Role of heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing year by year, but the clinical diagnosis and treatment progress is limited and the prognosis is poor. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely related to the invasion, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance of pancreatic cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are fibroblasts in a state of continuous activation, which are the most prominent components in TME. CAFs can promote the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer through a variety of molecule-mediated mechanisms. Moreover, several attempts targeting CAFs for the treatment of pancreatic cancer have been largely unsuccessful. It may be related to the heterogeneity of CAFs in pancreatic cancer. Therefore, in-depth study of its heterogeneity and accurate targeting of some specific phenotypes and functional CAFs subtypes in the matrix on this basis may be more promising in the clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Progress on biogas technology and engineering / 生物工程学报

Dwindling supplies of conventional energy sources and the demand to increase the share of renewable energy for sustainability have increased the significance of biogas, the product of synergistic fermentation of biodegrable organic wastes from municipal, agricultural and industrial activities by microbial populations under anaerobic conditions. With extensive research and engineering practice, many technologies and modes have been developed for biogas production and application. Currently, the most widely used mode is the complete-mixing mesophilic fermentation. Europe, especially Germany, is leading the world in the combined heat and power production (CHP) from biogas. In this paper, updated progress in biogas technologies is reviewed, with focuses on anaerobic microorganisms, bioreactor configurations and process development, biogas production and applications, in which perspectives of biogas as a clean and renewable energy are projected.

Progress on hydrogen-production microorganisms by anaerobic fermentation / 生物工程学报

Anaerobic fermentation bio-hydrogen production has captured extensive attention, hydrogen-production microorganisms has become the research focus as core role. Based on the review of current status and main achievements of hydrogen-producing microorganisms research both domestic and abroad, the fermentative type, the hydrogen-production capability, the bacterium type, breeding, and the gene modification were presented. The main associated issues were analyzed and the research prospects were put forward.