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Objective@#To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Coronavirus HKU1 (Human CoV-HKU1) and NL63 (Human CoV-NL63) in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Nanjing.@*Methods@#From August 2009 to July 2011, 1 286 respiratory samples were collected from the outpatient and hospitalized children in the Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect HCoV-HKU1 and NL63 genes, besides, positive samples were used for common respiratory virus screening. The positive amplification products were cloned, sequenced, homologous and phylogenetic analysis was conducted by molecular biological method .@*Results@#The detection rate of HCoV-HKU1 was 1.1% (14/1 286), the positive sequences shared a 98.2%-100% nucleotide identity with the HCoV-HKU1 strains and mixed infection rate was 92.9%. The main clinical diagnoses were bronchitis, bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis. The clinical manifestations were cough, fever, wheezing. The detection rate of HCoV-NL63 was 1.5% (19/1 286), the positive sequences shared a 95.6%-100% nucleotide identity with the HCoV-NL63 strains and mixed infection rate were 63.2%. The main clinical diagnosis were acute upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia. The clinical manifestations were fever, cough, expectoration. No deaths were found in both HCoV-HKU1 and NL63 infections.@*Conclusions@#From August 2009 to July 2011, HCoV-HKU1 and NL63 were detected in children with respiratory tract infection in Nanjing area. HCoV-HKU1 infected cases were lower respiratory tract infection, epidemic in winter and spring, infected cases were mainly under 1 years of age, HCoV-NL63 infected cases including upper respiratory and lower respiratory tract infection, epidemic in the season of summer and autumn. The infected cases were mainly at the age rank from 1 year to 3 years. The clinical manifestations of children infected with coronavirus HKU1 and NL63 are not specificity.
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Objective@#To investigate the human bocavirus (HBoV) infection in the children diagnosed with brochiolitis, incomparison with the clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis of HBoV vs. respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection alone.@*Methods@#A total of 396 throat swabs were obtained from children diagnosed with bronchiolitis from January 2015 to December 2016 in Pediatric Asthma Center of Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou. Specimens were tested for the nucleic acids of HBoV, RSV and other 6 common respiratory viruses by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR() and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the epidemic status, clinical characteristics of HBoV and RSV were analyzed and compared with each other.@*Results@#The positive rate of virus infection was 53.54%, and HBoV and RSV infections were 9.84% and 24.49% in 396 cases. The numbers of cases of HBoV single infection, RSV single infection, HBoV and RSV mixed infection were 29, 86 and 5. The number of boys infected with HBoV was 27. There was statistical significance in the difference between the genders. The statistical significance also existed in difference of age. The babies at ages ranging from 6 to 12 months had the hifgest positive rate. The first incidence peak of the infection of HBoV was in October 2015. The children with HBoV infection, compared with RSV patients, presented more often with vomiting, diarrhea (P<0.05), while symptoms such as the occurrence of dyspnea, hypoxemia and the hospitalization time were all lower.@*Conclusions@#HBoV is one of the possible causes of brochiolitis in infants, its infection distributed over the whole year. The clinical symptoms, laboratory and radio-graphic changes are similar between the HBoV and RSV infections, the only difference was that the HBoV infection was comparatively mild.
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Objective To observe the relationship between serum hydroxyproline,nitric oxide (NO) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and severity of traumatic osteoarthritis in rats,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of Kaschin Beck disease.Methods Thirty-six healthy six-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups according to weight via the random digital table method,including control group,ligamentum cutting group,ligamentum cutting + exercise group,with 12 rats in each group.Except the control group,the other two groups of rats were treated by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT).After 7 days,the ligamentum cutting + exercise group was tested at a 6-animal-treadmills for 20 min per day for 4 weeks.At the tenth week after operation,the surgical unilateral knee joints were taken;under a biological optical microscope,the gross joint morphology of each group was compared,which was scored according to C.Colombo articular cartilage pathological evaluation parameter standard.Rat serum was separated,and the contents of hydroxyproline,NO and COMP were determined.Results There were statistically significant differences among the 3 groups in the pathological evaluation of knee cartilage in rats (F =38.80,P ＜ 0.01).The scores of pathological evaluation of ligamentum cutting group,ligamentum cutting + exercise group were significantly higher than that of the control group (14.82 ± 6.19,18.25 ± 5.71 vs 1.58 ± 0.99,P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistical significant difference in comparison of ligamentum cutting group and ligamentum cutting + exercise group (P ＞ 0.05),and there was no statistical significant difference in serum hydroxyproline content of the 3 groups (F =2.15,P ＞ 0.05).There were statistical significant differences in serum NO and COMP of the 3 groups (F =36.13,16.77,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Traumatic osteoarthritis is caused by combining ACLT with movement,and serum levels of NO and COMP are closely related to the severity of osteoarthritis.Detections of NO and COMP are introduced into the research field of Kaschin-Beck disease,which will provide experimental basis for monitoring and treatment of Kaschin-Beck disease.
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Objective:To study the effect of alum on immune response in mice induced by HBoV1 VP2 VLPs.Methods:BABL/c mice were randomly divided into VLPs experimental group, alum adjuvant experimental group, PBS control group and alum adjuvant control group,the experimental group mice were intramuscular immunization with HBoV1 VP2 VLPs and HBoV1 VP2 VLPs added alum,control group mice were immunization with alum or PBS buffer,then to study the effect of alum on immune response in mice induced by HBoV1 VP2 VLPs by cellular and humoral immune strength.Results: Alum adjuvant decreased cellular immune response induced by HBoV1 VP2 VLPs(P<0.001),enhance the HBoV1 VP2 VLPs immuned serum IgG titer(P<0.05)and IgG activity(P<0.01).Conclusion:Alum adjuvant can enhance humoral immune response induced by HBoV1 VP2 VLPs,but weaken cellular immune response induced by HBoV1 VP2 VLPs,when HBoV1 VP2 VLPs used as a prophylactic vaccine it should add alum adjuvant,when used as a therapeutic vaccine,it should not add alum adjuvant.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of telomerase in the diagnosis of lung cancerusing SROC curve method.Methods Looking“telomerase”and“lung cancer”as keywords,retrieving journalspublished within past 20 years in order to incorporate into literatures and to collect data .To conduct the SROC analysisusing Meta -DiSc 1.4 software.Results 1.Twenty -two documents were sampled as tissue specimensand the heterogeneity was relatively large (P =0.017).To analyze the data with random effective models ,thecombined sensitivity and specificity were 0.788(0.761 -0.814)and 0.955(0.936 -0.969),respectively.TheSROC AUC area under the curve was 0.9515,SE(AUC) =0.0145.2.There was no heterogeneity(P =0.633)amongthe 10 lavaged literatures.By use of fixed effects model for data analysis ,the combined sensitivity and specificitywere 0.777(0.734 -0.816) and 0.922(0.888 -0.948),and SROC AUC area under the curve was0.9369,SE(AUC) =0.0141.Conclusion Telomerase is a ideal tumor marker,and the detection of telomeraseactivity in lavage fluid is stable and accurate in clinical diagnosis .
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Objective To establish a mouse ’ s cross-territory ear flap that enables chronic , in-vivo observation of the change of vascular morphology .Methods 30 ICR mice, weighing 25~40 g, were used for this study .Commercial depilatory cream was used to first remove the hair of the mice , after which the vascular pattern in the ears was investigated . According to the observation of the vascular pattern in the mouse ’ s ear, the eye scissors were used the sever the outer 2/3 of the base of the ear , in which process a ear ’ s flap based on a vascular pedicle but crossed three vascular territories was created.After the creation of the flap , the mice were placed on an automatic controlled movable machine with the ear ’ s flaps spread over a customized Plexiglas .Then the flaps were photographed under the stereoscope ( ×25) at the following time points:1,2,3,5,7,10,14,21,30 d.the necrosis of the flap, and the morphological change of the vessels within theflap were analyzed .Results The ICR mouse ’ s ear was supplied three angiosomes , which were respectively named as the cephalic , median and caudal angiosomes from inside out .Five days after the flap’s creating, necrotic rate of(15 ±7)%was developed .The choke vessels between the medial and median angiosomes expanded rapidly in diameter , reaching the plateau 10d after flap creation, resulting the dilated choke veins and arteries at their peak being 3.9 ±0.5 and 3.5 ±0.7, respectively, than their initial sizes.The diameter of the choke veins began to shrink at approximately 10d, stabilizing after 21d.The diameter of the choke arteries plateaued and stabilized at around 10d.Conclusion ①after harvest of extended flap, the dilation of veins seemed to passive , whereas the dilation of arteries seemed to active;②the number of the choke vessels between the dynamic and potential territories that are involved in dilation and extent of the dilation are much smaller than that of the choke vessels between the anatomic and dynamic territories;③the mouse ’ s ear flap is an excellent model of further study of mechanism underlining the dilation of choke vessels and for the screening of vasoactive drugs that augment the survival of the large flap .
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Objective To investigate the viral prevalence of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI)in children. Methods Totally 1165 children with clinical diagnosis of ALRTI during the period from August 2007 to September 2008 were involved in our study. The nasopharyngeal aspirate specimen was collected from each patient. RT-PCRs were performed to detect common respiratory tract viruses including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (HRV), parainfluenza virus (PIV, type 1 -3 ), influzenza virus type A and B (IFA,IFB), and PCR was used to detect adenovirus (ADV). Results 783 patients were identified to have at least one kind of viral pathogens and the overall positive rate was 67.2%. The most common virus was RSV (27%), followed by HRV ( 17.4% ) and PIV3 ( 13. 9% ). The peak infection seasons were winter and autumn. The etiological spectrum of ALRTI varied in different age groups. Two or more viruses were identified in 284 out of 783 cases ( 36. 3% ). The mixed infection rate was high in infants under 1 year old (63.7%) while it decreased to 8. 5% in children older than 3 years of age. Conclusion RSV, HRV and PIV3 were the most predominant pathogens in children less than 1 year old. The peak infection seasons were winter and autumn. The infection rate and mixed infection rate in infants under 1 year old were highest. The most common style was RSV and HRV mixed infection.
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HepG2 cells were pre-incubated with insulin (Ins 0,1,0. 1,0.01 μol/L) and dexamethasone ( Dex 0,3,0. 3,0.03 μol/L) alone or together for 24 h to induce insulin resistance (IR) in vitro, the resistant level was estimated by glucose consumption, the optimal model of insulin resitance was chosen, and at the same time its lasting time of resistance was determined. In order to investigate the effects and mechanisms of mifepristone on in sulin-resistant HepG2 cells induced by insulin and dexamethasone, mifepristone and pioglitazone were adminis tered 24 h after the optimal model of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was established. The glucose consumption, in tracellular concentrations of glucose, glycogen, ATP, and free fatty acid (FFA) in each group were detected. The expression of InsR-mRNA and GR-mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (SqRT-PCR). Results revealed that pretreatment with insulin (0. 1 μmol/L) and dexamethasone (0.3 (μol/L) for 24 h caused optimal insulin resistance of HepG2 cells which lasted for 36 h. Compared with control group, the glucose consumption, intracellular glucose, glycogen, ATP contents and the level of InsR-mRNA in model cells decreased while FFAs concentrations and GR-mRNA increased. However, the tendency of insulin resistant HepG2 cells was obviously attenuated by pioglitazone at the concentration of 0. 2 mmol/L and mifepris tone at 200μmol/L and 20 μol/L while mifepristone at 2 μol/L had no effect on insulin-resistant cells. The findings indicated that mifepristone at 200 μol/L and 20 μol/L improved the insulin resistance via modulating intracellular glucolipid metabolism and the expression of InsR-mRNA and GR-mRNA.