ABSTRACT
Lymph metastasis has great impact on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, which can relfect the biological and invasive potential of pancreatic cancer. However, currently, there is no standard in the clinical management of the lymph metastasis in pancreatic cancer. In this report, we will discuss and summarize the followings:lymph metastatic rate and its impact on prognosis, the rule of lymph metastasis, sentinel lymph node, intra-operative lymph nodes mapping, TNM staging, regional lymph nodes resection, number of lymph nodes examined, lymph node ratio, guiding adjuvant treatments, lymphatic targeted therapy.
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose:Ultrasound is a regular screening method of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPTP). This study was to summarize the diagnostic value of ultrasound to SPTP.Methods:Clinical and ultrasound data of 62 SPTP cases in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Results:Five cases of SPTP were undetected by ultrasound in the group. The features of ultrasound including: large mass located at the body and tail of the pancreas, clear boundary and regular shape, low ultrasound with uneven signal, or low signal mixed with no signal. A few cases have calciifcation and blood signal. Most of the cases presented no dilation of main pancreatic duct and bile duct and regional lymph nodes enlargement. Conclusion:Ultrasound can be used to detect SPTP which has special ultrasound signal features.
ABSTRACT
Objective To isolate bioactive compound of enhancing fibrinolysis from secondary metabolites of marine microorganism.Methods The separation of microorganism from seawater samples,screening of producing fibrinolytic compound's strain,selection of the active strain's optimum fermentation medium and refining of active compound were done by the method of selective cultivation,measuring of compound's fibrinolytic activity and semipreparative HPLC,respectively.Results Nine hundred and thirty-six single strains from 31 samples were collected 100 meters off the coast,and cultures of the fungus(FG216) contained enhancing fibrinolytic compound.Compounds from modified Czapek medium as the fermentation medium of FG216 showed significant fibrinolytic effect.Finally,active fraction were isolated and refined from cultures of FG216.Conclusion In this paper,active compound of enhancing fibrinolysis were gained from secondary metabolites of isolated single microorganism from seawater.