ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of posterolateral elbow dislocation in children.Methods:A total of 19 children with posterolateral elbow dislocation were diagnosed and treated at Department of Children's Orthopedics, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital from April 2018 to April 2021. They were 12 boys and 7 girls, aged from 7 to 14 years (average, 10.9 years). Internal epicondyle avulsion fracture of the humerus was complicated in 11 cases, external epicondyle avulsion fracture of the humerus in 5 cases, capitulum avulsion fracture of the humerus in 3 cases, and fracture of the ulna coronoid process in 4 cases. After evaluation of the elbow stability, stable elbows were treated nonsurgically while the unstable ones complicated with fracture were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. After treatment, the injured limbs were fixated with elbow flexion 90° in forearm pronation position for 4 to 6 weeks.Results:In this group, 4 children received nonsurgical treatment and 15 ones were treated surgically. Internal epicondyle fractures of the humerus were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire and hollow screws, and external epicondyle avulsion fractures or capitulum avulsion fractures of the humerus by suture fixation with Kirschner wire tension band or absorbable anchors. Three coronal process fractures were treated with plate internal fixation but one coronal process fracture was not treated with internal fixation. All the children were followed up for 6 to 30 months (average, 13.3 months). The last follow-up showed that fractures got united in all children, with no ectopic ossification, fine anatomical relationship of the elbow, and no recurrence of elbow dislocation or instability. The last follow-up showed that the Mayo elbow performance scores (MEPS) ranged from 75 to 100 points, averaging 93.2 points.Conclusions:In the treatment of posterolateral elbow dislocation in children, the key point is to rebuild the stability of the elbow. Non-surgical treatment is recommended for cases of a stable elbow with posterolateral rotation and dislocation while surgical treatment for cases of an unstable elbow because surgery leads to fine functional recovery and efficacy in children.
ABSTRACT
The biological effects of ionising radiation vary according to its linear energy transfer (LET) density, with higher LET radiation having stronger biological effects than lower LET radiation at the same absorbed dose. Though we have done more research in the area of radiation effects on the ocular lens, we know little about the effects of high LET on the ocular lens. This article briefly describes the historical changes in the dose limits of the human ocular lens, investigates the epidemiology of high LET radiation eye lens, summarizes various biological experiments of high LET particles, and briefly analyzes the reasons for the high prevalence of cataracts in the plateau. It also discusses the factors that need to be considered in the future research on high LET, aiming to provide valuable information for the future research of high LET eye lens in China.
ABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the clinical effect of titanium elastic intrameduUary nail (TEIN)in treatment of pediatric radial neck fractures. Methods A total of 16 children with radial neck fractures were treated TEIN from February 2008 to February 2010.Long arm cast immobilization was used one week postoperatively and functional exercise was done after removal of the external fixation.Results All the patients were followed up for average 5.3 months (3.5-14.0 months),which showed the average period of bony union for 5.8 weeks(4-7 weeks).Except for one patient who aroused skin soft-tissue irritation symptoms at the nail end,no other complication was found.The range of motion of the elbow and forearm in injury side of all patients Was the same as the normal side. Conclusions The application of TEIN has advantages of minimal invasive lesion,nil effect on pheseal plate,good fracture union,rapid functional rehabilitation and little compliations and hence is one of ideal choices in treatment of pediatric radial neck fracture.