ABSTRACT
Objective:To assess freshmen's perception of medical university learning environment, and to provide evidence and suggestions for the university to improve its learning environment in a targeted way.Methods:From March to April 2020, JHLES (Johns Hopkins University Learning Environment Scale) questionnaires were distributed to 260 freshmen from a military medical university. The influence factors of students' scores were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and general linear model. SAS 9.4 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 244 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 93.85%(244/260). The average score of inclusion and safety dimension was the lowest (2.21±1.08), while the average score of community of peers' dimension was the highest (4.41±0.54). There were significant differences among gender, whether one-child, parents' education level, overall learning environment evaluation and learning interest (all P<0.05). Gender ( P<0.05), learning interest ( P<0.05) and maternal education ( P<0.05) were main influencing factors of students' learning environment perception. Conclusion:Medical universities should further encourage good relationship among students, and enhance students' interest in learning through various measures, especially for female students and students who has relative poorer maternal education.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic colon cancer surgery for patients with end-stage renal disease .Methods:Thirty-one end-stage renal disease patients (continuous hemodialysis) underwent laparoscopic colon cancer surgery from Jan 2014 to May 2019 in Tianjin First Central Hospital compared to 35 colon cancer patients with normal renal function.Result:Compared with the control group, the operation time in laparoscopic group was longer[(187±20) min vs. (174±21) min, t=2.381, P=0.020], the intraoperative blood loss was more[90 (80-110) ml vs. 50(40-60) ml, Z=-6.580, P<0.001], the postoperative drainage volume was more[(417±89) ml vs.(208±67) ml, t=10.858, P<0.001], the postoperative hospitalization time was longer[(13.68±2.10) d vs.(9.09±1.65) d, t=9.918. P<0.001], and the total hospitalization costs were higher[9.2 (8.8-9.6) ten thousand yuan vs. 6.1 (5.8-6.5) ten thousand yuan, Z=-6.976, P<0.001]. There was no significant difference in overall morbidity between the two group (23% vs. 9%, P=0.170). Sixty-one patients (92%) were followed up for a median time of 6 months. One case of liver metastasis was found in each group. Conclusion:Laparoscopic colon cancer surgery can be a safe and effective procedure in patients with end-stage renal disease .
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of hypothermia mechanical perfusion (HMP) preservation on microcirculation injury of isolated pig small intestine.Methods Ten healthy Bama miniature pigs were selected.The experimental animals were randomly divided into two groups.In HMP group (n =5),the intestine of 200 cm in length and corresponding blood vessels were cut and then connected to HMP storage device at 4 ℃ for 6 h.In UW group (n =5),the intestine of 200 cm in length and corresponding blood vessels were cut and then preserve in 4 ℃ UW solution for 6 h.Situ small intestine transplantation was performing when preservation finished.The serum NO and ET-1,the dry-wet ratios of intestine tissue,blood flow velocity of intestinal microcirculation and pathological changes of tissues were detected before and after preservation.Results There was no significant difference in serum ET-1 and NO between HMP group and UW group (P＞0.05) before laparotomy.The levels of serum ET-1 increased and serum NO decreased after 30 min of blood flow opening in the transplanted intestine in both groups,more significantly in UW group.There was no significant difference in dry-wet ratio of small intestine before transplantation between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).When the blood flow was opened for 30 min,the dry wet ratio of small intestine in UW group was significantly lower than that in HMP group.There was no significant difference in blood flow velocity of intestinal microcirculation between the two groups before transplantation (P＞0.05),and the blood flow velocity of the two groups decreased significantly after 30 min of blood flow opening,more significant in UW group (P＜0.05).When the blood flow was opened for 30 min,there was mild edema of the lamina propria in the small intestinal tissue of the HMP group,scattered infiltration of the lymphocytes,no exuviation on the surface of the villi and no capillary congestion;In the small intestinal tissue of the UW group,there were edema and congestion of the intrinsic membrane,infiltration of the lymphocytes,the partial exuviation of the villi epithelial cells,focal erosion of the office,and capillary congestion.Conclusion Compared with cold preservation of UW solution,preservation of pig small intestine by HMP can reduce microvascular damage and alleviate the edema and injury caused by ischemia and hypoxia.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effects of miR-124-ROCK1 signal pathway in the damages of glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs) induced by high glucose.@*Methods@#Rat glomerular endothelial cells were cultured in different glucose concentrations: normal control group (NG: 5.5 mmol/L), high glucose group (HG: 30.0 mmol/L), and cells were treated with ROCK1 inhibitor Y27632, miR-124-3p mimic, miR-124-3p inhibitor. The expressions of ROCK1 activity, cell apotosis and tight junction proteins were detected by Western blot. The cell tight junction protein ZO-1 in those groups were assessed by laser scanning confocal microscope.@*Results@#High glucose significantly decreased miR-124 expression (P<0.01), ROCK1 activity (P-MYPT1/MYPT1), and cell apoptosis (Cleaved-Caspase3/pro-Caspase3) were found increased while the tight junction proteins ZO-1and Occludin were found decreased in these cells (P<0.05 all P<0.01), However, when pretreated cells with ROCK1 inhibitor Y27632, these injuries were significantly reversed. In cells transfected with miR-124-3p mimic, p-MYPT1/MYPT1 was decreased. p-MYPT1/MYPT1 was however increased in cells transfected with miR-124-3p inhibitor (P<0.05), indicating that miR-124 could directly inhibit ROCK1 activity. The increased ROCK1 activity and apoptosis, as well as the decreased tight junction proteins induced by high glucose were significantly suppressed as miR-124-3p mimic transfected in GEnCs.@*Conclusions@#According to our experiments, high glucose suppressed miR-124 in glomerular endothelial cells, consequenctly activating ROCK1 activity to damage endothelial cells. MiR-124 overexpression could ameliorate these damages induced by high glucose, suggesting that miR-124 might be a new therapeutic target to prevent glomerular endothelial cells injuries in diabetic nephropathy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the consistency of individual examination diagnosis with terminologies expressed in the conclusion report of physical examinations by the chief inspection physician. Methods Based on the clinical classifications used in the Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Blood Lipid Abnormality for Chinese Adults, and related terminology descriptions of Dyslipidemias that were actually used in four-item blood lipid examinations diagnosis, a lexicon database of Hyperlipidemias was constructed with 39 terms used in the four-item blood lipid examination diagnosis and chief physician conclusions. Totally 11953 electronic chief physician inspection reports from 8 health check-up institutions were included. We investigated the terms of lexicon database using word frequency analysis method, calculated the positive rate in the diagnosis of four single examinations of serum lipid and the positive rate in the chief physician's conclusion. Consistency of chief physician's conclusion with single examination diagnosis was analyzed by Kappa test. Results (1) Among the 39 terms of lexicon database, there are 18 nonstandard terms used in single examination diagnosis, accounted for 46％ of all terms; (2) In word frequency analysis, there are only 1％ of terms that corresponded to clinical classifications of Hyperlipidemias accurately;(3) The positive rate of Hyperlipidemias in serum lipid four single examinations diagnosis was 47％, the positive rate of physician diagnosis was 35％. The consistency analysis of chief physician conclusions with single examination diagnosis showed Kappa=0.71(P0.75 may be suggested as a favorable value.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the applied value of 3.0T blood oxygen level dependent(BOLD) MRI in the diagnosis of hepatic warm ischemia-reperfusion injury (WIRI) in rabbits.Method Twenty healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups by using the stochastic indicator method.In 10 rabbits enrolled in the treatment group,the model of hepatic WIRI after ischemia for 30 min followed by 6-h reperfusion was established,and the remaining 10 rabbits were chosen as the normal control group and were not subjected to any surgery.All the experimental rabbits were scanned by 3.0T MRI and BOLD MRI.T2* values were separatelymeasured by 2 considered radiologists and the R2* values were calculated (R2* =1/T2*).Thereafter,the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to check the consistency.All rabbits were killed after MR examination and routine assays were performed for testing the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the ear vein blood serum.The contents of total superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in liver tissues were determined,and histopathological changes were examined.The correlation between R2 * value and clinical test index was evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis.The R2* value was evaluated by ROC curve.Result ICC =0.87 ＞ 0.75,suggesting that the repeatability of the outcome is good.Compared to the normal control group,R2*value of the warm ischemia-reperfusion injury group was increased (P =0.000).The differences in ALT,AST,LDH,total SOD,MDA and MPO between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).R2* values were significantly positively correlated with ALT,AST,LDH,MDA and MPO (r＞0.6,P＜0.05),and there was a significantly negative correlation between R2* and total SOD (r=-0.663,P=0.001).The R2* value could efficiently diagnose rabbit hepatic WIRI (AUC =0.99) with the best diagnostic threshold being 116.40 Hz.Conclusion 3.0T BOLD MRI can accurately and non-invasively assess the pathophysiologic changes caused by WIRI.It is of great importance for 3.0T BOLD MRI in dynamically monitoring and evaluating hepatic WIRI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess the leading causes of death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) due to non-communicable disease (NCD) in China.Methods World Health Report 2004 published by the World Health Organization (WHO) was reviewed,including total deaths,deaths per 100 000,agestandardized death rate per 100 000,total DALYs,DALYs per 100 000 and age-standardized DALYs per 100 000 by cause and by member state.Diseases or injuries were assigned to three levels:communicable diseases,NCD and injuries (the first level); categories of disease or injure (the second level); specific diseases (the third level).R2.15 was used for data analysis.Results NCD causes 737.6 million deaths,141million total DALY years,627 age standardized mortality per 100 000,and 10 829 age-standardized DALYs per 100 000.NCD account for 79.4％ and 70.3％ total death or all-cause DALYs.Conclusions Cardiovascular disease,malignant neoplasm and respiratory disease were the leading causes of death,while neuropsychiatric disorder,cardiovascular disease and sense organ disease were the most important causes of DALYs.Among China,the United Kingdom,the United States,Canada,Japan,Korea and India,China ranked second in age-standardized mortality rate of chronic disease.DALYs of esophagus cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 6 or 2 times of world average level.Besides,the increasing trend in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus remains impressive.
ABSTRACT
Objective To construct a conceptual framework of a lifestyle questionnaire and define its dimensions,sub-dimensions and core data elements.Methods After review of lifestyle questionnaires of large-scale studies,domestic and international health information standards,health risk factors defined by the World Health Organization and paper-based health records,a conceptual framework was developed by using top-down and bottom-up strategies.Core data elements were chosen according to their importance,utility and experts' advice.Results Our conceptual framework included 9 dimensions (cigarette smoking,alcohol consumption,diet,water drinking,employment,physical exercises,daily living habits,sleep and toxic exposure) and 29 sub-dimensions.For instance,cigarette smoking included status,intensity,duration of smoking and kinds of tobacco.Furthermore,24 core data elements were extracted,and coded values were defined for parts of these data elements.Conclusions Our conceptual framework may serve as a reference for the development of lifestyle questionnaire,and the standardized data elements we extracted could be used in information exchang between institutions.However,standardization of the data elements should be further refined.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the application value of adnephrin in TACE on the apud -advanced liver cancer. Methods:144 patients with apud -advanced liver cancer were randomly divided into two groups,In treatment group of 72 cases,patients were injected small dose of epinephrine prior to the chemotherapy drugs and lipiodol emulsion ; In control group of 72 cases,patients were treated with conventional chemotherapy and embolism,which the chemotherapy drugs and lipiodol ultra liquid were the same basically. Results:The efficiency of the treatment group was 61.1%,36.1% for the control group.The changes of intrahepatic tumor、postoperative liver function and the quality of life had a significant deviation in two groups between pretherapy and post-treatment (P
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the circadian and seasonal distribution of cardiovascular events (CVE) and the relationship between average monthly temperature and the incidence of CVE. Methods A total of 5837 emergency patients with CVE were enrolled from 1997 to 2007. The exact admission time of each patient was registered. The average monthly temperature data from a regional weather station for this time period was supplied by the meteorological office of the city. The relationship between the average monthly temperature and the incidence of CVE was explored and the corresponding curves were plotted. Results The occurrence of CVE has obvious seasonal variation, and its a higher tendency of episodes was found in spring and winter periods. High incidence of acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, acute left-sided heart failure, hypertensive crisis, and sudden death occurred in spring and winter as wee as the time for a change of season, that is, January, February, March, April, October, November, and December. There was a significant negative correlation between the incidence and the average monthly temperature (P<0.005-0.001). Circadian rhythm of CVE was present, with a peak in the early morning and forenoon. Conclusion There are circadian and circannian rhythms of the incidence of CVE. Cold weather condition is a risk factor for the occurrence of CVE, which usually peaks in the early morning and forenoon.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore a new method for enlarging the rotation range of the nasolabial fold flap.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We designed a retrograde nasolabial fold island flap pedicled with the upper lip artery for repairing facial defects. The anatomy of the upper lip and the vascular supply to the nasolabial skin were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the flaps in 7 cases survived completely with satisfactory results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The retrograde nasolabial fold island flap pedicled with the upper lip artery enlarged the rotating range of the nasolabial fold flap. The flap is recommendable for its consistent pedicle and abundant vascular supply.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Arteries , Lip , Nose , Surgical FlapsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Analysis of differential gene expression profiles by cDNA microarray in pancreatic carcinoma with or without lymphatic metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>cDNA microarray was prepared by spotting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of 4 000 human genes onto specially treated glass slides. The cDNA probes were prepared by labeling normal tissue mRNA and cancer tissue mRNA with Cy3-dUTP and Cy5-dUTP, separately through reverse transcription. The mixed probes were, then, hybridized to the cDNA microarray. The chips were scanned by ScanArray 3000 laser scanner (General Scanning, Inc) on two wavelengths. The acquired image was analyzed by ImaGene 3.0 software (BioDiscovery, Inc). The intensity of each spot on the two wavelengths represented the quantity of Cy3-dUTP and Cy5-dUTP, with Cy5 to Cy3 ratio computed on each.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-six genes (including 24 previously reported) exhibited differential expressions in 2 specimens of pancreatic carcinoma with lymphatic metastasis and 2 without.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>cDNA microarray provides an promising approach to specific gene expressions of the presence of lymphatic metastasis in human pancreatic carcinoma.</p>