ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of dendritic cells (DCs)loading alpha-Galactosylce-ramide (α-GalCer)combined with tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)on the growth of transplanted Heps hepatoma in mice.Methods We induced the augmentation of the DC cells and T lymphocyte derived from the mice bone marrow,and enabled them to be specific CTLs.DC cells loaded α-GalCer in vitro.First we established a Heps liver cancer xenograft model,then divided the model mice into 4 groups by random number table method (n =9):control group (intravenous injection with physiological saline),CTL group,DC loadingα-Galcer group and DC loading α-Galcer combined with CTLs group.After 2 weeks of intervention,we extrac-ted the tumor tissue,weighed the tumor and calculated the inhibition rate of tumor.The expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 cells in groups of transplanted tumor tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results The average tumor weight of CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were (1 .07 ±0.1 5)g,(1 .1 1 ±0.1 7)g,(0.79 ±0.1 4)g,respectively.All of them were lower than that of control group (1 .69 ±0.23)g,with significant differences (t =1 4.1 76,P =0.023;t =1 2.351 ,P =0.034;t =1 8.672,P =0.000).The average tumor weight of combined treatment group was lower than those of the CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group,with significant differences (t =1 5.236,P =0.01 2;t =1 1 .1 76, P =0.037).Compared to the CTL group (36.69%)and DC loading α-GalCer group (34.32%),the com-bined treatment group had a higher tumor inhibition rate (53.25%;P =0.034,P =0.021 ).Immunohisto-chemical assay showed that the numbers of Bax-positive cells in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were 35.83 ±0.75,33.67 ±0.82,41 .1 7 ±1 .1 7 respectively,and compared with the control group (21 .67 ±2.1 6),the differences were statistically significant (t =-1 3.789,P =0.002;t =-1 5.1 1 6,P =0.001 ;t =-1 7.452,P =0.000).The numbers of Bax-positive cells in combined treatment group were different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =-7.730,P =0.009;t =-5.872, P =0.01 1 ).The numbers of Bcl-2-positive cells in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were 30.83 ±0.75,31 .67 ±1 .03,25.00 ±0.89,and compared with the control group (38.67 ±1 .21 ),the differences were statistically significant (t =9.234,P =0.007;t =1 1 .738,P =0.003;t =20.608,P =0.000).The numbers of Bcl-2-positive cells in combined treatment group were different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =1 1 .952,P =0.003;t =1 2.223,P =0.002).Western blot-ting test results showed that the expression levels of Bax in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and com-bined treatment group were 0.46 ±0.01 ,0.42 ±0.03,0.55 ±0.01 ,and compared with the control group (0.31 ±0.02),the differences were statistically significant (t =1 .035,P =0.032;t =1 .1 24,P =0.027;t =1 .425,P =0.01 0).The expression level of Bax in combined treatment group was different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =1 .305,P =0.01 3;t =1 .421 ,P =0.01 0).The positive expressions of Bcl-2 in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were 0.34 ±0.03,0.33 ± 0.02,0.24 ±0.01 ,and compared with the control group (0.46 ±0.01 ),the differences were statistically sig-nificant (t =-1 .1 23,P =0.025;t =-1 .061 ,P =0.031 ;t =1 .278,P =0.01 4);the positive expression level of Bcl-2 in combined treatment group was different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =1 .1 60,P =0.021 ;t =1 .21 9,P =0.01 5).Conclusion It has synergistic killing effect on transplanted Heps hepatoma in mice using DC loading α-GalCer combined with the tumor specific CTL.
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Purpose To analyze the high-frequency sonographic images of lymph nodes in mesenteric lymphadenitis of different ages. Materials and Methods 139 children with mesenteric lymphadenitis (study group) and 60 normal children (control group) were divided into 1 to 5 years, 6 to 10 years and 11 to 15 years group, the characteristics of high-frequency ultrasound sonographic images were analyzed, accuracy of longitudinal diameter (L), transverse diameter (S), aspect ratio (L/S) and color Doppler blood flow signal classification for the prediction of mesenteric lymph nodes swelling were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Mesenteric lymph nodes in the control group appeared as spindle shape with sparse blood flow signals, L, and L/S increased with age increasing (F=4.047, 9.586;P0.05). Compared with the control group, blood flow signals were more abundant in all age groups of the study group, L and S were also significantly higher (L:t=-13.798,-12.813,-8.089;S:t= -8.212,-13.172,-9.606, P<0.01), only in the 1 to 5 years group statistically significant difference (t=-3.208, P<0.05) was showed between the two groups. From 1 to 5 years, the sensitivity and specificity for the judgment of lymph node swelling were 95.56%and 100.00%, respectively when using L=9.85 mm as a standard;from 6 to 10 years, the sensitivity and specificity for the judgment of lymph node swelling were 95.59%and 100.00%, respectively when using L=10.25 mm as a standard;from 11 to 15 years, the sensitivity and specificity for the judgment of lymph node swelling were 92.31%and 100.00%, respectively when using S=4.40 mm as a standard. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound is able to display the location distribution and morphological characteristics of the mesenteric lymph nodes in children, and also to accurately measure the diameters and flow signal distribution of the lymph nodes, thus will provide valuable evidence for the diagnosis of pediatric mesenteric lymphadenitis.
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ObjectiveBy the study of histological feature of the regenerated nerve at different time after operation,to explore the mechanism of the peripheral nerve regenerationwhen the distal nerve stump is repaired by a smaller proximal end with artery sleeve briding.MethodsFour Wistar rats were served as the donors of arteris for bridging.Sixteen Wistar rats were randomized into 2 groups (n =8 per group).In control group,the right sciatic nerves were cut off and received epineurial suture.In experimental group,the right sciatic nerves received artery sleeve bridging in different size.HE staining was taken to observe the histological changes of the regenerated nerve at 7,14,21 and 28 days after operation.ResultsThe new regenerated axons need about 21 days to pass the bridging gap.Twenty-eight days after operation,the number of the regenerated axons in distal segment was greater than that of the proximal in the experimental group.The regenerated axons were matured and more regular.Conclusion The functional reserve of repaired nerve is exists when the proximal end is smaller than the distal in size by means of amplification effect.And the method of artery sleeve bridging provides a better situation for functional reserve.
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Purpose:It is the authors' intention to improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for acute tes-tis diseases by analyzing the sonographic features.Materials and Methods:The sonographic features of 78 acute testis diseasess were analyzed.The results were compared with the clinical,surgical and pathological results.Results:78 patients had obviously different sonographic features between different types of acute testis diseases.12 testicular tumors were big mass with uneven internal echoes and often with calcification.The distributions of the vessels in the lesions were irregular or branch-like.26 cases of testicular contusion had scrotal wall edema and thickening,with low echo and liquid collection in the lesions.21 cases of acute orchitis usually intumesced with color ball-shaped rich blood flow signals.18 cases with testicular torsion had blood flow on the affected side decreased or disappeared,lcase of tuberculocele showed extremely uneven and various echoes mixed in testis.Conclusion: A fast and exact diagnosis or differential diagnosis of acute testis diseases can be obtained with ultrasound.