ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of glycine transporter 1 inhibitor M22 on epileptic sei-zures and cognitive dysfunction in epilepsy mice. Methods A total of 110 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into Normal control group (CON group,n=10),Model group (Mod group n=20),M22-1 group (n=20),M22-2 group (n=20),M22-3 group (n=20),M22-4 group ( n=20) according to weight. The chronic epileptic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of PTZ(30 mg/kg). The mice in CON group was injected with normal saline(10 mg/kg). The mice in Mod group were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline (10 ml/kg) and were injected with PT2 30 min later. The mice in M22-1 group,M22-2 group,M22-3 group,M22-4 group were intraperitoneally injected with M22 of corresponding dose(10 mg/kg,20 mg/kg,40 mg/kg,80 mg/kg)respectively,lasting for 2 weeks. Epilepsy seizures of mice in each group were recorded. The learning and memory function of epilepsy mice were evaluated by Morris water maze test . Then the mice were sacrificed and the apoptosis related proteins Bcl-2,Bax,Cyt-c in the cerebral cortex of mice were meas-ured by Western blot. Results (1)The mortality kindling rate,epileptic seizure grade and rate of tonic clo-nus in M22-2 and M22-3 group were significantly lower than those in Mod,M22-1 and M22-4 group( all P<0. 05). (2) In the directional navigation experiment,the escape latency of mice in each group decreased with time. On the 4th day,the escape latency of mice in M22-3 group was significantly shorter than that in Mod group,and the difference was statistically significant ((30. 24±9. 46),(16. 05±5. 72),t=20. 36,P<0. 05). In space exploration experiment,compared with Mod group,M22-3 group had more times of crossing platform ((6. 45±3. 62),(3. 23±2. 47),t=38. 63,P=0. 004) and longer time of target quadrant activity((21. 53± 6. 38) s,(11. 52±3. 15) s,t=37. 53,P<0. 05). (3)It was showed by Western blotting that the relative ex-pression levels of Bcl-2 in M22-3 group were significantly higher than those in Mod group(P<0. 05),while the Bax and Cyt-c in M22-3 group were significantly lower than those in Mod group(P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in Bcl-2, Bax and Cyt-c between M22-1 group, M22-4 group and model group ( P>0. 05). Conclusion M22 (40 mg/kg) has significant anti-epileptic effect and can effectively improve the cognitive dysfunction of epileptic mice,which may be related to the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis in mice.[Key words] Epilepsy; Glycine transporter 1 inhibitor; M22; Cognitive function; Pentyle-netetrazole
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the value of ionic-contrast esophagogram in diagnosis of intrathoracic anastomotic leakage after oesophagectomy.Methods The data of 728 patients suffered esophagectomy were retrospectively collected.723 patients without clinical manifestations of anastomotic leakage were divided into group A(esophagogram before eating,n=465) and group B(non-esophagogram before eating,n=258).The incidence of anastomotic leakage was compared between the two groups.Results The discovery rates of anastomotic leakage in group A and B were 0.43%(2/465) and 0.78%(2/258),respectively,the difference was no statistically significant between the two group(P=0.55).The total incidence rates of anastomotic leakage in group A and B were 0.65%(3/465) and 0.78%(2/258),respectively,the difference was no statistically significant between the two groups(P=0.84).5 patients with clinically suspected anastomotic leakage,all had loculated pleural effusion,4 cases had fever,and 2 cases had abnormal chest drainage.Finally,4 cases(80%) were confirmed to be anastomotic leak by esophagogram.Conclusion Routine ionic-contrast esophagogram before eating do not improve intrathoracic anastomotic leakage detection rate after esophagectomy,but when patients have fever,loculated pleural effusion and abnormal chest drainage,esophagogram is necessary and can improve the detection rate of esophageal anastomotic leak.CT radiography may detect smaller anastomotic leakage than conventional esophagogram.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of chest backplate in treating multiple rib fractures in patients with focal abnormal breathing.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients with multiple rib fractures and focal abnormal breathing who were treated by Chrisofix chest backplate were analyzed.Results Thirtyfour patients were cured by chest backplate and other conservative treatments,and 2 patients underwent rib internal fixation surgery.The numeric rating scales scores before and after the application of the chest backplate were (8.1 ± 0.7) scores and (5.2 ± 0.5) scores respectively(P ＜ 0.01).Seven patients had skin blisters forming around the shield,which were cured by liquid extraction with a syringe and gauze covered with povidone iodine.No patients stopped treatment because of allergy.Conclusions Chest backplate is an effective,easy and inexpensive method for patient with multiple rib fractures and focal abnormal breathing who doesn't need exploratory thoracotomy.It is worthy to spread in clinical treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the association of glyoxalase Ⅰ (GLO1) gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI).Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1130534 and rs1049346 in the GLO1 gene were genotyped in 300 ACI patients and 300 healthy controls using the SNaPshot technique.Additionally,quantitative real-time PCR was employed to determine the GLO1 expression levels in 50 ACI patients and 50 healthy controls,respectively.Results In terms of the rs1049346 polymorphism,the respective frequencies of CC,CT and TT genotypes were 9.3％,42.7％ and 48.0％ in the ACI patients,and 14.0％,47.7％ and 38.3％ in the control group.The respective frequencies of C and T alleles were 30.7％ and 69.3％ in the ACI patients,and 37.8％ and 62.2％ in the control group.There were statistically significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs1049346 between the ACI patients and controls (genotype:x2 =6.877,P =0.032;allele:x2 =6.842,P=0.009).For rs1130534,the respective frequencies of AA,AT and TT genotypes were 52.0％,42.0％ and 6.0％ in the ACI patients,and 60.0％,33.7％ and 6.3％ in the control group.The respective frequencies of A and T alleles were 73.0％ and 27.0％ in the ACI patients,and 76.8％ and 23.2％ in the control group.However,no statistically significant differences were found in the distribution of genotypes or alleles of the rs1130534 SNP between the ACI patients and controls (all P ＞ 0.05).The results of haplotype analysis revealed that the frequencies of the A-T and T-T (rs1130534-rs1049346) haplotypes in the ACI patients were all significantly higher compared to the controls (42.3％ vs 39.0％,x2 =4.733,P =0.030;27.0％ vs 23.2％,x2 =5.699,P =0.017).Additionally,the GLO1 expression levels in the ACI patients were significantly lower than that in the healthy controls (Mann-Whitney U =911.5,P =0.020).Conclusion The results indicate that the rs1049346 polymorphism of GLO1 gene is associated with the susceptibility to ACI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of WDHD1 protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods The expression of WDHD1 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,adenocarcinoma of esophagus and normal esophagus tissues by immunohistochemical MaxVision was detected.Results The expression of WDHD1 protein in the tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in the normal esophagus tissues and adenocarcinoma of esophagus (15.68 ± 3.01 vs.3.89 ± 2.98 and 4.66 ± 2.46)(P ＜ 0.05),there was no significant between normal esophagus tissues and adenocarcinoma of esophagus (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of WDHD 1 protein in the tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,high-middle differentiation tissues was higher than poorly differentiation,TNM stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ stage was higher than Ⅰ + Ⅱ stage,depth of invasion T3 + T4 was higher than T1 + T2,with lymph node metastasis tissue was higher than without,differences was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The higher expression of WDHD1 protein is the marker of high invasive and low histological grade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and WDHD1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas may play an important role in development.