ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the primary teeth caries status of preschoolers in Pudong community and its relevant factors of parental knowledge-belief-practice (KBP).Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling,a total of 1 179 children from 9 kindergartens in Hudong community in Pudong new area were examined.Oral cavity check-ups and parental questionnaire survey were conduced to understand the primary teeth caries rate of preschoolers and its related influencing factors.Results The prevalence rate of primary teeth caries was 53.2％ and DMFT 2.79.The prevalence rate of primary teeth caries had statistical significance in different age groups (P ＜ 0.05).Multi-factor analysis showed that the influencing factors of primary teeth caries were age (P ＜ 0.05),parental education level (P ＜ 0.05),parental assistance of teeth brushing (P ＜ 0.05),children eating sweets before bedtime (P ＜ 0.05) and parental awareness for treating primary teeth (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The prevalence rate of primary teeth caries is high among the preschoolers of Pudong.And age,parental education level,parental preventive knowledge of teeth caries and poor eating habits are significant factors correlated with the incidence of dental caries in children.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between self-efficacy and self-management behaviors of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods A total of 350 COPD patients form 5 residents' committees in shanghai were recruited by using a convenient sampling method and were scored using Chinese Self-efficacy Scale (CSES)and the self-management behaviors scale.Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to detect the relation of self-efficacy with self-management behaviors.Results Three hundred and twenty adults were included in this investigation,and their average FEV1/FVC was (57.86 ± 7.06)％,average score of self-efficacy was 74.2 ± 9.5.In self-management behaviors,time spent on physical exercise was (16.2 ± 33.9) minutes per week,and endurance exercises accounted for (109.0±49.0) minutes per week.The score of cognitive symptom management practice was 0.9 ± 1.0 and communication with physicians was 0.7 ± 0.8.Total score of self-efficacy was positively correlated with self-management behavior in each dimension (r values were 0.522,0.407,0.330 and 0.044,respectively ; all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Self-efficacy and self-management behaviors of COPD patients need to be improved,and self-efficacy may be related to self-management behaviors.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the self-efficacy levels and its influencing factors of community-based patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).Methods From October 2008 to March 2009,320 community COPD patients were recruited from a Shanghai community.They undertook questionnaires,scale survey and pulmonary function testing so as to investigate the influencing factors of self-efficacy.Results The total scale of self-efficacy was 74.24 ± 9.50 and the level of selfefficacy in 286 cases( 89.4％ )was intermediate.The knowledge of COPD,social supports,forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) and self-management level were entered into regression equation and could explain 57.1％ of the total variance of independent variables.Conclusions The knowledge of COPD,social supports,FEV1/FVC and self-management level are the major influencing factors of self-efficacy in the COPD patients.We should improve the knowledge of disease and strengthen the psychological care and social supports so as to improve their quality of life.