ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Specific gene expression at specific injury sites enhances cell regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the concept of gene therapy, to review the strategies of gene therapy and the mechanism of gene therapy for osteoarthritis, and to introduce the research direction of gene therapy. METHODS: Extensive consulted the literature on osteoarthritis gene therapy and related content in foreign databases such as PubMed and Science Direct. The key words were “Gene therapy, Cartilage, Cartilage repair, Osteoarthritis, Expression vectors, miRNA”. Above data were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gene therapy for osteoarthritis can be applied to all aspects of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and affect the metabolism of related substances. The target gene is delivered to the target cells through viral or non-viral vectors. At present, the focus of gene therapy is to accelerate cell repair and reduce inflammatory response. At the same time, multiple choices of gene vectors and target genes provide better individualized treatment options. The specific mechanism of gene therapy for osteoarthritis in clinic is not clear, and there is the possibility of gene mutation, which needs to be further studied to verify the safety.
ABSTRACT
Objective Articular cartilage injury is one of the most common orthopedic diseases with high morbidity and morbidity,especially in the elderly. Articular cartilage injury causes degenerative changes of articular cartilage, such as osteoarthritis, which can lead to disability, pain during joint movement and deformation of bone and joint. The prevalence of osteoarthritis accounts for 10% ～12% of the total population in the world. It is a common disease. The prevalence of osteoarthritis has increased to 49. 7% for the elderly aged over 65 years old ( Statistics of the World Health Organization ( who) in 2010 show that with the development of social aging and obesity and other adverse factors,these figures will continue to rise. It is known that osteoarthritis is related to aging,trauma,genetic susceptibility,obesity and inflammation,but the specific cause of osteoarthritis has not been fully identified, which leads to many obstacles in clinical treatment of osteoarthritis. At present,most of the clinical and research work in this field is focused on the restoration of cartilage trauma. In this review, we summarize and discuss the methods of cartilage defect repair,as well as the hot spots and directions of future research work.