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This paper discusses the definition , classification, selection, monitoring and evaluation of animal biosafety isolation device .Evaluation order of animal biosafety isolation device follows animal survival needs -biosafety needs-animal welfare requirements .
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the importance and preventive measure of vocal scar after fiber laryngoscope surgery.@*METHOD@#The preventive measures such as treatment of the pathogeny, voice exercise, adjustment of operative skill, vocal rest after operation and drug treatment for vocal scars in 350 patients with polyps of vocal cord, vocal nodules and vocal cyst after fiber laryngoscope surgery were adopted in order to reduce the rate of vocal scar. The rate of vocal scar was calculated and analysed to evaluate the effect of preventive measures two month later.@*RESULT@#The incidence rate of vocal scar after fiber laryngoscope surgery was 12.3%. And vocal scar was the main difficulty in vocalizing after operation. There is yet no specific treatment for vocal scar. Prevention is more important. Preventive measures should be carried out through the perioperative period, i. e., before, in and after the surgery.@*CONCLUSION@#The prevention of vocal scar complication is very important in the perioperative period of fiber laryngoscope surgery. And as the preventive measures are adopted, the incidence rate of vocal scar will be significantly reduced.
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cicatrix , Laryngoscopy , Postoperative Complications , Vocal Cords , Pathology , Voice QualityABSTRACT
Objective To find out the difference of responses to HDT between females and males of different occupations.Methods Healthy female employees(group A,n=11)and female pilots(group B,n=10)and male special pilots(group C,n=14)and male employees(group D,n=7)were tested with-30? head-down tilt for 45 min.Results Heart rate(HR)of females and males all decreased with time during HDT,especially male employees group and female pilots group(P