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Objective To explore the mortality and main causes of death of residents in Shannan City. Methods Death data in Shannan City in 2018 were collected. The data was encoded and classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The 2010 standard population was used to standardize the mortality rate. Results In 2018, the mortality rate of residents in Shannan City was 359.53/100 000, and the standardized mortality rate was 421.446/100 000. The top 5 causes of death were cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, malignant tumor, respiratory disease and digestive system disease, accounting for 74.91% of the total deaths. Tuberculosis and hepatitis B were the main lethal infectious diseases, accounting for 90% of their total deaths. Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases were the main causes of death in Shannan City. Tuberculosis and hepatitis B among all infectious diseases are the focus of prevention. Targeted intervention measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of disease and death.
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Objective To explore the factors related to the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) among middle school students in four provinces (municipality) in China.Methods A total of 3 469 middle school students were recruited from the Children health cohort in eight counties within the four provinces (municipality).We collected information regarding demography,lifestyle,and family and school situation as well as the consumption frequency of SSB in the previous week.High SSB consumption was defined as "positive" if the frequency was once a day or more.Mean consumption time was calculated,and then logistic regressions were performed to explore the factors influencing SSB consumption.Results Prevalence of high SSB consumption was 11.18％ among the subjects of the eight counties,and the consumption frequency of SSB was 0.21 times per day.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the following factors were associated with high consumption of SSB:higher grade,rural region,male gender,physical exercise,habit of eating snacks,eating out,and fast-food consumption (P＜0.01).Factors influencing high SSB consumption were not completely equal between genders:physical exercise at school was associated with high SSB consumption only in female students (P＜0.01),while higher grade and eating out in the past week were associated with high SSB consumption only in male students (P＜0.05).Conclusion Factors associated with high SSB consumption among middle school students included grade,region,physical exercise at school,snack consumption,eating out,and fast-food consumption.These factors differed between genders.Intervention programs addressing these factors may be beneficial in reducing SSB consumption in middle school students.
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Objective To understand the changes on patterns of sleep duration of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) cohort in 9 provinces from 2004 to 2011.Methods Four rounds of CHNS data were used.Urban/rural,age and gender specific insufficient sleeping rates and excessive sleeping rates were analyzed.Results In 2004,2006,2009 and 2011,a total of 274,281,329 and 304 children aged 3-5 years;874,806,768 and 742 children aged 6-12 years;789,529,426 and 367 children aged 13-17 years;9 568,9 530,9 942 and 9 609 adults aged ≥18 years were surveyed respectively.The lowest insufficient sleeping rate was 53.9％ (200/371) in 3-17 years old children in rural area in 2006,the highest insufficient sleeping rate was 77.2％ (44/57) in 3-5 years old children in urban area in 2004.The insufficient sleeping rate increased in rural 3-5 years old children from 2004 to 2011.For the adults aged ≥ 18 years,the insufficient sleeping rate ranged from 4.2％ (82/ 1 954) in females aged 18-44 years in 2004 and 2009 to 20.8％ (211/1 015) in urban residents aged ＞ 60 years in 2011.The insufficient sleeping rate in age-groups 44-59 years and ≥60 years increased in both males and females and in both urban area and rural area from 2004 to 2011.The gender specific excessive sleeping rate in 3-17 years old children was very low in both urban area and rural area and no difference was found in different rounds of survey.The excessive sleeping rate in adults ranged from 18.4％ (569/3 093) in urban population in 2011 to 32.5％ (1 617/4 969) in females in 2004.The excessive sleeping rate of adult decreased from 2004 to 2011.Conclusion We should pay attention to the fact that the insufficient sleeping rate in adolescents is high and in increase in rural 3-5 years old children and adults aged ≥45 years.
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Objective To understand the changes on patterns of sleep duration of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) cohort in 9 provinces from 2004 to 2011.Methods Four rounds of CHNS data were used.Urban/rural,age and gender specific insufficient sleeping rates and excessive sleeping rates were analyzed.Results In 2004,2006,2009 and 2011,a total of 274,281,329 and 304 children aged 3-5 years;874,806,768 and 742 children aged 6-12 years;789,529,426 and 367 children aged 13-17 years;9 568,9 530,9 942 and 9 609 adults aged ≥18 years were surveyed respectively.The lowest insufficient sleeping rate was 53.9％ (200/371) in 3-17 years old children in rural area in 2006,the highest insufficient sleeping rate was 77.2％ (44/57) in 3-5 years old children in urban area in 2004.The insufficient sleeping rate increased in rural 3-5 years old children from 2004 to 2011.For the adults aged ≥ 18 years,the insufficient sleeping rate ranged from 4.2％ (82/ 1 954) in females aged 18-44 years in 2004 and 2009 to 20.8％ (211/1 015) in urban residents aged ＞ 60 years in 2011.The insufficient sleeping rate in age-groups 44-59 years and ≥60 years increased in both males and females and in both urban area and rural area from 2004 to 2011.The gender specific excessive sleeping rate in 3-17 years old children was very low in both urban area and rural area and no difference was found in different rounds of survey.The excessive sleeping rate in adults ranged from 18.4％ (569/3 093) in urban population in 2011 to 32.5％ (1 617/4 969) in females in 2004.The excessive sleeping rate of adult decreased from 2004 to 2011.Conclusion We should pay attention to the fact that the insufficient sleeping rate in adolescents is high and in increase in rural 3-5 years old children and adults aged ≥45 years.
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Objective:To determine the change in the dietary patterns of Hunan urban residents from1982 to 2012. Methods:A 24 hour dietary recall method was used for 3 consecutive days to collect information on food intake, and the condiment intake was collected by weighting method. Results:Rice products and potato consumption were 449.0 g per person per day and 44.0 g per person per day in 1982, and dropped to 150.0 g per person per day and 9.0 g per person per day in 2012. In 2012, vegetable (277.1 g per person per day), fruits (47.8 g per person per day), milk and dairy products (16.6 g per person per day) consumption were still insuffcient. Fat (59.3 g per person per day) and salt (10.1 g per person per day) consumption was still high. Conlusions:hTe dietary quality of urban residents in Hunan has been greatly improved, but is still seriously imbalanced. To consume more fruits, milk and dairy products and reduce fat and salt intake are very important.