ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the activation of brain regions associated with olfactory in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by olfactory functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). @*Methods@#Twenty six patients with MCI were compared with twenty six controls in the dementia center of Tianjin HuanHu hospital in terms of olfactory function T&T testing, the differences between the activation of the whole brain and region of interest associated with olfactory (bilateral primary olfactory cortex(POC), bilateral hippocampus, bilateral orbital frontal gyrus) by olfactory stimulator using event correlation design for olfactory fMRI scanning. To analyze the correlation between the number of activator in POC and the threshold of olfactory discriminate as well as the severity of cognitive impairment.SPSS 19.0 software was used for the statistical analysis. @*Results@#T&T olfactory testing revealed that MCI patients had higher scores than controls (3.57±1.29 (±s) vs 1.02±0.35, t=4.372, P<0.05). The activation range of whole brain in MCI patients was less than controls (pleasant odor (po) 147.36±21.45 vs 323.11±39.76, unpleasant odor (upo) 201.86±24.93 vs 447.73±57.22, tpo=4.241, tupo=5.365, both P<0.05). The activation range of whole brain in inhaling unpleasant odor was more than pleasant odor in controls (447.73±57.22 vs 323.11±39.76, t=3.936, P<0.05). The number of activator in ROIawo in MCI patients was less than controls (pleasant odor (po) 51.0[8.0, 109.0](M[P25, P75]) vs 135.0[21.0, 321.5], unpleasant odor (upo) 65.0[6.0, 158.0]vs 205.0[36.5, 491.0], Zpo=-2.199, Zupo=-2.216, both P<0.05). The number of activator in POC in MCI patients was less than controls (pleasant odor (po) 19.0[4.0, 35.5]vs 46.0[9.0, 118.5], unpleasant odor (upo) 26.0[2.0, 51.0]vs 79.0[17.5, 189.0], Zpo=-1.898, Zupo=-2.167, both P<0.05). The number of activator in POC was negatively correlated with olfactory discriminate threshold in MCI patients (rpo=-0.415, rupo=-0.409, both P<0.05). The number of activator in POC was positively correlated with MoCA in MCI patients (rpo=0.289, rupo=0.296, both P<0.05). @*Conclusion@#Olfactory fMRI can objectively assess the olfactory function in MCI, it is a imaging indicator with neuropsychological tests for detection in MCI, the number of activator in POC can reflect the severity of MCI.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study on clinical significance of acoustic rhinometry and nasal resistance checks by low temperature radiofrequency ablation on nasal endoscopy operation.@*METHOD@#Application instrument of acoustic rhinometry and nasal resistance meter on 106 cases with moderate to severe persistent nasal obstruction symptoms. These patients are not obvious or invalid after regular drug treatment. The preoperative and postoperative six months, with the nasal mucosa contraction before and after by inspect respectively,also record nasal resistance (NR), nasal minimum cross-sectional area (NMCA), distance of the minimal cross-sectional area to the nostril (DCAN), mean nasal cross-sectional area (MNCA), nasal cavity from volume (NCV). The other 36 cases of healthy people as a control group. Before and after nasal mucosa contraction by inspect. Two sets of data were statistically analyzed with SAS6.12. The efficacy evaluation of radiofrequency ablation by improve the extent and visual analog scale (VAS) score, with the patient's subjective symptoms.@*RESULT@#The group of preoperative rhinitis treatment NR higher than the controls significantly, the NMCA significantly lower than the control group (P 0.05). The NR and NMCA of the postoperative in rhinitis treatment group was no difference compared with the control group (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Low temperature radio frequency ablation by nasal endoscopy operation had a significant improvement of nasal ventilation functions for patients with moderate to severe chronic rhinitis, acoustic rhinometry and nasal resistance can be an objective and accurate evaluation to this operation.