ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the value of preoperative neutrophil?to?lymphocyte ratio(NLR) as a prognostic predictor after radical resection of bladder cancer for muscle?bladder cancer. Methods Two hundred and fifty?two cases consecutive muscle?invasive bladder cancer patients treated with total excision radi?cal bladder at the Rology Surgery Department of Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College from January 2006 to March 2010 were retrospectively analyzed,and all patients were diagnosed bladder cancer by pathological examination. Based on the cut?off value of 2. 7,all the patients were divided into two groups:a low NLR(<2. 7,n=142) group and a high NLR(≥2. 7,n=110) group. None accepted neoadjuvant therapy. Results The 5?year overall survival rate was 75. 2% in patients of the low NLR group and 53% in the high NLR group,the difference was significant(P=0. 005). Univariate analysis showed that NLR(P=0. 002),tumor size(P=0. 035),T stage (P=0. 0022),tumor grade(P=0. 04),hydronep?hrosis or no(P=0. 031),Lymph node metastasis or no(P=0. 003) were associated with survival. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that NLR was independent risk factors of prognosis(HR:2. 586;95%CI:1. 256-2. 851;P=0. 039). Conclusion Preoperative NLR≥2. 7 may be a convenient biomarker to predict patients with a poor prognosis after radical cystectomy for muscle?invasive blad?der cancer.
ABSTRACT
objective To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neurons and transplantation of the stem ceils to repair rat hemisection spinal cord injury.Methods Adherent culture was used to isolate and culture rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).The rat spinal cord homogenate supernatant was used to induce neural differentiation of the 3rd generation ceils.The nature of ceil differentiation was identified by immunohistochemistry.The rat model of hemisection spinal cord injury was prepared and BrdU was locally injected to label the induced neurons.The distribution of living cells in the injuried spinal cord was observed at 5 weeks after cell transplantation.Results MSCs were spindle and polygonal,with 1-2 nucleoli seen under the inverted microscope.After induction with spinal cord homogenate supernatant there were a number of slender cytoplasmic projections forming interwined network and showing nestin expression,therefore,indicating the neuronal nature.MSCs at 5 weeks after transplantation into the spinal cord injury were surviving and their expression of MAP-2,NF,GFAP was significantly higher than that in the control rats(P<0.05).The rat motor function was improved than before transplantation.Conclusion MSCs induced by spinal cord homogenate supernatant can be transplanted into hemisection spinal cord injury and improve the motor function of the injuries lesions.