Study on the related factors of antiviral treatment in previously reported hepatitis C patients based on the Andersen model / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To understand the basic characteristics of previously reported patients with hepatitis C and analyze the related factors affecting their antiviral treatment. Methods: A convenient sampling method was adopted. Patients who had been previously diagnosed with hepatitis C in the Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province and Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province were contacted by telephone for an interview study. The Andersen health service utilization behavior model and related literature were used to design the research framework for antiviral treatment in previously reported hepatitis C patients. A step-by-step multivariate regression analysis was used in previously reported hepatitis C patients treated with antiviral therapy. Results: A total of 483 hepatitis C patients, aged 51.73 ± 12.06 years, were investigated. The proportion of male, agricultural occupants who were registered permanent residents, farmers and migrant workers was 65.24%, 67.49%, and 58.18%, respectively. Han ethnicity (70.81%), married (77.02%), and junior high school and below educational level (82.61%) were the main ones. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that married patients with hepatitis C (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.93-5.25, compared with unmarried, divorced, and widowed patients) with high school education or above (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.54-4.20, compared with patients with junior high school education or below) were more likely to receive antiviral treatment in the predisposition module. Patients with severe self-perceived hepatitis C in the need factor module (compared with patients with mild self-perceived disease, OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 2.09-5.40) were more likely to receive treatment. In the competency module, the family's per capita monthly income was more than 1,000 yuan (compared with patients with per capita monthly income below 1,000 yuan, OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.02-2.47), and the patients had a high level of awareness of hepatitis C knowledge (compared with patients with a low level of knowledge, OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.35), and the family members who knew the patient's infection status (compared with patients with an unknown infection status, OR = 4.59, 95% CI: 2.24-9.39) were more likely to receive antiviral treatment. Conclusion: Different income, educational, and marital statuses are related to antiviral treatment behavior in hepatitis C patients. Family support of hepatitis C patients receiving hepatitis C-related knowledge and their families knowing the infection status is more important in promoting the antiviral treatment of patients, suggesting that in the future, we should further strengthen the hepatitis C knowledge of hepatitis C patients, especially the family support of hepatitis C patients' families in treatment.

Prevalence of HCV Antibody and its Associated Factors: A Study from Sentinel Hospitals in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The prevalence and related factors of serum anti-HCV in different regions and hospitals have not been studied extensively in China. We used routine screening data to determine the prevalence of HCV antibody in hospital patients, evaluate the epidemic trend of hepatitis C and formulate screening strategies.@*METHODS@#Patient information and HCV antibody testing results were collected from January 2017 to December 2019 in 77 HCV sentinel hospitals in China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the characteristics and associations.@*RESULTS@#HCV antibody prevalence rates were distinct among patients in different departments, with a range of 0.33%-6.93%. Patients who were admitted to the liver disease-related departments (a OR = 10.76; 95% CI, 10.27-11.28), Internal Medicine (a OR = 2.87; 95% CI, 2.75-3.00), and Department of Surgery (a OR = 1.95; 95% CI, 1.87-2.04), were more likely to be tested for HCV antibody positive. HCV antibody prevalence was associated with patients aged 45 years and older (a OR = 2.74; 95% CI, 2.69-2.80), testing in infetious disease hospitals (a OR = 2.33; 95% CI, 2.26-2.40) and secondary hospitals (a OR = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.69-1.75). Patients in sentinel hospitals of the Northeast (a OR = 12.75; 95% CI, 12.40-13.11), the Central (a OR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.61-1.70), and the West (a OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.73-1.83) China had higher HCV prevalence than those who were in the Eastern coastal area.@*CONCLUSION@#Those who were over 45 years old and saw doctors for liver diseases, and invasive diagnosis and treatment should be referred to HCV antibody testing.

Evaluation of China Comprehensive AIDS Response Program in 2020 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the work indicators of China Comprehensive AIDS Response Program (China CARES) and provide reference for future work of the program. Methods: The scores of each indicator were calculated, and different scores among different types of program areas were compared. The M(Q1,Q3) was used to describe the score of each indicator. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the composite score of each indicator and the composite score was translated into a 100-point system and compared among indicators. Results: In terms of the first-level indicators, organizational leadership and management (96.0 points), publicity and education (94.0 points), and innovative strategies and measures (98.0 points) got relatively high scores; while comprehensive social governance of AIDS prevention (72.0 points) was with the lowest score. The scores of publicity and education and comprehensive intervention in county-level program areas were significantly lower than those in urban areas. For secondary indicators, the indicator with relatively lower scores included "condom use among female sex workers last time" (70.0 points)", "at least one local key population has an increase in the number of people receiving HIV testing compared with the previous year" (70.0 points)", "colleges and occupational schools set up AIDS-related self-service facilities" (65.0 points), "HIV testing among the arrested people suspected of prostitution, adultery, drug users and traffickers" (55.0 points) and "condom use among men who have sex with men during last episode" (50.0 points). The "indicator 3 comprehensive intervention" contributed most to the evaluation, while "indicator 7 innovation strategies and measures" played a minor role in the evaluation results. Conclusions: The overall situation of AIDS Response Program in 2020 was good, but the progress in different word areas was not yet balanced. The two areas of comprehensive intervention and comprehensive social governance of AIDS prevention should be strengthened. It is also suggested that relevant indicators be adjusted appropriately to improve evaluation indicators system and comprehensively promote the program.

Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features and the risk of malignancy in thyroid cytology: Data from Singapore

INTRODUCTION@#The impact of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) on the risk of malignancy (ROM) in fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) per The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology has not been well reported in Singapore.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively identified 821 thyroid nodules with preoperative FNAC from 788 patients out of 1,279 consecutive thyroidectomies performed between January 2010 and August 2016 in a tertiary general hospital in Singapore. Possible cases of NIFTP were reviewed for reclassification and the impact of NIFTP on ROM was analysed.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of NIFTP was 1.2% (10 out of 821). If NIFTP is considered benign, ROM in Bethesda I through VI were 8.6%, 3.5%, 26.3%, 20.0%, 87.7%, 97.0% versus 8.6%, 4.2%, 28.1%, 26.7%, 89.2% and 100% if NIFTP is considered malignant. Eight patients with NIFTP had follow-up of 15 to 110 months. One had possible rib metastasis as evidenced by I131 uptake but remained free of structural or biochemical disease during a follow-up period of 110 months. None had lymph node metastasis at presentation, nor locoregional or distant recurrence.@*CONCLUSION@#Classifying NIFTP as benign decreased ROM in Bethesda II through VI, but the benignity of NIFTP requires more prospective studies to ascertain. The impact of NIFTP on ROM in our institution also appears to be lower than that reported in the Western studies.

The effect of systematic group music therapy on social living function and life quality in patients with schizophrenia / 上海预防医学

Objective To study the effect of systemic group music therapy (SGMT) on social living function and life quality in patients with schizophrenia. Methods By systematic sampling, 160 patients were divided into intervention group (80 patients) and control group (80 patients).Patients in the intervention group were treated by SGMT, and the control group was treated by general care.Comparison was made before intervention and 18 months after intervention on the following:scores of social living function as determined by the Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), and Social Maladjustment (SOC) scale.The WHO quality of Life-BREF scale was used to analyze score changes of patients′ life quality. Results ADL, SDSS and SOC scores of the patients in intervention group were significantly lower than those in control group (P values all 0.05).In comparison of the life quality scores, physical health, mental health and social relationship scores were higher in intervention group than those in control group(P values all < 0.05).There was no significant difference between two groups in environment scores(P>0.05). Conclusion Implementation of SGMT intervention can efficiently improve patients′ social living function and quality of life.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Da Chengqitang by Enema on Treatment if Postoperative Inflammatory Intestinal Obstruction / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of modified Da Chengqitang by enema in treatment of postoperative inflammatory intestinal obstruction (EPISBO) after the operation and its effect on inflammatory factors, gastrointestinal motility and intestinal barrier function. Method: One hundred and six patients were randomly divided into control group (52 cases) and observation group (54 cases) by random number table. Patients in both groups were given fasting for solids and liquids, gastrointestinal decompression, maintaining water and electrolyte balance, nutritional support and other basic therapies. Patients in control group were given somatostatin for injection for continuous micro-pumping, 0.003 5 mg·h-1·kg-1, dexamethasone acetate tablets, 2.5-5 mg/time, 2 time/days. Patients with concurrent infection got ceftazidime for injection, 30-100 mg·kg-1, 2-3 intravenous drips. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were also given modified Da Chengqitang, 125 mL/time, 2 times/days. A course of treatment was 5 days. Time of remission of abdominal distention, recovery of exhaust gas, bowel sounds and diet, defecation, hospitalization and transitional surgery were recorded. And main gastrointestinal symptoms and signs were scored. And levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin, motilin, diamine oxidase and D lactic acid were detected. Result: After treatment, according to rank sum test analysis, the clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group (PPPPα, hs-CRP, VIP, DAO, D-lactic acid and scores of main gastrointestinal symptoms and signs were all lower than those in control group (PPConclusion: In addition of routine therapy of western medicine, modified Dachengqi Tang had effects in resisting inflammation, regulating gastrointestinal hormones, and protecting intestinal barrier function, so can improve gastrointestinal motility, alleviate symptoms, shorten the course of disease and improve the clinical efficacy.

Effects of nitrogen level on growth of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and phytochemical content and antioxidant activity in stems and leaves / 中国中药杂志

As a rare endangered medical plant that newly cultivated,little experimental information is available for growth and metabolites of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum in response to nitrogen( N). The effects of different levels of N on growth of T. hemsleyanum and the content of phytochemicals( polysaccharide,total flavonoids and phenolics) and antioxidant activity( ABTS and FRAP) in stems and leaves were investigated in this study. A certain amount of N had positive effects on most of biological traits,and excessive dose of N went against growth of T. hemsleyanum. With N levels decreased,the polysaccharide content in stems and leaves had no significant change,while the total flavonoid and phenolic content,and antioxidant activities increased steadily. Antioxidant activities and total flavonoid and phenolic content had significant positive correlation. Excessive N fertilizer should be avoided by cultivation.

Practice and exploration of "pay for order" system based on hospital′s intelligent transport platform / 中华医院管理杂志

This paper, based on the development and practice of hospital intelligent transport platform, discussed the practice and exploration of the digital transport mode of " pay for order" . With the help of information technology, internet of things, and " internet plus" concept, the intelligent platform can further motivate the staff, and encourage optimization of the hospital logistic management. Logistic transportation workers can gain more pay by more work via such a platform, thus forming a hospital logistic management key performance indicator evaluation system, and further the development of hospital fine management and smart development.

The prospects of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of liver disease / 药学学报

Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death which induced by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation accumulation. This type of cell death is significantly different from other cell death in terms of morphology, genetics and biochemistry. It has been reported that ferroptosis is involved in a variety of human diseases, particularly in liver diseases. Therefore, screening and studying of inhibitors or activators of ferroptosis may provide novel strategies for prevention and treatment of liver diseases. This review provides the biological characteristics and regulatory signaling pathways of ferroptosis, as well as the relationship between ferroptosis and liver diseases, which will contribute to new insight into the pathogenesis of liver diseases.

Present Situation and Countermeasures of Conflict between Off-label Drug Use and Judicial Evaluation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for standardizing and protecting the off-label drug use. METHODS:Accord-ing to the field interviews with pharmacists and lawyers,the present situation of off-label drug use in judicial practice at home and abroad,and relevant countermeasures were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:At present,there was no mechanism for off-label drug use in the laws and regulations in China;there was only"special circumstances"statement in sporadic terms,while lacking explanation. In judicial practice of medical disputes,judges had different identifications in various references,such as the le-gality of routine and guidelines,teaching medical materials,clinical pathways,and internal regulations of medical institutions pre-pared by authoritative departments. Meanwhile,the judicial environment of hearing cases by identification made the off-label drug use had impartial adjudication. Legislation in 6 countries,including America,allows reasonable off-label drug use;FDA required off-label drug use must be for the benefit of patients rather than clinical trials,and it also should protect the patient's right to know. China should establish the authority specification of off-label drug use,providing scientific identification procedures,protect the patient 's informed consent by law. Medical institutions should develop relevant management system and processes to regulate medical prac-tices and ensure off-label drug use in line with the interests of doctors and patients.

Present Situation and Countermeasures of Conflict between Off-label Drug Use and Judicial Evaluation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for standardizing and protecting the off-label drug use. METHODS:Accord-ing to the field interviews with pharmacists and lawyers,the present situation of off-label drug use in judicial practice at home and abroad,and relevant countermeasures were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:At present,there was no mechanism for off-label drug use in the laws and regulations in China;there was only"special circumstances"statement in sporadic terms,while lacking explanation. In judicial practice of medical disputes,judges had different identifications in various references,such as the le-gality of routine and guidelines,teaching medical materials,clinical pathways,and internal regulations of medical institutions pre-pared by authoritative departments. Meanwhile,the judicial environment of hearing cases by identification made the off-label drug use had impartial adjudication. Legislation in 6 countries,including America,allows reasonable off-label drug use;FDA required off-label drug use must be for the benefit of patients rather than clinical trials,and it also should protect the patient's right to know. China should establish the authority specification of off-label drug use,providing scientific identification procedures,protect the patient 's informed consent by law. Medical institutions should develop relevant management system and processes to regulate medical prac-tices and ensure off-label drug use in line with the interests of doctors and patients.

"Time-angle measurement" reduction evaluation technique and clinical evaluation of proximal humerus fracture / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To evaluate the functional outcome and the complication rate after open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures with a "time-angle measurement" reduction evaluation technique,to assess the acceptance of the fracture reduction and to estimate the result of the surgery.Methods:Forty-six patients [mean age:(66.2 ± 14.9) years] with an acute proximal humeral fracture were managed with open reduction and internal fixation with this reduction evaluation technique from January 2012 to December 2013.According to the Neer classification,there were 6 two-part fractures,25 three-part fractures and 15 four-part fractures.The functional outcome was evaluated for each patient using the Constant-Murley score;radiographic evaluation was also conducted and complications were recorded.The postoperative shoulder function recovery and imaging findings were followed up to evaluate the guiding significance of this reduction evaluation technique in the clinical treatment of this kind of fracture.Results:In the study,46 patients had been followed up for 13-36 months,and the average follow-up time was (23.5 ± 7.3) months.All the patients achieved fracture healing 3 months after operation.The average head-shaft angle was (124 ± 3.5) degrees.According to the Constant scoring system,29 patients (63％) had excellent,14 patients (30％) had good,and 3 patients (7％) had poor results.The most common complications were pain (7/65) and restricted movement of the shoulder (5/ 46).There were no cases of screw penetration,necrosis of humeral head,deep tissue infection,nonunion of fracture and axillary nerve injury after operation.Conclusion:For appropriate cases of displaced proxinal humeral fractures,surgical treatment with application of "time-angle measurement" reduction evaluation technique that was introduced in the present study can lead to a good functional outcome,and the technique of reduction assessment should be regarded as a reasonable reference standard in the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fracture.

Effectiveness evaluation on the mode of Improving Mood-Promoting Access To Collaborative Treat-ment (IMPACT) for late-life depression / 上海预防医学

To discuss the effectiveness of the IMPACT mode for late-life depression . [ Methods] From Shanghai Pudong mental health network system , 60 cases of elderly depressions were cho-sen according to the criteria for case reqirement .Of the 60 cases , 30 were allocated into the intervention group who were treated with 18 months'IMPACT.The other 30 were included in the control group , who were treated with routine management for psychiatric rehabilitation .Depressive symptoms and medication compli-ance scores were compared and assessed at 6,12 and 18 months before and after intervention by using the hamilton depression scale ( HAMD) , self-rating depression scale ( SDS ) and the insight and treatment atti-tude questionnaire ( ITAQ) .Comparison was also made in re-hospitalization during intervention between the two groups .The patients'quality of life was analyzed and compared between the two groups by 36-items short form health survey (SF-36). [Results] The HAMD and SDS scores in intervention group were signifi-cantly lower than those in control group at 6,12 and 18 months after intervention (Pall<0.05).ITAQ scores were higher than those in control group (P<0.05).According to the SF-36 scores, the bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning and mental health scores in intervention group were extremely higher than those in control group (Pall<0.05).There was not one case of recurrence in intervention group , however, there were 6 cases of recurrence in the control group , the recurrence hospitalization rate being 20%(χ2 =6.67, P<0.05). [Conclusion] IMPACT mode for late-life depression could relieve depressive symptoms effectively , thus reducing the recurrence hospitalization rate and improving the quality of life for patients .

Protective effect of tanshinol on the hepatopulmonary syndrome in rat / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of tanshinol on alleviate the inflammatory injury of lung tissue in rat hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 8), hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) group (n = 11) and tanshinol intervention group (n = 9). HE staining was used to observe the histopathology changes of pulmonary and hepatic tissues, and to count the number of macrophages in lung tissues. The activity of alanine transferase (ALT) and concentrations of endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha) and homocystein (Hcy) in plasma were detected. The concentrations of TNF-alpha, nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the lung tissues were measured, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thickened alveolar septum and increased macrophages were observed in lungs in HPS rat. After administered with tanshinol, the pulmonary pathological changes were alleviated and the number of macrophages in lung tissue was decreased compared with HPS group. The activity of ALT and the concentrations of endotoxin, TNF-alpha and Hcy in plasma ,and TNF-alpha, iNOS, NO and MDA in lung tissue in HPS group were higher than those of normal control group; meanwhile, those tanshinol group were less those that of HPS group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tanshinol may play an important role in delaying the development of HPS through protecting liver or directly antagonizing the effect of intestinal endotoxemia so as to alleviate the inflammatory reaction in lung tissue.</p>

Specific causes of death among 381 AIDS patients who died in hospitals / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, researchers investigated the demographic and clinical characteristics of AIDS patients who died in hospitals, analyzed the specific causes of death, and looked for the correlation between specific cause of death and their clinical characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of clinical characteristics of patients and their specific causes AIDS of death who died in the seven hospitals from 2009 to 2010 were collected retrospectively. All the specific causes of death were classified according to the Cause of Death (CoDe) project protocol. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to find the association between some categorical variables and the risk for AIDS patients died from AIDS related illnesses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical characteristics and the cause of death of the 381 deceased in seven hospitals in this study were collected. 82.4% were male, with priority as 30-45 years old. 123 (32.3%) death patients had received ART before death. In all death cases, the cause of death of 252 patients (66.1%) were due to AIDS related diseases, with opportunistic infections the most (92.4%). Tubercle bacillus, infection of Penicillium marneffei and Pneumocystis jiroveci were the three leading causes of opportunistic infection deaths. Of 129 patients who died of non-AIDS related disease, non-AIDS infection (29.5%), hepatitis (22.5%), and non-AIDS malignancy(10.1%)were the first three causes of death. The cause of death in patients who had injecting drug use behavior within one year, had not received ART or not long enough, with opportunistic infections, without hepatitis, with the last low CD4 cell counts before death etc. were tend to due to AIDS related disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Opportunistic infections, non-AIDS related infections and hepatitis were the three leading causes of death in this study. The duration of time on ART had impact on the patient's cause of death. The HIV infected patients who had received ART before death had more risk to die of non-AIDS related disease, compared to patients who had not. The longer time they had accessed to ART, the less likely they would die on non-AIDS related illnesses.</p>

Expansion of China's free antiretroviral treatment program / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In 2003, China's National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program (NFATP) was initiated as a pilot, which covered only 100 HIV/AIDS patients. By 2011, the pilot had evolved into a nationwide program and had provided free treatment for over 150 000 patients. The objective of this study was to report and evaluate the progress of China's free antiretroviral treatment program.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The NFATP Database was systematically reviewed and a total of 150 692 HIV/AIDS patients were included in this study. Program progress indicators including the number of treated HIV/AIDS patients, follow-up visit rate, CD4 test rate, and viral load test rate were summarized and examined over a calendar year to evaluate the progress of NFATP quantitatively and qualitatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By the end of 2011, a total of 150 692 HIV/AIDS patients had been treated through the NFATP and 122 613 of them were still on treatment. Of all patients, about 72% were enrolled during the past four years. The dominant transmission route was blood related in the early phase of the NFATP, but gradually changed to sexual contact. Besides quantitative improvements, progress indicators also demonstrated significant qualitative improvements that the program had made during the past 9 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Great achievement has been made by China's NFATP. China's experience indicates the importance of a comprehensive response to the success of its treatment program. However, to ensure the quality and sustainability of treatment in the long term, more attention and resources should be paid towards program management.</p>

Acceptability and relevant impact factors of provider initiated testing counseling in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture of Sichuan province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the acceptability and relevant impact factors of provider initiated testing counseling (abbreviated as PITC) in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture,so as to promote strategies for the sustainable development of PITC in AIDS epidemic areas.Methods Four medical institutions were selected with rates of acceptance counted.Multi-factors logistic regression was used to analyze the impact factors from the completed questionnaires.Results Among the 413respondents,197 patients accepted the PITC,with an acceptance rate as 47.7％ (95％ CI:42.9％-52.3％).Factors as being female (OR=7.283,95％CI:3.933-13.465),acceptance of publicity (OR=1.855,95％ CI:1.013-3.395),worried about being infected of HIV/AIDS (OR=2.699,95％ CI:1.616-4.506) etc.were protect factors of PITC,while those who previously received HIV testing (OR=0.226,95％CI:0.124-0.409),afraid of taking blood test (OR=0.052,95％CI:0.024-0.106),knowing more AIDS related knowledge (OR=0.446,95％ CI:0.258-0.773) would significantly reduce the rate of acceptance.Conclusion Nearly half of the outpatients from medical institutions were willing to accept PITC in Liangshan Yi prefecture,thus provided important chance for HIV screening.Ways as strengthening related counseling before and after HIV test,launching effective HIV/AIDS-related publicity and advocating correct knowledge on blood testing,etc.need to be promoted,in order to improve the acceptability of PITC.

Transurethral resection of the prostate for advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer: a feasibility study / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We included in this study 43 cases of advanced prostate cancer with BOO treated by TURP, and analyzed their IPSS, maximum urinary flow rate and relevant risk factors pre-operatively and at 3 and 12 months after TURP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the baseline, IPSS and the maximum urinary flow rate of the patients showed significant differences 3 months after surgery ([19.60 +/- 0.41] score vs. [9.58 +/- 0.33] score, [4.93 +/- 0.68] ml/s vs. [8.96 +/- 0.47] ml/s, P < 0.05), but not at 12 months ([15.73 +/- 0.66] score, [5.67 +/- 0.44] ml/s). In multiple regression analysis, a good outcome was associated with pre-operative acute urinary retention, while poor prognosis with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the treatment of advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer with BOO, TURP can reduce IPSS and increase the maximum urinary flow rate in the early period after surgery, but its long-term effect is not so desirable. Meanwhile the operation itself may bring about relevant complications and reduce the patient's quality of life.</p>

Expressions of MACC1, HGF, and C-met protein in epithelial ovarian cancer and their significance / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expressions of metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and C-met proteins in epithelial ovarian cancer and their significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of MACC1, HGF and C-met in 20 specimens of normal ovarian tissues, 19 specimens of benign epithelial ovarian tumor and 52 specimens of epithelial ovarian cancer were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The correlations of the expressions of MACC1, HGF and C-met protein to the clinicopathologic characteristics of epithelial ovarian cancer were analyzed, and the correlations between the expressions of the 3 proteins were also evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positivity rates of MACC1, HGF and C-met proteins were 73.1%, 63.5% and 78.8% in epithelial ovarian cancer with relative expressions of 0.72∓0.05, 0.64∓0.04 and 0.79∓0.04, respectively, showing significant differences from those in normal ovarian tissues and benign ovarian tumors (P<0.05). In epithelial ovarian cancer, the up-regulation of MACC1, HGF and C-met expressions were associated with advanced FIGO stage, poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). MACC1 expression was positively correlated to HGF (r=0.350, P=0.011) and C-met expressions (r=0.429, P=0.002), and the latter two was also positively correlated (r=0.487, P=0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MACC1 may serve as a potential biomarker for advanced ovarian cancer. Deregulation of MACC1, HGF and C-met proteins may synergistically participate in the malignant progression of epithelial ovarian cancer.</p>

Design, synthesis and anti-oxidative evaluation of L-amino acid prodrugs of scutellarein / 药学学报

To design and synthesize a series of novel scutellarein 4'-L-amino acid prodrugs with more potent anti-oxidative activity and improved physicochemical properties. Scutellarein was used as lead compound, according to successful experience of improving bioavailability of oral administration drugs by active transport mechanism, principle of hybridization was used to introducing L-amino acid structural fragments at 4'-position of scutellarein to design and synthesize target scutellarein 4'-L-amino acid prodrugs. The synthetic compounds were tested on their physicochemical properties and in vitro anti-oxidative activity against H202 induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells. Five compounds were found to have more potent anti-oxidative activity than positive control VE. Moreover the physicochemical properties of synthesized compounds were evaluated, and the results revealed that L-amino acid ether derivatives are more stable (t1/2 9-92 h) than their corresponding ester derivatives (t1/2 0.5 h). Water solubility of scutellarein 4'-L-amino acid ester and ether derivatives were 1 796-4 100 microg.mL-1 and 27.7-81.1 microg.mL-1 respectively, in comparison with scutellarin, the solubility of compounds 18, 19 and 22, 24-27 increased about 120-280 fold and 2-6 fold respectively. All these results suggested that L-amino acid prodrug strategy has significant potential in scutellarein prodrug design.