ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To separate and isolate total flavonoids from Dendrobium nobile leaves, and to investigate its anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity in vitro. METHODS: Total flavonoids were obtained by ultrasonic extraction method and extracted by chloroform, ethyl acetate and butyl alcohol after the obtained extract was dispersed with water. Qualitative analysis was carried out with color reaction and TLC. The content of total flavonoids in extracts was analyzed quantitatively by Aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite method. Antioxidant activity of extract was investigated by DPPH radical scavenging assay; the inhibitory effect of each extract on Aβ42 protein aggregation was investigated by Thioflavin T assay. Metals (Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+) chelating property was studied by UV-vis spectrum scanning to investigate the anti-AD activity in vitro. RESULTS: The flavonoids were found in ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol and aqueous extracts, and their flavonoids contents were 0. 03, 0. 12, 0. 05 mg/mL, respectively. IC50 of three extracts to DPPH free radicals were 0. 021, 0. 011, 0. 013 mg/mL. Inhibitory rates of them to Aβ42 protein aggregation were 43. 77％, 52. 28％, 38. 42％, respectively. Three extracts exerted metal chelating ability which was best in Cu2+. CONCLUSIONS: The total flavonoids from D. nobile leaves have good antioxidant activities, Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activities and metal chelating activity, show certain anti-AD activity in vitro especially in butyl alcohol extract.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To provide evidence for strengthening education and training before clinical practice and employment guidance among pharmacy junior students of our university. METHODS:Anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted for our university. Questionnaire survey included student employment intention and internship units,relationship of internships with employ-ment,the tendency of employment after graduation,personal attitude about pharmaceutical professional development prospect,ex-pected monthly income in the first year of their career,etc. RESULTS:Totally 71 questionnaires were sent out,71 were effectively received. Among all respondents,74.3%(52 students)believed employment intention had great relationship with internship units;24.3%(17 students)thought employment intention had not great relationship with internship units;moreover,one student thought employment intention had no any relationship with internship units. Most students(94.3%,66 students)with good attitude on in-ternships believed it could accumulate work experience;32.9%(23 students) thought they could stay in the internship unit after practice;moreover,17.1%(12 students) believed practice had little effect on employment. Among them,94.0%(63 students) tended to be employed after graduation,and only 6.0% chose a graduate school to continue their studies. Among the students who chose employment after graduation,76.1%(51 students)tended to engage in pharmaceutical related work,while 17.9%(12 stu-dents) tended to be engaged in work nothing to do with pharmacy or self-employed. The majority (69.6%,48 students) believed that pharmaceutical major prospect was general and pharmaceutical major development varied from person to person;17.4%(12 students)thought pharmaceutical major had good prospect and was promising;13.0%(9 students)believed that pharmaceutical ma-jor had no good prospect and didn't know its prospect. Most of the students(78.2%,54 students)expected a monthly income of 2500-5000 yuan in the first year of their career;18.9%expected a monthly income more than 5000 yuan(13 students);the minor-ity expected a monthly income of 1500-2500 yuan or more than 8000 yuan. CONCLUSIONS:The view of students on internship and employment have a certain gap with the social situation. Related departments of colleges and universities need to adjust the thought of students and strengthen guidance.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the uncertainty of the evaluation of determination of hesperidin in Jianwei xiaoshi tablets by HPLC and find out influence factors.METHODS:The content of hesperidin in Jianwei xiaoshi tablets was determined by HPLC and its uncertainty was evaluated according to relevance standards.RESULTS:The uncertain value of each tablet was 0.003 mg.CONCLUSION:The uncertainty of this experiment is mainly caused by nonhomogeneity of sample.