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Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and white matter high signal and non-dementia vascular cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD).Methods:Total 106 patients with CSVD who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from April 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled.They were divided into vascular cognitive impairment no dementia group (VCIND group, n=47) and no vascular cognitive impairment group (N-VCI group, n=59)according to mini-mental assessment scale (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale and activity of daily living scale (ADL). Serum VEGF levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The baseline data, serum VEGF levels, MoCA score and Fazekas score were compared between the two groups.The correlation between serum VEGF level and white matter high signal and cognitive function was analyzed.SPSS 19.0 software was used for data processing.The statistical methods were t-test, Chi square test, nonparametric test, Logistic regression analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. Results:There were significant differences in serum VEGF level((464.18±114.58)pg/mL, (414.17±45.80)pg/mL, F=22.880), MoCA score((13.07±6.48), (20.17±4.06), F=17.920) and Fazekas score (4(3, 5), 3(1, 3), Z=-4.189)between the two groups (all P<0.05). The level of VEGF( β=0.008, OR=1.008, 95% CI=1.001-1.015, P<0.05) was the influencing factor of cognitive function in patients with CSVD .The level of VEGF was negatively correlated with the total score of MoCA, attention and calculation power, and orientation ability ( r=-0.345, -0.373, -0.445, all P<0.05) and it was positively correlated with the total Fazekas score and the Fazekas score of paraventricular and deep white matter ( r=0.392, 0.495, 0.302, all P<0.05). There was a linear trend between the high signal grade of paraventricular and deep white matter and VCIND (both P<0.05). Conclusion:Serum VEGF level is correlated with cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity in patients with CSVD.The increase of VEGF level may be a factor reflecting cognitive dysfunction.In addition, with the increase of white matter hyperintensity level, the risk of VCIND in CSVD is increased.
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Objective To observe the effect of the three active ingredients of a Chinese traditional medicine compound named Kang Fu Ling( KFL) against PC12 cells oxidative damage induced by microwave radiation.Methods PC12 cells were differentiated into neuros induced by nerve growth factor ( NGF ) .PC12 cells were incubated for 48 hours after astragalosides,total paeony glycoside and tanshinones were added at different concentrations (1, 3, or 9 μg/ml) .The cells in the control group were cultivated with the only medium of the same volume.Then, cells were irradiated with 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 6 minutes.The morphology of PC12 cells was observed under an inverted microscope soon before and after irradiation and the cell viability was measured by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium ( MTT) colorimetry.Reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) was determined using active oxygen probe 2′, 7′-dichlorodihyarofluolescen diacetde ( DCFH-DA ) while malonyldialdehyde(MDA) was measured in the homogenate of PC12 cells through thiobarbituric acid ( TBA) reactive substance assay.Results The cell morphology of each group showed no obvious difference.6 h after irradiation, the viability of irradiation control group measured by MTT declined apparently(P<0.01)compared with the normal control group.The 3 μg/ml astragalosides treatment group increased the viability of PC12 cells after microwave exposure ( P <0.01).The contents of ROS and MDA were increased after irradiation(P<0.01).However, in the three active ingredients of Kang Fu Ling treatment groups, both ROS and MDA were much lower than in irradiation control group.Conclusion Astragalosides, total paeony glycoside and tanshinones, which are the three active ingredients of Kang Fu Ling, all have protective effect against PC12 cell injury caused by microwave radiation,possibly by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress injury.
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Poststroke cognitive impairment includes poststroke non-dementia cognitive impairment and poststroke dementia, which is a cognitive dysfunction caused by the vascular factors, neural degeneration or mixed factors. Although the concept of poststroke cognitive impairment has not been generally accepted, it is worth further investigation, This article introduces the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and prevention and treatment measures of poststroke cognitive impairment.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and related factors in the university staff. Methods 617 subjects were selected from 1 519 cases with the fasting blood glucose level ≥5.6 mmol / L in the annually physical examination among 3 851 population in a university community. All 617 subjects were taken the blood glucose and insulin test for the fasting and 2 hour after 75 g glucose intake. The fasting lipids, BUN and Cr were determined. The demographic data including height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure was also collected. Results The numbers of normal glucose tolerance (NGT), IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT and newly diagnosed DM were confirmed in 374 (60.62%), 60 (9.72%), 59 (9.56%), 41 (6.65%) and 83 (13.45%); totally, 243 (39.38%) cases with abnormal glucose metabolism. The highest DM prevalence was found in the group with BMI ≥28 kg / m2. In the group with hypertriglyceridemia, prevalence of DM, IFG and IFG +IGT was 12.50%, 8.33% and 8.33%. In the group with hypercholesteremia and hypertriglyceridemia together, prevalence of DM, IFG+IGT, IFG and IGT was 18.87%, 7.17%, 11.32% and 12.83%. DM prevalence increased with the higher triglycerides level. No differences of HOMA-IR was found among groups of DM (0.80?0.82), IFG (0.64?0.72), IFG+IGT (0.61?0.77), IGT (0.35?0.68), but all these obviously higher than that of NGT group (0.17?0.80). No differences of HOMA-B among the IGT (3.97?0.69), NGT (3.95?0.78), IFG (3.84?0.72), IFG+IGT (3.80?0.78) groups, but all these higher than that of NGT(3.69?0.88)group. Conclusion About 40% of these subjects in the university population had their blood glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L. In these subjects with blood glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L, about 40% of them had abnormal blood glucose level, including 13.45% diabetic patients. The highest prevalence of IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT was found in the group aged 60～70, the highest prevalence of DM in the group aged 70～80 and increased paralleled with the BMI and aging, was associated with lipids disorder, particularly with hypertriglyceridemia. IR existed in the pre-diabetes state and was worst in the DM, with most severe ? cell function failure.
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Objective To observe the expression of 7 cytokeratins in skin epithelial tumors and to assess their diagnostic value. Methods The expression of 7 cytokeratins, including cytokeratin 7(K72.2), cytokeratin 8(C-51), cytokeratin 10(DE-K10), cytokeratin 14(LL002), cytokeratin 17(E3), cytokeratin 18(DC10)and cytokeratin 19(KS19.1), was assessed by immunohistochemical staining (S-P method) in 54 cases of different skin epithelial tumors and 20 normal skin specimens. Results Of 54 cases studied, 10 were squmous cell carcinoma (SCC), 10 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 19 hair follicle tumor, 2 sebaceous carcinoma, and 13 sweat gland tumor. The expression patterns and distribution of the 7 cytokeratins were different in different skin epithelial tumors. Most of the tumor cells stained diffusely for cytokeratins in SCC, BCC and hair follicle tumor; different cytokeratins expressed in different parts of each of the subtypes of sweat gland tumors. Conclusions Analysis of a selected group of cytokeratins may be helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SCC, basal cell carcinoma and skin adenexal tumor.