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Objective To investigate the pretreatment and post-treatment effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of rat kidney. Methods Fifty adult SD rats were divided into 5 groups: control group (Sham group), ischemia reperfusion group (I/R group), GSH pretreatment group (pre-treatment group), and GSH post-processing group (post-treatment group), with ten rates in each group. Animals in pre-treatment group were injected 4% GSH 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally at 24th , 16th , 8th hour and 45th minute before surgery. Animals in post-treatment group were administrated GSH with the same dosage at 45th minute, 6th, 12th and 18th hour after surgery. Creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN) level, the total superox-ide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum were measured at 24th hour after surgery. Histopathological changes were checked by H. E staining. Results Damage on kid-ney structure of animals in pre-treatment group was less than that in I/R group. There was little pathological change on kidney of those in pre-treatment group. Serum Cr, BUN, MDA and NO levels were all decreased but T-SOD activity increased in pre-treatment and post-treatment group when compared with those in I/R group (P <0.05), (P < 0.05). T - SOD activity in post-treatment group was higher than that in pre-treatment group (P <0.05). Conclusion GSH can protect rats against acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury within 24 hours before and after kidney ischemia-reperfusion , especially after ischemia-reperfusion.
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Objective To explore the new model of teaching assessment and evaluation of sanitary microbiology studied by students majoring in preventive medicine. Methods Combination of formative assessment and summative assessment was applied in the teaching for students in under-graduate preventive medicine class in Grade 2007-2010. To get better effect, method was improved constantly. Pearson correlation analysis was used to students' formative assessment and summative as-sessment, and comprehensive evaluation achievement(the first two added). Moreover, the effects were assessed by teachers' self-evaluation and their exchanging ideas with students. Results Ranging from 10.06 to 12.22, the standard deviations of four grades' summative assessment results were the biggest number, so the summative assessment was more effective. Students' formative assessment, summative assessment, and comprehensive assessment for this course were positively correlated(P<0.01) for suc-cessive four years. Teachers and students approved of the new mode. Conclusion The effective com-bination of formative assessment and summative assessment was helpful for student to develop and assess learning ability and overall qualities, and for teachers to improve teaching level.
ABSTRACT
Top-quality course is a systematic project which has close relationship with the teachers' team,teaching method,textbooks,experience,management mechanism construction,and so on.We reform teaching method, experience content of courses,interaction of teaching and scientific research to strengthen preventive medicine top-quality course construction,and to foster more and more excellent innovation talents who will serve medicine and health industry in Sichuan province,the west area and the whole nation.
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Objective To know the implementary circs and short-dated effects of cooking stoves improvement in reducing fluoride level in the endemic fluorosis areas and to offer the background information and scientific basis for continuing the development of cooking stoves improvement in reducing fluoride level. Methods To do the surveys in the households, 769 families were selected and investigated from 38 000 peasant families in the program, by cluster sampling with 2% sample rate and 70 families were randomly selected from them, the fluoride levels in the air, foodstuff, non-staple food was determined. Results 98.7% of the families in the cooking stoves improvement areas could rightly use the improved stove. The fluoride levels in corn and hot peppers were greatly improved in county A compared with that in 2000, but the fluoride levels in the air, foodstuff, non-staple food still exceeded the standard limit, not all reached the national standard. Conclusion The headstream interventions measure in coal-burning type endemic fluorosis areas is effective. Controlling the fluoride pollution of capsicum and tea is necessary, the production methods must be improved. The health education and management should be strengthened for reducing fluoride level in the investigated areas.
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Objective To research the impact of formaldehyde air pollution on fractal characteristics of Osmanthus Fragrans leaves and the application of fractal theory in formaldehyde air pollution monitoring.Methods As the experimental materials, dwarfed potted Osmanthus Fragrans were exposed to formaldehyde at different doses of 0.001,0.005,0.025,0.125,0.625 mg/m3 by air.After new leaves matured, the vein samples were first produced;then their fractal dimension was analyzed with fractal theory and the computer system.Thirdly, the quantitative analysis of the variability degree was made and dose-response relationship among the newborn leaves of every dose group was researched.Results The corresponding correlation coefficients of leaf fractal dimension were more than 0.997 0(P