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Objective:To investigate five kinds of tuberculin skin test (TST), tubercle bacillus-antibody(TB-Ab), interferon-γ release assay(IGRA), tubercle bacillus-DNA (TB-DNA) and collection of bacterial centrifugal smears methods, the application value of combined detection in improving the diagnostic efficiency of pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis.Methods:A total of 150 eligible patients with pneumoconiosis from January 2018 to January 2019 in Zhangjiakou Pulmonary Hospital were selected as the research subjects, and all of them underwent TST, TB-Ab, IGRA, TB-DNA and bacterial centrifugal smear detection. Compared the positive rates of five detection methods in pneumoconiosis and its different stages, and compare the proportion of tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis in different stages of pneumoconiosis.Results:Among the 150 patients with pneumoconiosis, 41 cases (27.33%) were with pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis infection, 24 cases (16.00%) with pneumoconiosis complicated with clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, 21 cases (14.00%) with pneumoconiosis complicated with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis, and 45 cases (30.00%) with pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis; with the improvement of pneumoconiosis stage, the proportion of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis infection and pulmonary tuberculosis increased significantly ( P<0.05). Compared with TB-Ab, TB-loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP), and interlayered cup collection centrifuge smear method, the overall positive rate of IGRA detection and pneumoconiosis stage Ⅲ were higher ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with TST detection ( P>0.05). The positive rate of combined detection was higher, but there was no significant difference compared with IGRA detection ( P>0.05). With the increase of pneumoconiosis stage, the positive reaction intensity of TST decreased, and the positive value of TB-Ab and IGRA increased. Conclusions:The combined detection of TST, TB-Ab, IGRA, TB-DNA and bacterial centrifugal smear method can significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis.
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ObjectiveTo know the epidemic incidence features of the nurseries and kindergartens in Jinshan District， and to supply the scientific supporting data for the work of preventing and controlling the epidemic diseases in nurseries and kindergartens. MethodsThe epidemic incidence rate， diseases sequence， and time distribution in Jinshan District from Jan 1， 2011 to Dec 30， 2020 were subjected to descriptive epidemic analysis， and the incidence rate in different years was analyzed by the Model of Joinpoint. ResultsBetween 2011 and 2020 in Jinshan nurseries and kindergartens， the epidemic incidence rate were 5 257 cases， with an annual average of 3.28%. It presented the peak every 2 or 3 years， and the yearly peak was distinctively from March to June and from September to December. The top three epidemic diseases were hand-foot-mouth diseases， herpangina and chicken pox. The trend analysis by Joinpoint showed that there is no obvious downtrend in the overall incidence of infectious diseases， but the incidence rate trend of herpangina， influenza， and infectious diarrhea apparently appeared rising. ConclusionThe nurseries and kindergartens should prevent and control the epidemic incidence peak more targeted and effective. It should add the herpangina to the list of “The Nursery and Kindergarten Monthly Epidemic Report”.
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DNA methylation studies the natural modification of DNA that occurs when the nucleotide sequence is unchanged. At present, DNA methylation is used in the field of biomedicine to focus on the characteristics and regularity of disease-wide genome methylation and the DNA methylation biomarkers for disease. Based on the systematic review of DNA methylation research techniques, this paper summarizes and analyzes the current status of DNA methylation technology in basic research of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) syndromes, and a suggestion to screen the TCM syndrome biomarkers from whole genome DNA methylation is proposed.
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Objective:To explore the mechanism of the embolism and sclerotherapy of fibrin glue combined with bleomycin (FG/BLM) for the treatment of cervicofacial vascular malformations by color doppler ultrasound.Methods:10 patients with venous malformation(VM) and 10 patients with arterio-venous malformation(AVM) were included.All patients underwent embolism and sclerotherapy of FG/BLM guided by ultrasound.Color doppler ultrasound was used to record the real-time two-dimensional ultrasonography and color doppler image.The flow and distribution of FG/BLM after injection into the lesions were observed.Results:Two-dimensional ultrasonography showed clumps or flake strong echo after immediate injection of FG/BLM into the cavity of VMs,then floated in the abnormal venous lumen and diffused throughout the cavity.At the later stage the lesions were filled by a large number of flocculent and netted low echo,and patchy strong echo.The volume of VMs cavity expanded dramaticlly,and the blood flow signal was significantly decreased.After injection of FG/BLM into the lumen of AVMs,clumps or flake strong echo were observed,then most of the snowflake strong echo rapidly filled or scattered along with blood stream to the distal part of the vessels.The color doppler showed significantly decrease of blood flow signal.Conclusion:FG/BLM injection can embolize and block the draining vein of VM,and play a role on the storage of sclerozing agent.FG/BLM injection can embolize both the dilated blood vessels and capillary network of AVM.
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Objective To study the findings of 256‐slice CT angiography in atherosclerosis of the intracranial carotid arteary . Methods 402 cases of atherosclerotic lesions in the neck and brain were collected from 2013 to 2014 in our hospital ,in which there were 274 cases of male and 128 cases female .All patients underwent 256‐slice CT angiography of the head and neck .The incidence of atherosclerosis involvement in the intracranial carotid artery was analysed .The characteristics of carotid plaque on different sexes , age(≤60 years and >60 years) and location (right and left ) were observed .The length and property of plaque ,and stenostic rate of the artery were measured respectively .Results There were 164 cases (40 .80% ) of intracranial carotid artery athrosclerosis in 402 cases of atherosclerotic lesions of the neck and brain ,in which the incident rate of male was 38 .32% and female 46 .09% (χ2 =2 .182 ,P=0 .140) .The incident rate of >60 years group was more than that of ≤60 years group (χ2 0 .088) .And there were also no differences on lesion length (≤10 mm ,11-20 mm ,>20 mm) for different sexes or age groups (χ2 0 .091) . Calcified plaques were seen the most (79 .81% ) ,mixed plaques were seen more (15 .46% ) ,and lipid plaques (1 .58% ) and fibrous plaques (3 .15% ) were seen less .The mixed plaques were more seen on >60 years group than that on ≤60 years group for male pa‐tients (χ2 =12 .204 ,P=0 .001) ,but no other difference was found for plaque property in other different sexes or age groups .Mild stenosis of the corated artery was found in 54 .57% lesions ,moderate stenosis in 39 .75% and severe stenosis in 5 .68% ,and there were no any difference in different sexes or age groups (χ2 0 .151) .Conclusion CT angiography of the head and neck is of important significance for diagnosis of atherosclerosis in the intracranial carotid artery .