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Bungarus Parvus, a precious animal Chinese medicinal material used in clinical practice, is believed to be first recorded in Ying Pian Xin Can published in 1936. This study was carried out to analyze the names, geographical distribution, morphological characteristics, ecological habits, poisonousness, and medicinal parts by consulting ancient Chinese medical books and local chronicles, Chinese Pharmacopeia, different processing standards of trditional Chinese medicine(TCM) decoction pieces, and modern literatures. The results showed that the earliest medicinal record of Bungarus Parvus was traced to 1894. In 1930, this medicinal material was used in the formulation of Annao Pills. The original animal, Bungarus multicinctus, was recorded by the name of "Bojijia" in 1521. The morphological characteristics, ecological habits, and poisonousness of the original animal are the same in ancient and modern records. The geographical distribution is similar between the ancient records and modern documents such as China Medicinal Animal Fauna. The dried body of young B. multicinctus is used as Bungarus Parvus, which lack detailed references. As a matter of fact, it is still inconclusive whether there are differences between young snakes and adult snakes in terms of active ingredients, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications. This study clarified the medicinal history and present situation of Bungarus Parvus. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that systematic comparison on young and adult B. multicinctus should be carried out to provide references for revising the medicinal parts of B. multicinctus.
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Animals , Bungarus , Snakes , China , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Drugs, Chinese HerbalABSTRACT
Present study aimed to examine the effects of high-intensity intermittent training on metabolic or circulatory parameters and exercise time during 30s-lasting exhaustive exercise. Six healthy males (22 ± 1yrs) had an intermittent training four days a week for four weeks. The intermittent training consisted of 8 or more sets of 20s exercise bout at an intensity of 170%VO2 max separated by 10-s recovery. Before and after training period, VO2 max and maximal accumulated O2 deficit (MAOD) were determined as indices of metabolic capacity. During 30s-lasting exhaustive exercise, VO2, O2 deficit, and circulatory parameters, such as heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output, were also determined every 10s. After the training, VO2 max and MAOD were significantly increased. During 30s-lasting exhaustive exercise, exercise time, stroke volume, and cardiac output were also significantly enhanced. However, no significant differences were observed in VO2 and O2 deficit every 10s during 30s-lasting exhaustive exercise. Therefore, these findings suggest that high-intensity intermittent training enhances exercise time during 30s-lasting exhaustive exercise and that the improvement of exercise performance is closely related to an increase in anaerobic capacity.
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ObjectiveTo understand the research status of post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） at home and abroad in recent five years， and to grasp the research frontiers and hot spots in this field. MethodsTwo electronic databases， Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， were retrieved for the literature published from January 1， 2017 to December 31， 2021. A total of 8 505 literatures were included， then the visualization analysis of the number of publications， authors， countries， institutions and keywords was conducted based on Microsoft Excel and CiteSpace software. Results① The number of publications in domestic and foreign showed an increasing trend in recent five years. ② In foreign literature， the top five countries in terms of the number of publications were the United States， the United Kingdom， China， Australia and Canada， with Canada having the highest centrality （0.18）. ③ Both domestic and foreign research institutions were dominated by universities. ④ In terms of the number of articles published， the top three foreign scholars were Bryant RA， Ressler KJ and Greenberg N， and the top three Chinese scholars were Wu Xinchun， Li Yuefeng， Yan Xingke and Zhang Guiqing （tied for the third place）. Compared with foreign authors， the number of articles published by Chinese scholars was relatively small. ⑤ In terms of research keywords， PTSD and depression were of more concern in both domestic and foreign. ConclusionIn recent five years， PTSD has been a hot topic at home and abroad， with both domestic and international studies focusing on PTSD and depression， and strengthening international exchanges may help promote progress in the field of PTSD research.
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Compounds(1-6) were isolated and identified from 90% ethanol extract of the stems and leaves of Cassia occidentalis through column chromatography with silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20. These compounds were identified as 7-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl)-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one(1), saccharonol A(2), S-6-hydroxymullein(3), 2-methyl-5-acetonyl-7-hydroxy-chromone(4), 2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-7-hydroxychromone(5) and 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone(6) based on their physicochemical and spectroscopic data. Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and all the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. DPPH method was employed to determine the antioxidant activities of these compounds in vitro. Six compounds exhibited weak antioxidant activities.
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Chromones , Plant Leaves , Senna Plant , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has become a serious threat to global public health security. Besides lung diseases, severe cases are also accompanied by varying degrees of liver injury. Previous studies have shown that patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus may also suffer from liver injury, which is closely associated with disease severity. This article elaborates on the clinical features and pathogenesis of liver injury caused by these three types of highly pathogenic human coronavirus, in order to help clinicians better understand this disease and make accurate decisions.
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A large amount of information, such as clinical hematological data and imaging images, can be extracted by artificial intelligence to form various quantifiable features, analyze the association between different features and problems concerned (such as diagnosis), and thus solve complex medical problems. This article elaborates on the efficiency of various artificial intelligence algorithms in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, hepatic fibrosis, and esophageal varices, so as to help clinicians with clearer understanding and better decision-making.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigation the types and frequencies of thalassemia gene mutations in pregnant population in Nanping area of Fujian Province, so as to provide a basis for prevention and control of birth children with moderate and severe thalassaemia in this area.@*METHODS@#The genotyping of α and β thalassemia was performed using the gap-PCR (gap-PCR) technique combined with reverse dot blot (RDB). The genotyping test was performed by Gap-PCR for three rare deficient thalassemia. The cases with negative detection were further detected by Sanger sequencing method, so as to identify rare α or β thalassemia mutation.@*RESULTS@#1120 specimens were genotyped for thalassemia, out of them 547 thalassemia genes were determined. The detection rate was 48.8% (547/1120). 340 specimens were diagnosed as α thalassemia, and the detection rate was 30.6%, including 266 cases of --/αα, 44 cases of -α/αα, 12 cases of -α/αα, 8 cases of αα/αα,. 3 cases of Hb H disease ( 2 cases of --/-α, 1 case of --/-α), 2 cases of αα/αα, 2 cases of αα/αα, 1 case of -α/-α, and 1 case of -α/αα. Also, they contain 11 cases of rare α thalassemia, 8 kinds of rare types of α thalassemia mutations in combination, such as 4 cases of αα/αα, 1 case of αα/αα, 1 case of αα/αα, 1 case of αα/αα, 1 case of αα/αα, 1 case of αα/αα, 1 case of αα/αα, and 1 case of --/αα. Among them, 5 α mutation sites were first reported, namely αα, αα, αα, αα and αα; 2 α thalassemia mutation sites: αα and -- were detected again in the Chinese population, respectively. 188 specimens were diagnosed as β thalassemia with a detection rate of 16.8%. Among them, 68 cases of β/βN, 47 cases of β/βN, 20 cases of β/βN, 17 cases of β/βN, 7 cases of β/βN, 7 cases of βE/βN, 3 cases of β/βN and 2 cases of β/βN. And 17 cases were diagnosed as rare β thalassemia, 8 kinds of rare types were β thalassemia mutations in combination. There were 4 cases of β/βN, 3 cases of β/βN, 3 cases of β/βN, 2 cases of β/βN, 2 cases of β/βN, 1 case of β/βN, 1 case of β/βN, 1 case of β/βN. Among them, 3 β thalassemia mutation sites were reported for the first time, namely β, β and β; it was found that in the Chinese population as β, β, β, β, and β, respectively. 19 cases were diagnosed as αβ-complex thalassemia, out of which 15 types of thalassemia mutation combinations were detected. They contain 2 cases of rare αβ-complex thalassemia, which are αα/αα complex β/βN, αα in α1/αα complex β/βN.@*CONCLUSION@#The types of thalassemia gene mutations in Nanping area of Fujian province are genetically heterogeneous. The prevention and control strategies of thalassaemia in this area should be based on the prevention and treatment of common α thalassemia and β thalassaemia. And the attention should be paid to the types of rare and unknown gene mutations using screening and testing method.
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Female , Humans , Pregnancy , China , Genotype , Mutation , Thailand , alpha-Thalassemia , Genetics , beta-Thalassemia , GeneticsABSTRACT
Five sesquiterpenoids were isolated from 90% ethanol extract of Croton yunnanensis by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,as well as prep-HPLC methods. Based on MS,1 D and 2 D NMR spectral analyses,the structures of the five compounds were identified as 11-methoxyl alismol(1),6β,7β-epoxy-4α-hydroxyguaian-10-ene(orientalol C,2),multisalactone D(3),arvestonol(4),and 4,5-dihydroblumenol A(5). Compound 1 was a new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid. Compounds 2-4 were isolated from the Croton genus for the first time,and compound 5 was obtained from this plant for the first time.
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Croton , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Sesquiterpenes , Sesquiterpenes, GuaianeABSTRACT
A total of ten compounds were isolated from the 90% Et OH extract of Cassia siamea by using various chormatographic techniques,and their structures were established as( 2' S)-2-( propan-2'-ol)-5,7-dihydroxy-benzopyran-4-one( 1),chrobisiamone( 2), 2-( 2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-7-hydroxychromone( 3), 2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone( 4), 2-methyl-5-acetonyl-7-hydroxychromone( 5),3-O-methylquercetin( 6),3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonone( 7),luteolin-5,3'-dimethylether( 8),4-( trans)-acetul-3,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-dihydronapht halenone( 9) and 6-hydroxymellein( 10) based on the spectroscopic data.Compound 1 was a new compound,and 3,4,6,8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
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Cassia , Luteolin , Senna Plant , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of malaria elimination monitoring in Liyang City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating control strategies and measures of malaria elimination. Methods The monitoring data about the epidemic situation, blood tests of feverish patients and epidemiology investigation of individual malaria patients in Liyang City from 2010 to 2016 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology method. Results From 2010 to 2016, there were 67 malaria cases in total. Totally 39 196 feverish patients had blood tests for Plasmodium, and 65 of them showed positive and the positive rate was 0.17%. The other 2 cases of microscopy negative were treated with anti-malarial drugs by themselves after the onset of fever, and no Plasmodium was detected in the microscopy, but the tests with malaria rapid diagnostic kit (RDTs) were positive. Among all the 67 cases, there were 49 falciparum malaria cases, 13 ovale malaria cases and 5 vivax malaria cases. All the 67 malaria cases were imported, and the number of cases from Africa was 63 (94.03%). Totally 97.01% (65/67) of the malaria patients were male and most of them were young adults. The patients aged 30 to 49 years accounted for 73.13% (49/67) and 80.60% (54/67) of them were farmers. There were malaria cases in all the 10 towns of the city, and the time of onset had no obvious seasonal characteristics. The timely rate of case report, timely rate of blood film review, standardized treatment rate, epidemiological case investigation rate, and epidemic focus investigation and disposal rate were all 100%. There were 18 076 people with the active case investigation, but no malaria parasite positive carriers were found. The mosquito vector monitoring was performed with the methods of mosquito trap lamp and human bait half night trap, and 187 and 78 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured respectively, and all the parasites were Anopheles sinensis. A total of 88 person-times were performed for the Plasmodium examinations with microscopy and RDTs (one blood sample, two detections) in Liyang City Center for Disease Prevention and Control from 2012 to 2016, and 35 person-times were positive, including 28 person-times of Plasmodium falciparum and 7 person-times of P. ovale, and there was no statistically significant difference between the detection rates of P. falciparum, and P. ovale (adjusted χ2 = 0.05, P > 0.05). There were 34 RDTs positive cases, including 14 cases of malignant malaria, and 17 cases of malignant malaria or mixed infections of P. falciparum with other three kinds of Plasmodium parasites, and 3 cases of single infection or mixed infections of other three kinds of Plasmodium parasites, and there was a statistically significant difference among them in the positive RDTs detection rates (adjusted χ2 = 13.75, P < 0.05). Conclusions There are still imported malaria cases and there is the risk of malaria retransmission in Liyang City. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the malaria surveillance work and the management of infectious sources, so as to consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination in the future.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of malaria elimination monitoring in Liyang City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating control strategies and measures of malaria elimination. Methods The monitoring data about the epidemic situation, blood tests of feverish patients and epidemiology investigation of individual malaria patients in Liyang City from 2010 to 2016 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology method. Results From 2010 to 2016, there were 67 malaria cases in total. Totally 39 196 feverish patients had blood tests for Plasmodium, and 65 of them showed positive and the positive rate was 0.17%. The other 2 cases of microscopy negative were treated with anti-malarial drugs by themselves after the onset of fever, and no Plasmodium was detected in the microscopy, but the tests with malaria rapid diagnostic kit (RDTs) were positive. Among all the 67 cases, there were 49 falciparum malaria cases, 13 ovale malaria cases and 5 vivax malaria cases. All the 67 malaria cases were imported, and the number of cases from Africa was 63 (94.03%). Totally 97.01% (65/67) of the malaria patients were male and most of them were young adults. The patients aged 30 to 49 years accounted for 73.13% (49/67) and 80.60% (54/67) of them were farmers. There were malaria cases in all the 10 towns of the city, and the time of onset had no obvious seasonal characteristics. The timely rate of case report, timely rate of blood film review, standardized treatment rate, epidemiological case investigation rate, and epidemic focus investigation and disposal rate were all 100%. There were 18 076 people with the active case investigation, but no malaria parasite positive carriers were found. The mosquito vector monitoring was performed with the methods of mosquito trap lamp and human bait half night trap, and 187 and 78 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured respectively, and all the parasites were Anopheles sinensis. A total of 88 person-times were performed for the Plasmodium examinations with microscopy and RDTs (one blood sample, two detections) in Liyang City Center for Disease Prevention and Control from 2012 to 2016, and 35 person-times were positive, including 28 person-times of Plasmodium falciparum and 7 person-times of P. ovale, and there was no statistically significant difference between the detection rates of P. falciparum, and P. ovale (adjusted χ2 = 0.05, P > 0.05). There were 34 RDTs positive cases, including 14 cases of malignant malaria, and 17 cases of malignant malaria or mixed infections of P. falciparum with other three kinds of Plasmodium parasites, and 3 cases of single infection or mixed infections of other three kinds of Plasmodium parasites, and there was a statistically significant difference among them in the positive RDTs detection rates (adjusted χ2 = 13.75, P < 0.05). Conclusions There are still imported malaria cases and there is the risk of malaria retransmission in Liyang City. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the malaria surveillance work and the management of infectious sources, so as to consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination in the future.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of major parasitic diseases and related knowledge,attitude and practice among rural residents in Liyang City,so as to provide the evidence for formulating appropriate preventive strategies and mea-sures.Methods Three villages were selected from three towns as survey sites,and the residents who were above three years old and had been in the village for over six months were investigated.The Kato-Katz technique was applied to detect intestinal para-site eggs in residents'feces,and the cellophane anal swab was used to detect Enterobius vermicularis eggs among children aged 3-6 years. The iodine liquid smear and saline smear methods were used to examine intestinal protozoa cysts or trophozoites. Hookworm species were identified by the tube filter paper culture method.A structured questionnaire was used to collect the in-formation on residents'knowledge,attitude and practice of the prevention and control of major parasitic diseases.Results To-tally 759 residents were investigated and tested at the three rural survey sites,and only 2 cases were detected of parasitic infec-tion and the total infection rate was 0.26%.Both cases were mild infections without mixed infection.The total awareness rate of knowledge on ascariasis,trichuriasis and ancylostomiasis was 37.9%,while the awareness rate of knowledge on clonorchiasis was 13.8%.The age and educational level were important factors of the knowledge on prevention and control of parasitic diseases among the residents.The formation rates of washing hands before meal and after using the toilet,and never drinking unboiled wa-ter were 83.8% and 92.1%,respectively. Totally 11.6% of the residents usually ate raw or half-cooked freshwater fishes and shrimps,and 53.0% had not the behavior to prepare raw and cooked food using the different chopping boards.The proportions of residents using fresh feces as manure and working in the field with bare feet were 13.8% and 22.8% respectively.The proportions of residents who thought they could,could not,or were not sure to change the risk behaviors and habits of parasitic infections were 40.2%,28.5% and 31.4%,respectively.Conclusions The infection rate of major parasitic diseases among the rural resi-dents in Liyang City is low,and the awareness rate of knowledge on preventing parasitic diseases is also low. Therefore,the health education on the prevention and control of parasitic diseases should be strengthened to guide them to develop good hy-giene,diet and farming habits.The environmental sanitation should be continuously improved to block the endemic of parasitic infection.
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Objective To implement the disease control and prevention information system digital certification in Tianjin,to achieve full coverage of network direct reporting unit digital certification in the city and to improve the ability to control security risks like information leakage.Methods CA certificate management was implemented with hierarchical framework and electronic authentication cloud platform of national disease control and prevention information system in China.The life-cycle certificate management was realized for certificate update,unlocking,reissuance and withdrawal.A silent server was deployed in Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for annual update of digital certificate.Results The digital certificate was issued to the user of Tianjin disease control and prevention information system,the integration was realized with national cloud authentication platform,and digital certificate authentication was implemented for user access.The risks for information leakage were eliminated during network reporting of disease control and prevention information.Conclusion All the authorized users of China's disease control and prevention information system in Tianjin area gain the authentication for access based on digital certificate,and the safety system is improved greatly.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 in naso-pharyngeal carcinoma and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Meth-ods The expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 in the local middle-late nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue of 96 patients was detected using immunohistochemistry.The correlation and the prognosis analysis were analyzed in combination with their clinical characteristics and prognosis. Results Expression rate of VEGF was 66.7% and that of TGF-β 1 53.1%.The expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 were positively correlated in the advanced nasopharyngeal carcino-ma.Both VEGF and TGF-β1 had significant correlation with lymphatic metastasis.The effects of VEGF and TGF-β1 on MFS were analyzed by Cox single factor and the results showed that VEGF positive was an adverse prognostic factor(P<0.05).The effects of age,sex,lymphatic metastasis,local invasion,VEGF and TGF-β1 on MFS were analyzed with Cox multifactor analysis and the results showed that VEGF positive was an adverse prognostic factor (P < 0.01). Conclusion The detection of VEGF and TGF-β1 protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma may help to predict the metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Objective·To investigate the value of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in diagnosis and prognosis of acute decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods·32 patients with acute decompensated CHF (Group A),33 patients with stable CHF (Group B) and 30 controls (Group C) were included.HIF-1α,B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and other biochemical indicators in blood were detected.Length of stay and readmission frequency within 3 months of Group A were recorded.Correlations between HIF-1α and other indicators were analyzed.ROC curves of HIF-1α and BNP were developed to compare their diagnostic values.Results·The HIF-1α and BNP levels of Group A were both significantly higher than those of Group B and Group C (P＜0.05).HIF-1α was positively correlated with serum creatinine,hemoglobin,BNP,length of stay and readmission frequency within 3 months (P＜0.05).Areas under curves of HIF-1α and BNP showed no statistically difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion·HIF-1 α has a certain value in diagnosis and prognosis of acute decompensated CHF.
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Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) is a reverse genetics strategy for the high-throughput screening of induced mutations. γ radiation, which often induces both insertion/deletion (Indel) and point mutations, has been widely used in mutation induction and crop breeding. The present study aimed to develop a simple, high-throughput TILLING system for screening γ ray-induced mutations using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Pooled rice (Oryza sativa) samples mixed at a 1:7 ratio of Indel mutant to wild-type DNA could be distinguished from the wild-type controls by HRM analysis. Thus, an HRM-TILLING system that analyzes pooled samples of four M2 plants is recommended for screening γ ray-induced mutants in rice. For demonstration, a γ ray-mutagenized M2 rice population (n=4560) was screened for mutations in two genes, OsLCT1 and SPDT, using this HRM-TILLING system. Mutations including one single nucleotide substitution (G→A) and one single nucleotide insertion (A) were identified in OsLCT1, and one trinucleotide (TTC) deletion was identified in SPDT. These mutants can be used in rice breeding and genetic studies, and the findings are of importance for the application of γ ray mutagenesis to the breeding of rice and other seed crops.
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Crops, Agricultural/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Genetic Techniques , Genome, Plant , Homozygote , INDEL Mutation , Mutagenesis , Oryza/radiation effects , Plant Breeding , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Seeds , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence DeletionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Treatment strategy for vertebral burst fracture remains controversial because of its complex morphological changes. There is a lack of knowledge concerning the fixation of thoracolumbar burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of thoracolumbar burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification) after screw fixation, thereby providing reference for choosing an appropriate placement method. METHODS: (1) Three-dimensional motion test: the samples were divided into complete set (group A), L1burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification) (group B), trans-vertebral fixation (group C), screw fixation at the unilateral fracture level (group D), screw fixation at the bilateral fracture levels (group E), and screw fixation at the bilateral upper fracture levels (F). Several swine spinal specimens served as group A, L1was modeled into A3.3 by AO classification fracture after three-dimensional motion. (2) The compressive stiffness test: one fresh specimen served as complete group (group A), B, C, D, E, and F groups underwent compressive stiffness test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Three-dimensional motion tests: the range of motion in the group B was significantly decreased after C, D, E, and F fixations (P < 0.05). Compared with groups C, D and E, the range of motion at the directions of anteflexion, left flexion, right flexion, left and right rotation in the group F was significantly increased in the group F (P < 0.05); the range of motion in the groups E and D was significantly smaller than that in the groups C and F (P< 0.05); there was no significant difference between groups D and E (P > 0.05). (2) The stiffness in the other groups was significantly higher than that in the group B, especially group E, and the groups D and A did not differ significantly. (3) These results indicate that the fixation at the unilateral fracture level and bilateral fracture levels both can significantly improve the stability of thoracolumbar burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification), and the former can reduce the economical burden and placement complications.
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Objective To compare the difference of serum heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and carbon monoxide(CO) levels between the patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) caused chronic heart failure(CHF) and CHD patients with normal cardiac function,and further to explore the protective mechanism of HO-1/CO system during the pathogenesis process of CHF.Methods Ninety-one patients with CHF were selected as the observation group and 72 CHD cases with normal cardiac function were taken as the control group.The concentration of HO-1 was determined by ELISA arid the Chalmer S method was used to detect serum CO concentration.The general clinical data of the two groups were recorded by the using the heart failure questionnaire.And the liver and kidney functions,blood lipids,NT-proBNP,BNP and cardiac echocardiography examination were performed.Results The serum HO-1 level in the observation group was (8.13±0.27)ng/mL,which was higher than (2.80±0.52)ng/mL in the control group;the CO level in the observation group was (0.35±0.06)mg/L,which was lower than(0.59±0.07)mg/L in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01);the HO-1 level in the observation group was gradually increased with the increase of cardiac function grade (P＜0.01);while the CO level was decreased with the increase of cardiac function grade (P＜0.01).Conclusion The serum HO-11evel in the patients with CHF is highly expressed with the heart failure aggravation;endogenous CO is gradually decreased due to consumption after cardiac failure aggravation.
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The purpose of this paper was to study the pre-mixed materials of emulsion gel. Accessories were screened and formula was designed with the most common use, low cost and simple process as the standards. Experiments were designed by central composite design-response surface methodology (ccd-rsm). 8.0.6 Trial Design-Expert was used for data processing and analysis, and subjective scores were used as the index to draw the three-dimensional effect surface and 2D contour maps. It was determined that the optimal ranges were A (carbomer 940)： 0.05-0.065 g; B (castor oil)： 1.00-1.12 mL; C (poly polysorbate-80)： 0.15 mL. The optimal formula was as follows： carbopol 0.057 5 g, castor oil 1.1 mL, polysorbate-80 0.15 mL. The formulated substrate was studied on its preliminary stability and rheology characteristics, such as viscosity and thixotropy. Then with the optimal formula as substrate, emulsion type gel was prepared respectively with 98% rutin, 98% berberine hydrochloride, and 98% berbamine hydrochloride as the main component. With 0.9% normal saline as the absorption solution, the results showed that the ransdermal flux of the three formulations of 1 h was all less than 1%. The results indicated that this substrate had the potential to be developed into a premixed material. The emulsion type gel matrix made from this formula had a good appearance, stability to certain extent, appropriate viscosity and thixotropy, and showed no skin irritation in 1 h.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of p16INK4a protein in breast cancer and analyze its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 132 surgical specimens of primary breast cancer obtained between 2014 and 2015 were examined for expressions of ER, PR, CK5/6, Her-2 and p16INK4a proteins using immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The breast cancer samples were classified into 5 molecular subtypes, namely Luminal A (58 cases), Luminal B (32 cases), Her-2-positive (21 cases), basal-like (12 cases) and normal-like (9 cases) types. p16INK4a expression was negative in 7/132 (5.30%) cases, weakly positive in 15/132 (11.36%) cases, positive in 40/132 (30.30%) cases, and strongly positive in 70/132 (53.03%) cases. When categorizing negative and weakly positive cases into negative group and the positive and strongly positive cases into positive group, the total negative and positive expression rates of p16INK4a were 16.67% (22/132) and 83.33% (110/132) in the carcinoma tissues. Statistical analysis showed the expression intensity of p16INK4a differed significantly between the age groups (P<0.05) but was not significantly correlated with ER, PR, Her-2, molecular subtypes or metastasis of the tumors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The compensatory high expression of p16INK4a is the main mechanism of cell cycle deregulation in invasive breast cancer and can be an important specific molecular marker for invasive breast cancer.</p>