABSTRACT
Objective To dynamically observe the developing process and characteristics of the chronic intra-hepatic hyperplastic nodule to small hepatoma with ultrasound,and to evaluate the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of small hepatoma.Methods One hundred twenty-two chrome hepatitis cases with HBsAg(+),HBcAb(+)and HBeAg(+)were prospectively examined by two-dimensional ultrasound and three-dimensional reconstruction.Characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional ultrasound and three-dimensional reconstruction were compared with the results of hepatic biopsy.Results Thirty-four of 122 patients developed small hepatoma.The duration between hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis was (6.30±2.31)years,and time of hepatoma changed from liver cirrhosis was (8.01±2.10) years.The intrahepatic hyperplastic nodule,shape of small hepatoma and relationship between tumor and ambient tissue were displayed clearly with three-dimensional ultrasound,and the number of detection with threedimensional ultrasound was much higher than that of two-dimensional ultrasound significantly.Conclusions Dynamic ultrasound examination of the echogenicity change of chronic hepatic lesion caused by HBV is useful for early detection of small intra-hepatic nodule,three-dimensional ultrasound reconstruction may enhance the accuracy in diagnosing small hepatoma.