Clinical engineering professional certification in Germany and implications for China / 医疗卫生装备

The general system of clinical engineering professional certification in Germany was introduced from the aspects of history, certification authority, requirement of certification, skills and knowledge points, methods of implementation and so on. Through comparative study, some suggestions were proposed to promote clinical engineering staff technology level assessment and certification, which might provide some references for the further improvement of clinical engineering certification system in China.

Exercise versus immobilization in the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis during different clot-organized stage: an animal experiment / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the corresponding influence on pulmonary embolism incidence between immobilization and exercise in different stage of thrombus after acute deep vein thrombosis in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups depending on the different organized stage of thrombus: the early, medium and later stage group.Each group was subdivided into two sub groups: the immobile and mobile subgroup. Rabbit modeling of deep vein thrombosis was made by ligating the right femoral vein. Among the early-stage group, rabbits of the immobile subgroup were fixed for 3 days, while that of the mobile subgroup were free to move for 3 days, then each was euthanized to extract the lungs for pathological examination. Among the medium-stage group, each of the immobile subgroup were fixed for 7 days, while the mobile subgroup ones were fixed for 3 days, then released free-moving for 4 days following the pathological extraction. Among the later-stage group, animals in the immobile subgroup were fixed for 14 days comparing the mobile subgroup fixed for 7 days and next free-moving for 7 days, then each was euthanized.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the early-stage group, pulmonary embolism incidence (PEI) of the immobile and mobile subgroup was 4/8 vs.3/8, the pulmonary lobe embolism incidence (PLEI) was 17.5% (7/40) vs. 15.0% (6/40). Among the medium-stage group, PEI of the immobile and mobile subgroup was 3/8 vs. 2/8, PLEI was 37.5% (7/40) vs. 25.0% (10/40). Among the later-stage group, PEI of the immobile and mobile subgroup was 3/8 vs. 3/8, PLEI was 12.5% (5/40) vs. 15.0% (6/40). There was no statistical difference between immobilization subgroup and mobilization subgroup among different stage group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>On the premise of given anticoagulation treatment, early ambulation do not significantly increase pulmonary embolism incidence after acute deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity in rabbits.</p>

Program optimization for bovine somatic cells nuclear transfer / 生物工程学报

To optimize program of bovine somatic nuclear transfer, we used two different enucleation procedures (by Spindle-view system & Hoechst 33342 staining), two different procedures to introduce donor nuclei (by ooplasm microinjection & electrofusion), and three different group electrofusion parameters (group 1: 1.9 kV/cm, 10 micros, two; group 2: 1.5 kV/cm, 25 micros, two; group 3: 0.6 kV/cm, 100 micros, one) to reconstruct bovine cloned embryos. The cleavation rates and blastocyst development rates of cloned embryos were used to assess the efficiency of different operational procedure. Finally, the best combination of operational procedure, that the spindle-viewer system was used for oocytes enucleating, and donor cell was electrofused into ooplasm by electrical pulse (1.9 kV/cm, 10 micros, two) to reconstruct bovine cloned embryos. Then the excellent blastocysts were transferred to fosters for producing cloned cattle 80 high-quality cloned blastocysts were transferred into 33 fosters, two cloned calves were produced. According to the results, the optimized program could be used to produce cloned cattle.

Expression of occludin and zona occluden-1 and their morphologic changes in vagina mucosal cells in patients undergoing vaginal construction by using sigmoid colon / 中华妇产科杂志

quamous metaplasia occurred, the expression of occludin and ZO-1 in cells were similar to those in control group, which might play a role in the defense function of neovaginal mucosa.

Isolation and cultivation of goat embryo stem cells / 生物工程学报

Morulaes and blastocysts obtained from Guanzhong dairy goats 6-7 days after mating were treated with whole embryo cultivaton, enzymatic digestion and immunosurgery separately. The goat embryonic stem cells (ESC) were isolated and cultured on a feeder layer of mitomycin-inactivated mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF). The characteristics of goat ESCs were analyzed by immunohistochemisty, RT-PCR and inducing differentiation in vitro. The results indicated that the embryos were easier to attach the culture dish and form primary colonies with whole embryo method. There were colonies that maintained undifferentiated for 18 passages. The ESCs expressed the protein of Nanog, Oct4 and SSEA-3, whereas the protein of SSEA-4 was absent and the protein of SSEA-1 was weakly expressed. In addition, the genes of Nanog, Oct4, TERT and CD117 were expressed in goat ESCs. The cells also could differentiate to myocardial cells when induced in vitro by DMSO. These results suggest that the goat ESCs have characteristics of ESCs.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF PECTIN ON THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES / 营养学报

In this study, 38 experimental subjects of diabetes mellitus were given pectin 25g extra per day orally under carefully controlled dietary plan for six weeks. Another 38 cases were selected at random as control group.Pre- and posttreatrnent, blood and urine sugar and serum insulin of each subject were measured and compared. The results were: 1) the blood sugar dropped markedly as compared with that of pretreatment (p05). 2) sugar in urine decreased evidently in contrast with control group, but no difference was seen in the volume of urine between the two groups. 3) serum insulin levels dropped significantly when compared with control group (p